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Fig. 2 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 2. Schematic representation of sections Turali 1-3. Asterisks (*) denote calibrated 14C ages BP. Small case letters refer to sedimentary units: a. eastwards-dipping bay fill, b. eastwards-dipping bay fill, c. sand with shells along eastward-dipping foresets, d. deformed laminated silts and sands, e. massive gravel beds, f. coarsegrained pebble lag, g. slightly dipping sand layers with shells, h. low-angle clinoforms with pebbles and shells, i. stratified silt stone, lagoonal, j. silt layer with shells, k. Aeolian interval, l. stratified silt stone, lagoonal.

Fig. 3 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 3. Paired Didacna eichwaldi (Turali-2, sample M0205) exposed just below the water table of the Great Turali Lake. Width of the shells approximately 2 cm. Photograph SBK, 2002.

Fig. 8 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 8. Reconstruction of Turali Bay, c. 2300 calyr BP. The palaeocoastline is approximatly based on the estimated lake level reconstructed for the time of deposition.

Fig. 5 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 5. Late Holocene Novocaspian bivalve species from Turali, with indication of sample and collection number. LV displayed on the left, RV on the right. A–B Cerastoderma sp. A [non C. rhomboides (Lamarck, 1819)] A M0215, RGM.961896 B M0215, RGM.962391 C–D Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière, 1789) C M0216, RGM.962390 D M0216, RGM.962389 E–F Didacna baeri (Grimm, 1877) E M0204, RGM.962379 F M0204, RGM.962380 G–H Didacna eichwaldi (Krynicki, 1837) G M02-05, RGM.961900 H M02-05, RGM.961900 I–J Didacna parallela (Bogachev, 1932) I M0202, RGM.962383 J M0202, RGM.962384 K–L Didacna protracta (Eichwald, 1841) K M0202, RGM.962386 L M0222, RGM.962385 M–N Didacna pyramidata (Grimm, 1877) M M0202, RGM.962387 N M0222, RGM.962388 O–P Didacna trigonoides (Pallas, 1771) O M0215, RGM.962378 P M0215, RGM.962377. Q–R Didacna barbotdemarnii (Grimm, 1877) Q M0222, RGM.962420 R M0221, RGM.962421. Scale bars 5 mm.

Fig. 9 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 9. Box core residue (sample M0267, c. 2 km off shore Turali at a water depth of 9.4 m) separated into the dark Novocaspian (left) and light 20th Century (right) fractions defined in the text. Largest shell c 1.5 cm across.

Fig. 4 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 4. Rarefaction curves of the Turali samples with 95% confidence interval and extrapolated species richness for double sample size.

Fig. 1 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 1. Geographic context of study site. (a) Map of the Caspian Sea. Source bathymetry: Kostianoy et al. (2005): Fig. 1 (p. 7). (b) Location of the outcrops treated in this paper. Tu1-Tu5 represent outcrops Turali 1-5. Brown ridges are Holocene Novocaspian beach barriers (see Kroonenberg et al., 2007). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Figure 5 in Old lake versus young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus )

Figure 5. EBSPs indicating population trends for the pooled Pontocaspian (blue) and southern Iranian (red) Theodoxus groups. The central line of each plot represents the median value and the shaded area indicates the 95% confidence interval. Note the EBSPs depict marginally different starting dates for each group when compared with the phylogeny. Importantly, however, there is a strong overlap of EBSP starting dates with the 95% HPDs established for the onset of intraspecific diversification in each group, as shown in the phylogeny (figure 3).

Figure 1 in Old lake versus young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus )

Figure 1. Representative phenotypes of the Pontocaspian and southern Iranian Theodoxus species studied herein. Pontocaspian: (a,b) T. pallasi (UGSB 20712); (c,d) T. astrachanicus (UGSB 18130); (e,f) T. pallasi (UGSB 18091); (g,h) T. major (UGSB 20482); (i,j) T. major (UGSB 20496); (k,l) T. schultzii (UGSB 20791). Southern Iranian: (m,n) T. doriae (UGSB 21706); (o,p) T. pallidus (UGSB 22228). Scale bar, 1 mm.

Figure 4. Statistical haplotype networks for COI, 16S in Old lake versus young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus )

Figure 4. Statistical haplotype networks for COI, 16S and ATPα sequence data for Pontocaspian and southern Iranian Theodoxus groups. The total number of sequences in each network is demarcated by 'n'. The circle sizes represent the relative frequency of sequences per haplotype. The number of site changes separating haplotypes is indicated by blank dots. Colours correspond to the sampling locations, as indicated in the key and in figure 2. Haplotype groupings are boxed and labelled according to the phylogroups determined through the dated phylogeny (I–VI; figure 3).

Figure 2 in Old lake versus young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus )

Figure 2. Map depictingthelocationsof thesamplingsitesaround the Pontocaspiansystemandsouthern Iran. Coloursof dots correspond to the locations, as indicated in the key. Dashed lines encircle (I) the Pontocaspian and (II) the southern Iranian Theodoxus sampling localities. The size of the dots represents the sample size at each location (larger = 10 specimens; smaller = 5 specimens).

Figure 3 in Old lake versus young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus )

Figure 3. Dated phylogeny of Pontocaspian and southern Iranian Theodoxus spp. constructed in BEAST based on COI, 16S and ATPα sequence data. Supported phylogroups of Pontocaspian and southern Iranian Theodoxus are labelled Ito VI. Node labels among these phylogroups and outgroup species denote divergence time in millions of years ago (Ma), with the 95% credibility interval given in parentheses and as grey bars for in-group taxa. Small red squares at nodes (with darkened node bars and, in some instances, dates) indicate significant posterior probabilities of divergence events. Parallel to each supported phylogroup, coloured bars indicate the localities and respective morphospecies of the included specimens as defined in the key on the left. Caspian Sea lake-level variations over the last 1.5 million years (relative to absolute sea level) and regional stratigraphy (following the 'short–Akchagylian' option) are adapted from Krijgsman et al. [1] (Khv., Khvalynian).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Figures 2–5. Sampling sites – 2, 3 in First data on the mites (Mesostigmata, Oribatida) from sea debris of the Caspian Sea (Dagestan coast, Russia)

Figures 2–5. Sampling sites – 2, 3. Kizlyar Bay, canal with sea water and storm emissions within reeds; 4, 5. Marine coast in the Samoor Forest and sea debris on the beach.

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Trace Element Concentrations in Feathers of Migratory Birds from the Southern Caspian Sea Region, 2013

This dataset presents concentrations of eight trace elements—arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)—measured in secondary flight feathers of waterbird species wintering along the southern Caspian Sea coast of Iran. Samples were collected in February 2013 from multiple species representing diverse feeding guilds and avian families. The data support ecological assessments of contaminant exposure in migratory birds and provide insight into trophic-level accumulation patterns. Elemental analysis was performed using standardized laboratory protocols, and values are reported in micrograms per gram dry weight (µg/g dw). This dataset contributes to regional biomonitoring efforts and can be used for comparative studies in avian ecotoxicology and environmental risk assessment.

openCustomOct 2025View details →

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Figure 1 in Assessment of the accuracy of determining the Caspian Sea surface temperature by Landsat-5, -7 satellites based on the measurements of drifters

Figure 1. Drifter device [Lagrangian drifter laboratory, 2024]

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

opennotspecifiedSep 2018View details →

PLATE VII. Species of the low elevation deserts in China (A-D) and northern Caspian Basin in Russia (E-F). (A) P. przewalskii-3; (B) habitat of A, Shapatou (foreground), Yellow River, Gobi Desert, Ningxia; (C) P. salenskyi-1; (D) habitat of C, near Jimsar, Junggar Depression, Xinjiang; (E) P. guttatus; and (F) habitat of E, west side of Caspian Sea in Dagestan. in A molecular phylogenetic hypothesis for the Asian agamid lizard genus Phrynocephalus reveals discrete biogeographic clades implicated by plate tectonics

PLATE VII. Species of the low elevation deserts in China (A-D) and northern Caspian Basin in Russia (E-F). (A) P. przewalskii-3; (B) habitat of A, Shapatou (foreground), Yellow River, Gobi Desert, Ningxia; (C) P. salenskyi-1; (D) habitat of C, near Jimsar, Junggar Depression, Xinjiang; (E) P. guttatus; and (F) habitat of E, west side of Caspian Sea in Dagestan.

opennotspecifiedDec 2016View details →

FIGURE 2 in Identifying Neogobius species from the southern Caspian Sea by otolith shape (Teleostei: Gobiidae)

FIGURE 2. SEM micrograph of sagittal otolith of a 60 mm specimen of Neogobius pallasi and its features.

opennotspecifiedDec 2016View details →

FIGURE 3 in Identifying Neogobius species from the southern Caspian Sea by otolith shape (Teleostei: Gobiidae)

FIGURE 3. Sagittal otoliths of: A–B: N. pallasi (TL: 95 mm); A, male; B, female. C–D: N. caspius (TL: 95 mm); C, male; D, female. E–F: N. melanostomus (TL: 95 mm); E, male; F, female.

opennotspecifiedOct 2023View details →

FIGURE 3 in A new mite species of Pseudoleptus Bruyant (Tenuipalpidae), and two new records (Tetranychidae, Linotetranidae) reported from the Caspian Sea coasts in Iran

FIGURE 3. Pseudoleptus avicennai sp. nov. (female). (a) Ventral idiosoma; (b) Subcapitulum and Palp; (c) Spermatheca. Scale bars = 50 µm (a), 25 µm (b–c).