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116 results for “Competition for resources”
Data from: Competition and resource breadth shape niche variation and overlap in multiple trophic dimensions
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Data from: Resource competition promotes tumour expansion in experimentally evolved cancer
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Rapid evolution of ecological sexual dimorphism driven by resource competition
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Data from: The tortoise and the hare: reducing resource availability shifts competitive balance between plant species
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Data from: Teasing apart plant community responses to N enrichment: the roles of resource limitation, competition and soil microbes
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Unilateral exclusion of three leaf beetle species due resource competition for oviposition sites
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Heterogeneity in resource competition covaries with individual variation in long-term social relationships
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Data from: Field manipulations of resources mediate the transition from intraspecific competition to facilitation
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Data from: Combined effects of natural enemies and competition for resources on a forest defoliator: a theoretical and empirical analysis
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Data from: Competing for blood: the ecology of parasite resource competition in human malaria-helminth co-infections
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Divergent growth-differentiation balance strategies and resource competition shape mortality patterns in ponderosa pine
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Data from: Information use and resource competition: an integrative framework
Organisms may reduce uncertainty regarding how best to exploit their environment by collecting information about resource distribution. We develop a model to demonstrate how competition can facilitate or constrain an individual's ability to use information when acquiring resources. Since resource distribution underpins both selection on information use and the strength and nature of competition between individuals, we demonstrate interdependencies between the two that should be common in nature. Individuals in our model can search for resources either personally or by using social information. We explore selection on social information use across a comprehensive range of ecological conditions, generalising the producer-scrounger framework to a wide diversity of taxa and resources. We show that resource ecology – defined by scarcity, depletion rate, and monopolisability – determines patterns of individual differences in social information use. These differences suggest co-evolutionary processes linking dominance systems and social information use, with implications for the evolutionary demography of populations.
Data from: Evolution of resource specialisation in competitive metacommunities
Spatial environmental heterogeneity coupled with dispersal can promote ecological persistence of diverse metacommunities. Does this premise hold when metacommunities evolve? Using a 2-resource competition model, we studied the evolution of resource-uptake specialization as a function of resource type (substitutable to essential) and shape of the trade-off between resource uptake affinities (generalist- to specialist-favoring). In spatially homogeneous environments, evolutionarily stable coexistence of consumers is only possible for sufficiently substitutable resources and specialist-favoring trade-offs. Remarkably, these same conditions yield comparatively low diversity in heterogeneous environments, because they promote sympatric evolution of two opposite resource specialists that, together, monopolize the two resources everywhere. Consumer diversity is instead maximized for intermediate trade-offs and clearly substitutable or clearly essential resources, where evolved metacommunities are characterized by contrasting selection regimes. Taken together, our results present new insights on resource-competition-mediated evolutionarily-stable diversity in homogeneous and heterogeneous environments, which should be applicable to a wide range of systems.
Data from: Carry-over effects of resource competition and social environment on aggression
Aggressive behavior is common in many species and is often adaptive because it enables individuals to gain access to limited resources. However, aggression is also highly plastic and the degree of plasticity could be influenced by factors such as resource limitation and the social environment. In this study, we examined how the effects of social experience and resource limitation could persist to affect future aggressive interactions. Using naturally inbred strains of Drosophila melanogaster that differ in aggressiveness, we manipulated the level of available resources by varying fly density (2 treatments: high and low per capita resources) and group composition by varying strain frequency (5 treatments: homogeneous strains, or mixed at 1:3, 1:1 or 3:1 ratios of the more aggressive to less aggressive strain). For each treatment group, we measured aggression before and after flies were placed through a 4-day period of fixed resources. There was no consistent effect of resource competition on aggression. Instead, changes in aggression depended on resource availability in combination with group composition. In homogeneous groups made up of only one strain, all males became more aggressive following the fixed resource period, regardless of fly density. In mixed strain treatments at high density, we observed plastic shifts in aggression of males from both strains, but the direction of plastic responses depended on social composition. Our results show that aggression may not only be influenced by the intensity of previous competitive experiences caused by resource limitation, but also through social effects caused by the composition of the group.
Data from: Resource limitation prevents the emergence of drug resistance by intensifying within-host competition
Slowing the evolution of antimicrobial resistance is essential if we are to continue to successfully treat infectious diseases. Whether a drug-resistant mutant grows to high densities, and so sickens the patient and spreads to new hosts, is determined by the competitive interactions it has with drug-susceptible pathogens within the host. Competitive interactions thus represent a good target for resistance management strategies. Using an in vivo model of malaria infection, we show that limiting a resource that is disproportionately required by resistant parasites retards the evolution of drug resistance by intensifying competitive interactions between susceptible and resistant parasites. Resource limitation prevented resistance emergence regardless of whether resistant mutants arose de novo or were experimentally added before drug treatment. Our work provides proof of principle that chemotherapy paired with an "ecological" intervention can slow the evolution of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, even when resistant pathogens are present at high frequencies. It also suggests that a broad range of previously untapped compounds could be used for treating infectious diseases.
Data from: The eco-evolutionary responses of a generalist consumer to resource competition
This article explores the combined evolutionary and ecological responses of resource uptake abilities in a generalist consumer to exploitative competition for one resource using a simple 2-resource model. It compares the sizes of ecologically and evolutionarily caused changes in population densities in cases where the original consumer has a strong or a weak trade-off in its abilities to consume the two resources. The analysis also compares the responses of the original species to competition when the competitor's population size is or is not limited by the shared resource. While divergence in resource use traits in the resident generalist consumer is expected under all scenarios when resources are substitutable, the changes in population densities of the resources and resident consumer frequently differ between scenarios. The population of the original consumer often decreases as a result of its own adaptive divergence, and this decrease is often much greater than the initial ecological decrease. If the evolving consumer has a strong trade-off, the overlapped resource increases in equilibrium population density in response to being consumed by a generalist competitor. Some of these predictions differ qualitatively in alternative scenarios involving sustained variation in population densities or nutritionally essential resources.
Data from: Mate competition and resource competition are inter-related in sexual selection
Sexual selection can be affected by the competition for limited breeding resources and/or the competition for limited mates. Although there is ample evidence for each type of competition by itself, little is known about their relative importance and interaction. To address these questions, we established 48 experimental breeding populations of the two-spotted goby (Gobiusculus flavescens), a substrate-breeding fish with paternal care. In three experimental treatments, males were limited in the access to either nest sites or mates or were provided with both nests and mates in excess. We quantified male competition behaviour (agonistic and courtship), the opportunity for selection and selection on male body size. Limited access to nests and mates produced similar opportunities for selection, but only limited access to mates increased male competitive behaviours and caused positive selection on male body size. Selection on body size in the mate-limited treatment was due both to larger males being more likely to take up nests and to larger males being more likely to mate once they had a nest. These findings demonstrate that resource and mate limitation can differ in their effects on sexual selection. The results also reveal that resource and mating competition can be highly inter-related and not always separated in time, implying that methods to disentangle the two processes must be chosen with care. Future research should consider experimental and analytical approaches similar to those of the present study in attempts to elucidate the interaction of resource and mating competition in animals.
Interplay of above- and belowground resource limitations: a competition-facilitation shift maintains species coexistence
<p>Forest ecosystems are commonly characterised by a hierarchy of resources. During a disturbance of a forest community, increased light availability in the understorey can support competitive interactions at the expense of facilitation. This may overwhelm the role of belowground resource heterogeneity in maintaining species coexistence and so result in biotic homogenisation of a site. We re-surveyed species composition while estimating interspecific interactions along a microtopographic (moisture) gradient of a temperate swamp forest after increasing the availability of light into the undergrowth. We measured temporal changes in species diversity, compositional dissimilarity measures and functional traits, while belowground resource heterogeneity remained unchanged over time. To explain observed changes in terms of prevailing interspecific interactions, we evaluated temporal changes in the competition-facilitation balance. The productivity of understorey vegetation increased strongly over the five years of the study. This was accompanied by an increase in species diversity and the maintenance of compositional dissimilarity. The relative importance of competitive and facilitative interactions along the microtopographic gradient did not change over time. Rather than an overall biotic homogenisation of a site, we observed a spread of resource acquisitive species within the resource-rich sites and of stress-tolerant species within the resource-limited sites. We have shown that the temporary increase in productivity did not mitigate the effects of belowground resource heterogeneity on plant species turnover, which is likely maintained by contrasting interspecific interactions prevalent in different parts of the resource gradient. This suggests contrasting community assembly processes maintain diversity and productivity even in a local community.</p>
Data from: Understanding resource driven female-female competition: ovary and liver size in sand gobies
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Data from: Carry-over effects of resource competition and social environment on aggression
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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