Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
560
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
560 results for “Direct effects”
Direct and indirect effects of native plants and herbivores on biotic resistance to alien aquatic plant invasions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Direct and indirect effects of fire on microbial communities in a pyrodiverse dry-sclerophyll forest
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Positive indirect effects outweigh negative direct effects of ungulate grazers on population growth of a grassland herb
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Direct and indirect effects of food, fear and management on crop damage by ungulates
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Direct and indirect effects of management and landscape on biological pest control and crop pest infestation in apple orchards
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Changes in species composition mediate direct effects of climate change on future fire regimes of boreal forests in northeastern China
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Trophic rewilding benefits a tropical community through direct and indirect network effects
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Direct and indirect effects of pesticide exposure on farmland raptor gut microbiota
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Direct and indirect effects of urbanization, pesticides, and wild insect pollinators on mango yield
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Direct effects and prey-mediated effects of global change in projections of early life stages of pelagic predators
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Direct and indirect effects of forest structure and management on insects and bats
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Disentangling direct from indirect effects of habitat disturbance on multiple components of biodiversity
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Direct and indirect effects of increased bedload on algal and detrital-based stream food webs at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1997 to 1999: Tile/ sediment addition experiment, Summer 1997; Chlorophyll, AFDM, inorganics (days 5-40)
Anthropogenic sedimentation poses a significant threat to stream ecosystems throughout the world. Increases in bedload (sediment transported and deposited on the stream bottom) can be especially detrimental for benthic communities. To examine how increased bedload directly and indirectly affects stream communities, we simultaneously manipulated sediment and top-down effects of macroconsumers (fishes and crayfish) in situ in two factorial experiments, one using tiles and one using leaf packs as sampling substrates. Bedload was increased by adding small amounts of sediment (2.5 x normal levels) to localized areas (0.25 m2) of an otherwise unimpacted stream. This increase in bedload had direct effects on basal resources in both the tile and leaf pack experiments. In the tile experiment algal composition was altered by sediment addition, while in the leaf pack experiment fungal biomass declined with sediment.
Signalling adjustments to direct and indirect environmental effects on signal perception in meerkats
<p><span>The efficiency of communication between animals is determined by the perception range of signals. With changes in the environment, signal transmission between a sender and a receiver can be affected both directly, where the signal's propagation quality itself is affected, and indirectly, where for example the spacing between signaller and receiver is impacted. Here we investigated how meerkats (<i>Suricata suricatta</i>) in the Kalahari Desert adjust to these challenges in the context of maintaining group cohesion through contact calls. We found that meerkats changed their calling rate when signal transmission was affected indirectly due to increased dispersion of group members as during a drought, but not under typical wet conditions, when signal transmission was directly affected due to higher vegetation density. Instead under these wetter conditions, meerkats remained within proximity to each other. Overall, both direct and indirect environmental effects on signal perception resulted in an increased probability of groups splitting. In conclusion, we provide evidence that social animals can flexibly adjust their vocal coordination behaviour to cope with direct and indirect effects of the environment on signal perception, but that these adjustments have limitations. </span></p>
Direct and indirect effects of island size and wave exposure on shoreline arthropod diversity
<p><u>Aim</u>: Available theories suggest that the species number increases with island size, but the relationship between island size and species density, the number of species per unit area, is less understood. Moreover, mechanisms connecting island size and species density are not always evident because small and large islands differ in physical characteristics other than island size. The purpose here was to disentangle direct and indirect effects of island size and wave exposure on the species density of arthropods from herb-dominated shore habitats.</p> <p><u>Location</u>: Islands in the Stockholm Archipelago, Sweden</p> <p><u>Taxon</u>: Spiders (Araneae) and beetles (Coleoptera)</p> <p><u>Methods</u>: We collected spiders and beetles on vegetated shores on islands of varying sizes, and used structural equation models to disentangle direct and indirect island size and wave exposure effects on species density.</p> <p><u>Results</u>: Island size affected diversity of web-building spiders, predatory beetles and other beetles (detritivores and omnivores), direct and indirectly. Indirect effects arose because large islands have more trees and steeper slopes than small islands, both of which affected species occurrence. Because height above the sea level reduces the effect of wave exposure, there were effects of these variables on the forest cover and on the diversity of web-building spiders. Finally, surrounding forest cover and diversity of flowering plants within sites increased diversity of herbivore beetles and cursorial spiders, likely because these sites provide more diverse resources.</p> <p><u>Main conclusions</u>: The result that predictors for species density vary between functional groups, with mechanisms that may or may not relate to island size, suggest potential developments in island biogeography theories. Future studies of island size effects should also attempt to quantify indirect effects, and not only total effects.</p>
Separating direct and indirect effects of rising temperatures on biogenic volatile emissions in the Arctic
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released from biogenic sources in a temperature-dependent manner. Consequently, Arctic ecosystems are expected to greatly increase their VOC emissions with ongoing climate warming, which is proceeding at twice the rate of global temperature rise. Here, we show that ongoing warming has strong, increasing effects on Arctic VOC emissions. Using a combination of statistical modelling on data from several warming experiments in the Arctic tundra and dynamic ecosystem modelling, we separate the impacts of temperature and soil moisture into direct effects and indirect effects through vegetation composition and biomass alterations. The indirect effects of warming on VOC emissions were significant, but smaller than the direct effects. Furthermore, vegetation changes also cause shifts in the chemical speciation of the emissions. Both direct and indirect effects result in large geographic differences in VOC emission responses in the warming Arctic, depending on the local vegetation cover and the climate dynamics. Our results outline complex links between local climate, vegetation, and ecosystem-atmosphere interactions, with likely local-to-regional impacts on the atmospheric composition.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Experimental warming influences species abundances in a Drosophila host community through direct effects on species performance rather than altered competition and parasitism
<p>Current global warming trends are expected to have direct effects on species through their sensitivity to temperature, as well as on their biotic interactions, with cascading indirect effects on species, communities, and entire ecosystems. To predict the community-level consequences of global change we need to understand the relative roles of both the direct and indirect effects of warming. We used a laboratory experiment to investigate how warming affects a tropical community of three species of <em>Drosophila</em> hosts interacting with two species of parasitoids over a single generation. Our experimental design allowed us to distinguish between the direct effects of temperature on host species performance, and indirect effects through altered biotic interactions (competition among hosts and parasitism by parasitoid wasps). Although experimental warming significantly decreased parasitism for all host-parasitoid pairs, the effects of parasitism and competition on host communities did not vary across temperatures. Instead, effects on host relative abundances were species-specific, with one host species dominating the community at warmer temperatures, independently of parasitism and competition treatments. Our results show that temperature shaped a <em>Drosophila </em>host community directly through differences in species’ thermal performance, and not via its influences on biotic interactions.</p>
Effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with chronic hepatitis C after direct-acting antiviral treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
<p><b>Background: </b>Replacement of vitamin D (VD) among patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) before viral eradication has demonstrated a protective effect on serum markers associated with hepatic fibrogenesis. We therefore hypothesized that VD may facilitate further fibrosis amelioration following curative treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAA). </p> <p><b>Methods: </b>This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted between February 2018 and August 2018. Patients with CHC and VD deficiency were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either receive ergicalciferol or placebo over 6 weeks. Biochemical analysis indicators, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), fibrogenic markers [(transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1)], and fibrolytic markers [matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and amino terminal type III procollagen peptide (P3NP)], were assessed at baseline and at 6 weeks. Serum 25(OH)D was analyzed by a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Serum hepatic fibrogenesis markers were measured using a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Seventy-five patients with CHC and VD deficiency were randomly assigned to VD (n=37) and placebo (n=38) groups. At the end of the study, the mean serum 25(OH)D level had risen to a normal level in the VD group, but was still deficient in the placebo group (41.8±9.1 vs. 18.1±4.6 ng/mL, p<0.001). Upon restoration of the VD level, there were no significant mean differences in the change from baseline for TGF-β1 (-0.6 ng/mL (95% confidence interval (95%CI) -2.8 – 1.7), p=0.63), TIMP-1 (-5.5 ng/mL (95%CI -26.4 – 15.3), p=0.60), MMP-9 (122.9 ng/mL (95%CI -69.0 – 314.8), p=0.21), and P3NP (-0.1 ng/mL (95%CI -2.4 – 2.2), p=0.92) between the VD and placebo groups. </p> <p><b>Conclusion: </b>Short-term VD supplementation after DAA treatment in patients with CHC does not improve serum fibrogenesis markers and may not expedite the residual liver fibrosis healing process. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the long-term effect of VD supplementation on hepatic fibrosis regression.</p>
Data from: The effect of atomoxetine on random and directed exploration in humans
The adaptive regulation of the trade-off between pursuing a known reward (exploitation) and sampling lesser-known options in search of something better (exploration) is critical for optimal performance. Theory and recent empirical work suggest that humans use at least two strategies for solving this dilemma: a directed strategy in which choices are explicitly biased toward information seeking, and a random strategy in which decision noise leads to exploration by chance. Here we examined the hypothesis that random exploration is governed by the neuromodulatory locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system. We administered atomoxetine, a norepinephrine transporter blocker that increases extracellular levels of norepinephrine throughout the cortex, to 22 healthy human participants in a double-blind crossover design. We examined the effect of treatment on performance in a gambling task designed to produce distinct measures of directed exploration and random exploration. In line with our hypothesis we found an effect of atomoxetine on random, but not directed exploration. However, contrary to expectation, atomoxetine reduced rather than increased random exploration. We speculate that our results may be due to interactions with other neuromodulators that are also affected by atomoxetine, or that the reduction in random exploration was driven by a drug-related increase in phasic norepinephrine activity rather than in baseline norepinephrine levels.
Data from: Crown asymmetry in high latitude forests: disentangling the directional effects of tree competition and solar radiation
Light foraging by trees is a fundamental process shaping forest communities. In heterogeneous light environments this behavior is expressed as plasticity of tree growth and the development of structural asymmetries. We studied the relative influence of neighborhood structure and directional solar radiation on horizontal asymmetry of tree crowns in late-successional high latitude (67–68°N) forests in northern Fennoscandia. We described crown asymmetries as crown vectors (i.e. horizontal vectors from stem center to crown center), which we obtained from canopy maps based on crown perimeter measurements in the field. To disentangle the influence of the two main determinants, inter-tree competition and directionality of above-canopy solar radiation at high latitudes, we applied circular statistical models, utilizing cylindrical distributions, to these data consisting of orientations and intensities of crown asymmetry. At the individual tree level, our model predicted crown asymmetry vectors from the current stand structure, and the predictions became better when the intensity of asymmetry (i.e. crown vector length) was higher. Competition was the main determinant of crown asymmetry for 2/3 of trees, and the model predictions improved when we incorporated the directionality of solar radiation. At the stand-level, these asymmetries had resulted in a small increment of the projected canopy area and an increased regularity of spatial structure. Our circular statistical modelling approach provided a quantitative evaluation of the relative importance of directionality of solar radiation and neighborhood stand structure, showing how both of these factors play a role in formation of crown asymmetries in high latitude forests. This approach further demonstrated the applicability of circular statistical modeling in ecological studies where the response variable has both orientation and intensity.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.