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763 results for “Antioxidant”
Antioxidant Therapy With N-acetylcysteine for Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04481048. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 28.
Antioxidant Supplementation in Pregnant Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01232205. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
OT-551 Antioxidant Eye Drops to Treat Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00306488. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Effects of Opuntia Ficus-indica Supplementation on Antioxidant Status and Inflammation Levels
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06657963. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Antioxidant cysteine and methionine derivatives show trachea disruption in insects
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Data for: Innate immune function and antioxidant capacity of nestlings of an African raptor co-vary with the level of urbanization around breeding territories
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Warm acclimation alters antioxidant defences but not metabolic capacities in the Antarctic fish, Notothenia coriiceps
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Data from: Impact of short- and long-duration thermal stress on antioxidant enzyme activity in Parthenium beetles
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Data from: Flying stimulates the antioxidant system and protects against oxidative damage in a migratory songbird, yet diet quality has little effect
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Can antioxidant responses be induced by habitat fragmentation process?
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Season, anthocyanin supplementation, and flight training have mixed effects on the antioxidant system of migratory European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
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Flight training and dietary antioxidants have mixed effects on the oxidative status of multiple tissues in a female migratory songbird
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Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Cocos nucifera leaf extract: Characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and photocatalytic activity
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Data from: Dietary antioxidants attenuate the endocrine stress response during long-duration flight of a migratory bird
<p>Glucocorticoids (GCs) are metabolic hormones that promote catabolic processes, which release stored energy and support high metabolic demands such as during prolonged flights of migrating birds. Dietary antioxidants (e.g., anthocyanins) support metabolism by quenching excess reactive oxygen species produced during aerobic metabolism, and also by activating metabolic pathways that, similar to GCs' function, release stored energy, although the extent of complementarity between GCs and dietary antioxidants is not well known. If anthocyanins complement GCs functions, birds consuming anthocyanin-rich food can be expected to limit the secretion of GCs when coping with a metabolically challenging activity, avoiding the exposure to potential hormonal detrimental effects. We tested this hypothesis in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) flying in a windtunnel. We compared levels of corticosterone, the main avian GCs, immediately after a sustained flight and at rest for birds that were fed diets with or without an anthocyanin supplement. As predicted, we found (1) higher corticosterone after flight than at rest in both diet groups, and (2) anthocyanin-supplemented birds had less elevated corticosterone after flight than unsupplemented control birds. This provides novel evidence that dietary antioxidants attenuate the activation of the HPA axis (i.e. increased secretion of corticosterone) during long-duration flight.</p>
Characterization, functional properties and antioxidant activities of macromolecular extracts isolated from Porphyra yezoensis
<p><em>Porphyra yezoensis</em> is one of the most economical seaweed species in China. Determining how to make full use of mature <em>P. yezoensis </em>and exploring new ways to increase the value of its resources are important subjects of research for the development of the laver breeding industry. In this study, we provide a simple method to comprehensively extract the bioactive substances from <em>P. yezoensis</em>. The characteristics, functional properties and antioxidant activities of two types of biopolymer extract from <em>P. yezoensis</em> were studied and analyzed relatively. Based on the characterization of water-soluble concentrate (WPC) and alkali-soluble concentrate (APC), obtained via chemical analysis, FT-IR, TGA and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), they both had typical polysaccharide and protein characteristics and steady composition. APC showed higher nitrogen solubility, water holding capacity and foaming ability. APC could not only be used as a protein supplement; it also performs well in improving the properties of foods in terms of water-holding and fat-absorption. The emulsifying activity and oil-holding capacity of WPC were observed to be higher than those of APC; thus, WPC has the potential to be used as an emulsifier. Surprisingly, WPC and APC have radical scavenging capacity in vitro, which broadens the direction of their application.</p>
The effects of dietary linoleic acid and hydrophilic antioxidants on basal, peak, and sustained metabolism in flight trained European Starlings
<p>Dietary micronutrients have the ability to strongly influence animal physiology and ecology. For songbirds, dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and antioxidants are hypothesized to be particularly important micronutrients because of their influence on an individual's capacity for aerobic metabolism and recovery from extended bouts of exercise. However, the influence of specific fatty acids and hydrophilic antioxidants on whole-animal performance remain largely untested. We used diet manipulations to directly test the effects of dietary PUFA, specifically linoleic acid (18:2n6), and anthocyanins, a hydrophilic antioxidant, on basal metabolic rate (BMR), peak metabolic rate (PMR), and rates of fat catabolism, lean catabolism, and energy expenditure during sustained flight in a wind tunnel in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). BMR, PMR, energy expenditure, and fat metabolism decreased and lean catabolism increased over the course of the experiment in birds fed a high (32%) 18:2n6 diet, while birds fed a low (13%) 18:2n6 diet exhibited the reverse pattern. Additionally, energy expenditure, fat catabolism, and flight duration were all subject to diet-specific effects of whole-body fat content. Dietary antioxidants and diet-related differences in tissue fatty acid composition were not directly related to any measure of whole-animal performance. Together, these results suggest that the effect of dietary 18:2n6 on performance was most likely the result of the signaling properties of 18:2n6. This implies that dietary PUFA influence the energetic capabilities of songbirds, and could strongly influence songbird ecology, given their availability in terrestrial systems.</p>
Data from: Oxidative damage and antioxidant defence are assay and tissue dependent both in captive and in wild-caught bank voles (Myodes glareolus) before and after reproduction
1. Reproduction is costly and life-history theory predicts that current parental investment will result in lower survival or decreased future reproduction. The physiological mechanisms mediating the link between reproduction and survival are still under debate and elevated oxidative damage during reproduction has been proposed as a plausible candidate. 2. Previous studies of oxidative stress during reproduction in animals under natural conditions have been restricted to analyses of blood. Herein, we measured the level of oxidative damage to lipids (thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances) and proteins (carbonyls) in the liver, kidneys, heart and skeletal muscles in free-living bank vole females from spring and autumn generations, before and after reproduction. Antioxidant defence in the liver and kidneys was also determined. We expected oxidative damage to tissues and hypothesized that the damage would be more uniform between tissues in wild animals compared to those breeding under laboratory conditions. 3. Considering all combinations of markers/tissues/generations, oxidative damage in females did not differ before and after reproduction in 12 comparisons, was lower after reproduction in 3 comparisons, and was higher after breeding in one comparison. The total glutathione was significantly increased after reproduction only in the liver of the autumn generation and there was no change in catalase activity. 4. Our results confirm – for the first time in the field – previous observations from laboratory studies that there is no simple link between oxidative stress and reproduction and that patterns depend on the tissue and marker being studied. Overall however, our study does not support the hypothesis that the cost of reproduction in bank voles is mediated by oxidative stress in these tissues.
Data from: Overexpression of an antioxidant enzyme improves male mating performance after stress in a lek-mating fruit fly
In many species, courtship displays are reliable signals of male quality, and current hypotheses suggest that mitochondrial function is a key mechanism underlying these condition-dependent traits. Environmental stressors generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that impair mitochondrial function, and thus antioxidant pathways that remove ROS are likely critical for preserving complex sexual behaviors. Here, we test the hypothesis that enhanced antioxidant activity in mitochondria preserves mating performance following oxidative stress. Using a transgenic approach, we directly manipulated mitochondrial antioxidant activity in the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa, a lek-mating species with elaborate sexual displays and intense sexual selection that is also a model for Sterile Insect Technique programs. We generated seven transgenic lines that overexpress mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Radiation is a severe oxidative stressor used commonly to induce sterility for sterile insect programs. After radiation treatment, two lines with intermediate MnSOD overexpression showed enhanced mating performance relative to wild-type males. These improvements in mating corresponded with reduced oxidative damage to lipids, demonstrating that MnSOD overexpression protects flies from oxidative stress at the cellular level. For lines with improved mating performance, overexpression also preserved locomotor activity, as indicated by a laboratory climbing assay. Our results show a clear link between oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and male performance. Our work has implications both for fundamentally understanding the role of mitochondrial antioxidants in sexual selection and shows promise for using transgenic approaches to enhance the field performance of insects released for area-wide pest management strategies and improving performance of biological control agents in general.
Data from: Lactation and resource limitation affect stress responses, thyroid hormones, immune function and antioxidant capacity of sea otters (Enhydra lutris)
1. Lactation is the most energetically demanding stage of reproduction in female mammals. Increased energetic allocation toward current reproduction may result in fitness costs, though the mechanisms underlying these trade-offs are not well understood. Trade-offs during lactation may include reduced energetic allocation to cellular maintenance, immune response and survival, and may be influenced by resource limitation. 2. As the smallest marine mammal, sea otters (Enhydra lutris) have the highest mass-specific metabolic rate necessitating substantial energetic requirements for survival. To provide the increased energy needed for lactation, female sea otters significantly increase foraging effort, especially during late-lactation. Caloric insufficiency during lactation is reflected in the high numbers of maternal deaths due to End-Lactation Syndrome in the California subpopulation. 3. We investigated the effects of lactation and resource limitation on maternal stress responses, metabolic regulation, immune function and antioxidant capacity in two subspecies of wild sea otters (northern: E. l. nereis and southern: E. l. kenyoni) within the California, Washington and Alaska subpopulations. 4. Lactation and resource limitation were associated with reduced glucocorticoid responses to acute capture stress. Corticosterone release was lower in lactating otters. Cortisol release was lower under resource limitation and suppression during lactation was only evident under resource limitation. Lactation and resource limitation were associated with alterations in thyroid hormones. Immune responses and total antioxidant capacity were not reduced by lactation or resource limitation. Southern sea otters exhibited higher concentrations of antioxidants, immunoglobulins and thyroid hormones than northern sea otters. 5. These data provide evidence for allocation trade-offs during reproduction and in response to nutrient limitation but suggest self-maintenance of immune function and antioxidant defenses despite energetic constraints. Income-breeding strategists may be especially vulnerable to the consequences of stress and modulation of thyroid function when food resources are insufficient to support successful reproduction and may come at a cost to survival, and thereby influence population trends.
Fig. 2 in Rickenyls A-E, antioxidative terphenyls from the fungus Hypoxylon rickii (Xylariaceae, Ascomycota)
Fig. 2. Crystal structures of (a) rickenyl A (1) and (b) rickenyl B (2); thermal ellipsoids were drawn with the XP module of SHELX at the 30% probability level.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.