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482 results for “Digital data”
Data from: Born digital biodiversity data: millions and billions
Given the dramatic pace of change of our planet, we need rapid collection of environmental data to document how species are coping and to evaluate the impact of our conservation interventions. To address this need, new classes of 'born digital' biodiversity records are now being collected and curated many orders of magnitude faster than traditional data. In addition to the millions of citizen science observations of species that have been accumulating over the last decade, the last few years have seen a surge of sensor data, with eMammal's camera trap archive passing 600,000 photo-vouchered specimens and Movebank's animal tracking database recently passing one billion animal locations. Data from digital sensors have other advantages over visual citizen science observation in that the level of survey effort is intrinsically documented and they can preserve digital vouchers that can be used to verify species identity. These novel digital specimens are leading spatial ecology into the era of Big Data and will require a big tent of collaborating organizations to make these databases sustainable and durable. We urge institutions to recognize the future of born digital records and invest in proper curation and standards so we can make the most of these records to inform management, inspire conservation action, and tell natural history stories about life on the planet.
Going digital: Added value of electronic data collection in 2018 Afghanistan Health Survey
<p>These data were collected and analyzed to compare measures of cost efficiency, data quality and user acceptability between paper-based and digitally collected data for a nationally representative household survey in Afghanistan. </p>
Data from: Quantifying the dark data in museum fossil collections as palaeontology undergoes a second digital revolution
Large-scale analysis of the fossil record requires aggregation of palaeontological data from individual fossil localities. Prior to computers these synoptic datasets were compiled by hand, a laborious undertaking that took years of effort and forced palaeontologists to make difficult choices about what types of data to tabulate. The advent of desktop computers ushered in palaeontology's first digital revolution – online literature-based databases, such as the Paleobiology Database (PBDB). However, the published literature represents only a small proportion of the palaeontological data housed in museum collections. Although this issue has long been appreciated, the magnitude, and thus potential significance, of these so-called "dark data" has been difficult to determine. Here, in the early phases of a second digital revolution in palaeontology the digitization of museum collections – we provide an estimate of the magnitude of palaeontology's dark data. Digitization of our nine institutions' holdings of Cenozoic marine invertebrate collections from California, Oregon, and Washington in the United States reveals that they represent 23 times the number of unique localities than are currently available in the Paleobiology Database. These data, and the vast quantity of similarly untapped dark data in other museum collections, will when digitally mobilized enhance palaeontologists' ability to make inferences about the patterns and processes of past evolutionary and ecological changes.
Data from: A new digital method of data collection for spatial point pattern analysis in grassland communities
<p>A major objective of plant ecology research is to determine the underlying processes responsible for the observed spatial distribution patterns of plant species. Plants can be approximated as points in space for this purpose, and thus, spatial point pattern analysis has become increasingly popular in ecological research. The basic piece of data for point pattern analysis is a point location of an ecological object in some study region. Therefore, point pattern analysis can only be performed if data can be collected. However, due to the lack of a convenient sampling method, a few previous studies have used point pattern analysis to examine the spatial patterns of grassland species. This is unfortunate because being able to explore point patterns in grassland systems has widespread implications for population dynamics, community-level patterns and ecological processes. In this study, we develop a new method to measure individual coordinates of species in grassland communities. This method records plant growing positions via digital picture samples that have been sub-blocked within a geographical information system (GIS). Here, we tested out the new method by measuring the individual coordinates of <i>Stipa</i><i> grandis</i> in grazed and ungrazed <i>S. grandis</i> communities in a temperate steppe ecosystem in China. Furthermore, we analyzed the pattern of <i>S. grandis</i> by using the pair correlation function <i>g</i>(<i>r</i>) with both a homogeneous Poisson process and a heterogeneous Poisson process. Our results showed that individuals of <i>S. grandis</i> were overdispersed according to the homogeneous Poisson process at 0-0.16 m in the ungrazed community, while they were clustered at 0.19 m according to the homogeneous and heterogeneous Poisson processes in the grazed community. These results suggest that competitive interactions dominated the ungrazed community, while facilitative interactions dominated the grazed community. In sum, we successfully executed a new sampling method, using digital photography and a Geographical Information System, to collect experimental data on the spatial point patterns for the populations in this grassland community.</p>
Data from: Digit ratio and length asymmetry in calves' limbs
<p>This study considered possible sexual dimorphism in the relative lengths of the second, third and fourth digits (digit ratio), in calves. Furthermore, a different length of the bone structures of the third (3D) and of the fourth (4D) digits has been examined as an evolutionary adaptation to locomotion on soft ground. The length of the digital bones of the right fore-limb of 33 females and 15 male calves was measured in vivo using a portable X-ray machine. The vestigial structure of the second digit (2D), and 3D and 4D, from metacarpus to the third phalanx were considered in a mixed model, as well as some ratios between 2D and different parts of 3D or 4D (2D:3D and 2D:4D). A covariate for the mean finger length was considered for digit ratios to control for possible biases due to shape allometry. Shorter first phalanx and trotter were found in 3D than in 4D, and the reverse for the third phalanx. The 2D was significantly shorter in females, as well as the second phalanges of 3D and 4D. Significant sex differences in 2D:3D and 2D:4D were found for some digit parts of 3D and 4D and for the first phalanges of 3D:4D. These ratios were always shorter in females, in contrast to that found in most mammals. The asymmetry between 3D and 4D could mean a functional adaptation for locomotion. Sex differences in 2D:4D and 3D:4D were found, but with a reverse pattern than in most mammal species (males > females rather than males < females). In this regard digit ratio in calves was similar to that of Old World monkeys. This study is the first investigation of digit ratio in Ungulates, whose limbs differ from the limbs of most Mammals, maintaining five digits. The reverse pattern of sex differences (digit ratios: males > females) could be due to the peculiar nature of the vestigial dewclaw of 2D and to the hormone patterns acting on this digit during development, but further research is required around this topic.</p>
A comparative usability analysis of eye-tracking and mouse click data taken from digital libraries
<p>This dataset is the result of a study, in which we analyzed parallels and differences between clicks as well as eye movements on two different digital library homepages. For this analysis we used diverse tracking tools for mouse clicks and eye tracking data that where further studied with respect to specific areas of interest (AOI). </p> <p>The dataset contains two screenshots indicating the areas of interest (AOIs; entitled “AreasOfInterest_Kartenportal.jpg and AreasOfInterest_Webportal.jpg), which separate the homepages into analyzable parts. It also contains eight screenshots of the homepages containing the total amount of collected clicks (each name starting with “clicks”) and two screenshots with the eye tracking heat maps (starting with “Heatmap”). The screenshots have directly been extracted from the click and eye tracking tools and matched with the before mentioned AOIs in order to gain the total count of clicks and views as well as the view duration the concerned area.</p> <p>All data are synthesized in a document containing three sheets with different tables: a first one with the initial data compilation for all AOIs of the two analyzed homepages (entitled “Data”), a second one with a more visual compiled data analysis for both homepages and all AOIs (entitled “Data2) and last one with the duration of the view as well as the duration of the fixation and the compiled click data (entitled « Eye tracking study data »).</p>
Data on digitalization in Indonesian provinces
<p>Data on digitalization in Indonesian provinces is the collection of the data for variables affecting the level of digitalization in Indonesian provinces measured by the use of Indonesian Digital Society Index. </p>
Digital research data from: Evaluation of a pH- and time-dependent model for the sorption of heavy metal cations by poultry litter-derived biochar
<p>This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript, Evaluation of a pH- and time-dependent model for the sorption of heavy metal cations by poultry litter-derived biochar. Chemosphere (2024), 347, 140688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140688. </p> <p>Common isotherm and kinetic models cannot describe the pH-dependent sorption of heavy metal cations by biochar. In this paper, we evaluated a pH-dependent, equilibrium/kinetic model for describing the sorption of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) by poultry litter-derived biochar (PLB). We performed sorption experiments across a range of solution pH, initial metal concentration, and reaction time. </p>
Supplementary digital data for "Widespread contamination of soils and vegetation with Current Use Pesticide residues along altitudinal gradients in a European Alpine valley"
<p>Supplementary digital data for the publication:</p> <p>Widespread contamination of soils and vegetation with Current Use Pesticide residues along altitudinal gradients in a European Alpine valley</p> <p>Data that was no publicly available but is used for Figure 1 - 3 in the manuscript is provided in this repository in addition to the raw data describing the occurrence in plant and soil matrices throughout the Vinschgau valley along the altitudinal transects.</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Information accessibility, accounting manipulation, and sustainable development of digital enterprises: Based on double moderating effect model and panel PSM-DID method
<p>A theoretical mechanism was analyzed from the micro perspective of the enterprise to explore how information accessibility moderates the effect of accounting manipulation on the sustainable development of digital enterprises. Using data from 1200 listing digital enterprises in China and the DEA-Malmquist index method, the efficiency value of digital enterprises in 2007–2021 was estimated to represent the index of sustainable development of digital enterprises. The accounting manipulation was detected using the panel PSM-DID method based on the Administrative Measures for the Recognition of High-tech Enterprise's policy. The information accessibility value was estimated based on the MDA method. Empirical studies were conducted using text analysis, the panel PSM-DID method, and the double moderating effect model. The results showed that: (1) Accounting manipulation had a negative impact on the sustainable development of "true" digital enterprises and the "fake" digital enterprises; (2) Information accessibility directly and positively enhanced the technological progress and scale efficiency of digital enterprises, and its moderating effect was heterogeneous, with a significant moderating effect on the "true" digital enterprises and a negative effect on the "fake" ones.</p>
Data from: Digital PCR quantification of ultrahigh ERBB2 copy number identifies poor breast cancer survival after trastuzumab
<p>HER2/ERBB2 evaluation is necessary for treatment decision-making in breast cancer (BC), however current methods have limitations and considerable variability exists. DNA copy number (CN) evaluation by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has complementary advantages for HER2/ERBB2 diagnostics. In this study, we developed a single-reaction multiplex ddPCR assay for determination of ERBB2 CN in reference to two control regions, CEP17 and a copy-number-stable region of chr. 2p13.1, validated CN estimations to clinical in situ hybridization (ISH) HER2 status, and investigated the association of ERBB2 CN with clinical outcomes. 909 primary BC tissues were evaluated and the area under the curve for concordance to HER2 status was 0.93 and 0.96 for ERBB2 CN using either CEP17 or 2p13.1 as reference, respectively. The accuracy of ddPCR ERBB2 CN was 93.7% and 94.1% in the training and validation groups, respectively. Positive and negative predictive value for the classic HER2 amplification and non-amplification groups was 97.2% and 94.8%, respectively. An identified biological "ultrahigh" ERBB2 ddPCR CN group had significantly worse survival within patients treated with adjuvant trastuzumab for both recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio, HR: 3.3; 95% CI 1.1–9.6; <em>p</em> = 0.031, multivariable Cox regression) and overall survival (HR: 3.6; 95% CI 1.1–12.6; <em>p</em> = 0.041). For validation using RNA-seq data as a surrogate, in a population-based SCAN-B cohort (NCT02306096) of 682 consecutive patients receiving adjuvant trastuzumab, the ultrahigh-ERBB2 mRNA group had significantly worse survival. Multiplex ddPCR is useful for ERBB2 CN estimation and ultrahigh ERBB2 may be a predictive factor for decreased long-term survival after trastuzumab treatment.</p>
Digitization Workflow for Data Mining in Production Technology applied to a Feed Axis of a CNC Milling Machine
<p>Dataset accompanying the publication "Digitization Workflow for Data Mining in Production Technology<br>applied to a Feed Axis of a CNC Milling Machine" (<a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.01.017" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.01.017</span></a>).</p>
Dataset Scooping review digital platforms and data management in Education
<p>Dataset used for a scoping review about digital platforms and data management in education</p>
Digital Twin or Digital Model: An Analysis of Definitions along the Product Lifecycle - Research data
<p>This research data contains the statements of the authors Grieves, Stark and Tao with regard to selected characteristics of Digital Twins. According to these statements different case studies along the product life cycle are classified as Digital Twin or Digital Model.</p> <p>Version 2 added a change in characteristic 2.</p>
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation models, data points, radiocarbon dates, and geochemical data for the Rub' al Khali Desert
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Human face-off: a new method for mapping evolutionary rates on three-dimensional digital models
<p>Modern phylogenetic comparative methods allow estimating evolutionary rates of phenotypic change, how these rates differ across clades, and assessing whether the rate remained constant over time. Unfortunately, currently available phylogenetic comparative tools express the rate in terms of a scalar dimension, hence they do not allow us to determine rate variations among different parts of a single, complex phenotype, or charting of realized rate variation directly onto the phenotype. Herein, we present a new method which allows the mapping of evolutionary rate variation directly on three-dimensional phenotypes, informing on the direction and magnitude of trait change automatically.</p> <p>This new method, implemented by the function rate.map embedded in the R package 'RRphylo', is based on phylogenetic ridge regression rate estimates. Since the latter represent ridge regression slopes, they possess sign and magnitude. In 'RRphylo', different rates are calculated for different districts of the phenotype, which can then be visualized directly onto the phenotype itself. We present the application of rate.map to the evolution of facial skeleton in Hominoidea (the clade including living and fossil apes), the primate clade inclusive of Homo and the greater apes. We found that the highly derived, unique shape of the face in modern humans evolved through rapid phenotypic changes affecting the nasal bones, the brow ridge and the maxillary region. The canine fossa, a facial feature unique to Homo sapiens, did not belong to a region of rapid phenotypic change, and could be seen as the by-product of midface evolution as suggested by previous studies.</p>
A formative usability study of workflow management systems in label-free digital pathology - Data and Code
<p>This repository holds the necessary data and code as well as a descriptive Readme file that was used for our publication "A formative usability study of workflow management systems in label-free digital pathology" by Markus Jelonek et al. (2022), submitted to F1000Research.</p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>We present a formative usability study that investigates the usability of different<br> workflow management systems in the field of biomedical data analysis. Specifically, we study a task in the field of so-called label-free digital pathology and investigate one graphical user interface based workflow and one script-based workflow to solve the task. Our main intention is to gain first insights into the systematic study of usability in the context of biomedical image analysis, and formulate experiences and guidelines for future usability studies dealing with workflow management systems. Embedded in a specific setup dealing with label-free digital pathology, the core question behind our contribution is how usability studies for scientific workflow management can be conducted, and how they can be used systematically to improve such tools. Further, we address specific questions about the resource utilisation and management of usability studies, including the recruitment of participants as well as the design of specific workflows to be investigated.</p>
Data Augmentation for learning mechanical digital twins of voids in welding joints
<p>In Source-2_Data_Augmentation:</p> <p>Exercice1_augmentation.ipynb Jupyter Notebook for data warpping of defect images.</p> <p>Exercice2_augmentation_multimodale.ipynb Jupyter Notebook for multimodal data augmentaion (defect images and mechanical fields) via oversampling</p> <p>Exercice3_clustering.ipynb Data clustering using the k-medoids algorithm applied to mechanical dissimilarity of the defects.</p> <p>k_medoids.py is a python code of a kmedoids algorithm.</p> <p>in Data:</p> <p>All_images.npy (numpy file) contains the defect images.</p> <p>All_Stresses.npy (numpy) contains mechanical fields, All_Stresses[k,i,j,ic,it] is the instance number k of the component ic of the Cauchy stress tensor at time it. The mechanical problem is decribed in <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5802/crmeca.51">⟨10.5802/crmeca.51⟩</a>. <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03113503">⟨hal-03113503⟩.</a></p> <p>New_images_1.npy and New_Stresses_1.npy are augmented data for k=1.</p> <p>New_images_87.npy and New_Stresses_87.npy are augmented data for k=87.</p> <p>Dissimilarity_Stress.npy is the Frobenius norm of the distances between stress tensors (All_Stresses.npy).</p> <p> </p>
African Red Slip Ware Digital (ARS3D) - Comparison-Data
<p>Characteristic of the North African bowls, plates, and jugs are their pictorial decorations applied mainly by appliqués and stamps. As mass-produced image carriers and everyday objects, the ARS spread throughout the empire.</p> <p>The range of motifs includes mythological scenes as well as scenes from the Old and New Testament, circus, arena and hunting scenes as well as fish and plant motifs. The appliqués-decorated pottery thus provides insights into Late Antique imagination and its changes, as well as into the economic history of the period between the 3rd and 5th centuries AD in North Africa.</p> <p>Previous documentation methods were not able to capture the objects and their decoration in an adequate way. The digital recording of the RGZM's collections by 3D scans allows to compare potentially identical appliqués and to assign them to their negative forms and the corresponding stamps.</p> <p>Whereas vessel curvature previously falsified the assignment of appliqués and models, 3D analysis and visualisation tools now allow a comparison . Metadata created for each object increases the effectiveness and accuracy of determining image context and content. Issues related to the production of the ARS and the process flows within the workshops can be investigated through the analysis of the 3D data.</p> <p>The developed ontology uses CIDOC CRM and various extensions. The data mainly consists of objects (E24), on which e.g. applications (features, E25) can be found. These objects can be described semantically, e.g. by the shape or time epoch. Features are described with observations, e.g. a human type man standing and wearing a beard. These observations lead to interpretations whose arguments can be observations.</p>
Data from: a physics-based digital twin for model predictive control of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle landing
<p>This paper proposes a two-level, data-driven, digital twin concept for the autonomous landing of aircraft, under some assumptions. It features a digital twin instance for model predictive control; and an innovative, real-time, digital twin prototype for fluid-structure interaction and flight dynamics to inform it. The latter digital twin is based on the linearization about a pre-designed glideslope trajectory of a high-fidelity, viscous, nonlinear computational model for flight dynamics; and its projection onto a low-dimensional approximation subspace to achieve real-time performance, while maintaining accuracy. Its main purpose is to predict in real-time, during flight, the state of an aircraft and the aerodynamic forces and moments acting on it. Unlike static lookup tables or regression-based surrogate models based on steady-state wind tunnel data, the aforementioned real-time digital twin prototype allows the digital twin instance for model predictive control to be informed by a truly dynamic flight model, rather than a less accurate set of steady-state aerodynamic force and moment data points. The paper describes in detail the construction of the proposed two-level digital twin concept and its verification by numerical simulation. It also reports on its preliminary flight validation in autonomous mode for an off-the-shelf unmanned aerial vehicle instrumented at Stanford University.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.