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12,237 results for “2019”
Dissolved Organic Carbon Stable Isotopes and Lignin Phenols from Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, January 2019 - ongoing
Estuarine and coastal waters are home to more than half of the world's population and provide many social and economic benefits to society. Additionally, these ecosystems are sites of intense carbon cycling and are under pressure from changing land uses and climate. DOM is functionally defined as the OM passed through a 0.7 µm borosilicate glass fiber filter (GF/F) and is primarily made up of viruses, bacteria, colloids, lignins, humic substances, organic acids, and other small organic compounds (Repeta, 2015). Approximately 50% of DOM is generally considered to be dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (Stedmon and Nelson, 2015). Thus, DOC can be used as a proxy for quantifying DOM. Whole water samples were collected monthly from three different transects representing marl-dominated (Taylor Slough), peat-dominated (Shark River Slough), and seagrass-dominated (Florida Bay) environments. The water was filtered using 0.7 µm porosity glass fiber filters, then acidified to pH 2 and stored at 4°C until processing occurred. DOC concentration and the stable isotope ratio of DOC (δ13C-DOC) was measured on an OI Analytical TOC analyzer coupled to an Agilent Delta V plus Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer using high-temperature combustion (Lalonde et al., 2014). Dissolved vanillyl (vanillin, acetovanillone, vanillin acid), syringyl (syringaldehyde, acetosyringone, syringic acid), cinnamyl (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid), and 3,5-hydroxybenzoic acid lignin phenols were isolated from ~2 liters of 0.7 µm filtered, acidified (pH 2) water by solid phase extraction (SPE) using 1g PPL cartridges that were pre-conditioned using pH 2 water and methanol. SPE cartridges were extracted using methanol, then dried and redissolved in 2N NaOH. Cupric oxide oxidation and liquid-liquid ethyl acetate extraction were used to extract lignin oxidation products (Hedges and Ertel, 1982, modified by Goñi and Hedges, 1995; Louchouarn et al., 2000; Goñi and Montgomery, 2000; Benner and Kaiser, 2011). Briefly, NaO
Stable isotope values of consumers, producers, and organic matter in the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, 2019 – ongoing
Wetland food webs have often been characterized as detrital-based ‘brown’ energy pyramids, whereas the relative role of autotrophic (‘green’) vs. microbial (‘brown’) energy sources falls along a continuum set by physical drivers, as well as autochthonous and allochthonous inputs (Moore et al. 2004; Evans-White & Halvorson 2017) that change with ecosystem development (Schmitz et al. 2006). In the Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE), metabolic imbalances, including the collapse of calcareous periphyton mats, begin with a loss of foundation species primary production and legacy organic matter (Gaiser et al. 2006). This process likely enhances heterotrophic microbial productivity (Schulte 2016) and the supply of detrital energy to consumers by changing bioavailable and recalcitrant carbon supplies (Baggett et al. 2013). A shift from complex periphyton communities to transient planktonic communities under elevated P exposure reduces habitat structure and animal refuges but increases ‘green’ energy supplies and edibility (Trexler et al. 2015; Naja et al. 2017). Multiple sites (n=9) within the FCE were selected to document changes in coastal food webs as a result of eutrophication and increasing hydrologic variability. The project began in 2019 and is currently ongoing. References: Baggett, L. P., Heck, K. L., Frankovich, T. A., Armitage, A. R., & Fourqurean, J. W. (2013). Stoichiometry, growth, and fecundity responses to nutrient enrichment by invertebrate grazers in sub-tropical turtle grass (Thalassia testudinum) meadows. Marine biology, 160, 169-180. Evans-White, M. A., and H. M. Halvorson. 2017. Comparing the Ecological Stoichiometry in Green and Brown Food Webs – A Review and Meta-analysis of Freshwater Food Webs. Frontiers in Microbiology 8:1184. Gaiser, E. E., Childers, D. L., Jones, R. D., Richards, J. H., Scinto, L. J., & Trexler, J. C. (2006). Periphyton responses to eutrophication in the Florida Everglades: cross‐system patterns of structural and compositional cha
Porewater chemistry measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) from July 2017 through July 2019.
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) is a large-scale field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Response measurements include porewater chemistry, specifically concentrations of chloride, sulfate, sulfide, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, and pH. Samples of source water were taken after collection (seawater, river water) or mixing (mixed seawater and river water in tanks) and analyzed for concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen. Source water samples from 2016 and beyond also included measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbon:nitrogen ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, chloride and sulfate.
Fall 2019 plant monitoring survey -- shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
A quadrat survey was conducted in October 2019 to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites. The quadrats were established as permanent plots at GCE sampling sites in October 2000 by placing wooden stakes at random locations across two nominal zones at each site, designated based on marsh structure (creekbank and high marsh). New plots were added each year as necessary to replace those lost due to catastrophic wrack disturbance or creek bank erosion. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set (PLT-GCEM-1801). This survey will be repeated annually to assess changes in plant distribution and biomass in relation to environmental changes documented by other GCE LTER monitoring efforts.
Fall 2019 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2019 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-1911a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2019
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2019 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Fall 2019 crab population monitoring: mid-marsh and creek bank abundance based on crab hole counts at GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2019 estimate of crab densities at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Crab abundance was determined by counting the number of crab holes within a 625 cm^2 quadrat and converting the counts to number per square meter. Counts were made in the mid-marsh and creek bank zones (n = 4 per zone) at GCE sites 1 through 10. Note that this census method does not differentiate which species made a particular hole and therefore only estimates total burrowing crab abundance, potentially including species Uca pugnax, Uca minax, Uca pugilator, Armases cinereum, Eurytium limosum and Sesarma reticulatum. Crab holes that are not actively maintained are quickly covered by tidal activity and other sediment disturbances, therefore plugged holes were assumed to be unoccupied and excluded from the counts.
Mollusc population abundance monitoring: Fall 2019 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance based on collections from GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2019 estimate of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Species abundance was determined by hand-collecting all the infaunal and epifaunal molluscs from within quadrats of known area in mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, fixed in ethanol, transferred to and preserved in ethanol, counted and measured (size data is reported separately). The counts were converted to number per square meter. Gastropod species are listed first, followed by bivalve species. Size distribution data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2007a.
Mollusc population size distribution monitoring: Fall 2019 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc size distributions based on collections from GCE marsh monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2019 report of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc species size distributions at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Infaunal and epifaunal molluscs were hand-collected from within quadrats of known area from mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, preserved in ethanol, measured and counted (count data is reported separately). Length of each measurable individual was determined using calipers or an ocular micrometer mounted in a stereomicroscope. Species abundance and density data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2007. Numbers of individuals of each species in the abundance data file may not correspond exactly to the numbers of individuals in the size data file because some individuals may not have been measureable.
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2019.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2019. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats.
Leaf area index for Spartina alterniflora near the GCE-LTER Flux Tower in 2018 and 2019
Leaf area index (LAI) was measured at permanent vegetation plots located in the GCE-LTER Flux Tower site for short and medium form Spartina alterniflora. LAI data were collected using a handheld ceptometer in 2018 and 2019.
Leaf area index and above ground biomass for Juncus roemerianus in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve from 2015 to 2019
Leaf area index (LAI) and above ground biomass were measured in 16 permanent Juncus roemerianus vegetation plots located in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in Mississippi. Data were collected from 2015 to 2019. LAI were measured using a handheld ceptometer. Above ground biomass for each plot were collected from core samples.
Eddy covariance 30-minute CO2 fluxes with accompanying biophysical variables from the Grand Bay, Mississippi flux tower site from March 2018 to January 2019
Eddy covariance (EC) CO2 fluxes from March 2018 to January 2019 collected over a Juncus roemerianus marsh located in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR) in Mississippi. EC fluxes were processed in EddyPro 7. Additional biophysical variables included are air temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit, soil temperature, and water table height within the marsh.
Poplar Biomass by Allometric Equations at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (1989 to 2019)
Dataset Abstract Poplars are grown as cellulose crop at the Main Cropping System Experiment. The first rotation was planted at a stocking density of 1 tree per 2 square meter. After the first harvest the trees were allowed to coppice. After the second harvest the trees were replanted. The third rotation was planted at 1 tree per 3.6 square meter. For the first two rotations the species planted was Populus nigra x P. deltoids hybrid for the third rotation it is Populus nigra x P. maximowiczii. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/120
Plant Community and Ecosystem Responses to Long-term Fertilization & Disturbance at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (1989 to 2019)
Dataset AbstractThis work is part of the long-term sampling and monitoring of successional dynamics in abandoned fields – and responses to N-fertilization. Data from this research has been, and will continue to, contribute to LTER cross-site analysis of plant community dynamics, diversity-productivity, and responses to fertilization and disturbance.N-fertilized and tilled (disturbed) microplots are located in the NW corner of all treatment 7 (early successional communities) on the LTER main site. Experimental treatments are: 1) Nitrogen addition vs. no nitrogen addition and 2) Annual disturbance vs. undisturbedoriginal data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/60
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Coral mortality in the lagoon of Moorea in 2019
The data included in this data package were collected in the lagoon of Moorea, French Polynesia. Data on coral mortality were collected in July 2019. Data on nitrogen content (%N) in the long-lived brown macroalga Turbinaria ornata were collected during six sampling campaigns between January 2016 and May 2021 to characterize nitrogen availability at each site. Data on seawater temperatures at six LTER sites in the back reef were collected from 2005-2019, but temperature loggers at two sites (LTER 1 and LTER 6) only recorded partial ocean temperature records during the heatwave from 2018-2019. We used our entire time series (spanning from 2005 to 2018) of temperature across our four long-term sites for which we have data in 2019 to predict ocean temperature data for LTER 1 and LTER 6 in 2019. These data were used for analyses in the manuscript entitled "Effects of nitrogen enrichment on coral mortality depend on the intensity of heat stress".
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Quantifying 2019 coral bleaching; data for Kopecky et al., 2023 Remote Sensing
This data package contains a dataset generated using image AI-assisted image segmentation of live and dead corals within ortho-photomosaics of benthic reef habitat on the North shore fore reef of Moorea, French Polynesia. The orthophotomosaics were produced through a rigorous method of underwater photogrammetry that allowed for spatial and temporal co-registration of ortho-photomosaics of the same location over time (for full photogrammetric methods, see Nocerino et al. 2020: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183036). Using the image segmentation software, TagLab (see Pavoni et al. 2021: https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22049), we quantified live and dead coral before and after a bleaching event to estimate the amount of coral loss as a result of this event. This data package also contains code necessary to conduct the analyses of the dataset described above and create data visualizations used in the manuscript “Quantifying the Loss of Coral from a Bleaching Event Using Underwater Photogrammetry and AI-Assisted Image Segmentation”, published in the journal Remote Sensing in 2023, and as part of the dissertation of K. Kopecky. Analyses of these data and full methods descriptions can be found at https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164077. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 22-24354 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2024). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
Net community production (NCP) and gross oxygen production (GOP), based on oxygen-argon ratios and triple oxygen isotopes, from seasonal NES-LTER Transect cruises in 2019
This data package provides net community production (NCP) and gross oxygen production (GOP, a measure of gross primary production) for the winter, spring, summer, and fall Northeast U.S. Shelf Long-Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect cruises in 2019. Two tables are provided: a high-frequency table with NCP rates calculated from measurements of O2/Ar made continuously by an at-sea equilibrator inlet mass spectrometer (EIMS), and a low-frequency table with both NCP and GOP rates calculated for discrete samples measured post-cruise. The GOP rates were calculated from triple O2 isotopic (TOI) ratios. These data are derived from the EIMS and TOI data for the NES-LTER Transect cruises in EDI data package knb-lter-nes.6.3.
Size-fractionated net primary productivity (NPP) estimates based on 13C uptake during cruises along the Northeast U.S. Shelf Long Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect, ongoing since 2019
This dataset consists of primary production measurements based on uptake of carbon-13 added as 13C-bicarbonate during 24-h deckboard incubations of seawater. Sampling occurred on cruises along the Northeast U.S. Shelf Long Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect during summer, fall, and winter, starting in summer 2019. Net primary production (NPP) was determined from particulate organic carbon (POC) content and associated stable isotope enrichment. Three data tables are included: 1. Depth-specific primary productivity based on fractional light levels of the surface irradiance with reference to the profile of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). 2. Integrated primary productivity. 3. Natural abundance POC. The tables derive from the raw data included as other entities.
Chloride Concentrations, Conductivity, and Water Temperature Data from Upper Yahara River Watershed Tributaries in Dane County, WI: December 2019 – April 2021
Conductivity and chloride were measured for 2 years in nine tributaries of Lake Mendota and Lake Monona in Dane County, WI. HOBO Conductivity loggers continuously measured absolute conductivity and water temperature every 30 minutes. Breaks in data collection were due to a calibration period or if the loggers were out of the water. Grab samples for chloride concentration occurred weekly or biweekly. Conductivity and water temperature were measured with a field meter at each sampling excursion. This data was needed for a master’s research thesis with the goal of characterizing the spatial distribution and loading of chloride in the Upper Yahara River Watershed.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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