Find research datasets worth reusing

opennotspecifiedFeb 2020View details →

Fig. 1 in Antennomere numbers in fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): unique patterns and tentative explanations

Fig. 1. Antennal diversity of fireflies is remarkable both in shape and in antennomere numbers. AeF: Diversity of shapes of 11-jointed antennae: A, filiform (Photuris femoralis); B, serrate (Lucidota atra); C, serrate and uniflabellate, flabella compressed along the major axis of antenna (Scissicauda disjuncta); D, filiform and uniflabellate, flabella compressed perpendicular to major axis of antenna (Cladodes illigeri); E, biflabellate and symmetric (Roleta sp.); F, biflabellate and asymmetric (Lucio blattinum). Arrow points one of the smaller branches. GeJ: Diversity of shapes of antennae with numbers other than 11. G, filiform (Microphotus angustus, 9 antennomeres); H, petaliform (Petalacmis sp., 9 antennomeres); I, uniflabellate (Amydetes fastigiata, 35); J, biflabellate (Araucariocladus hiems, 18 antennomeres). f: flagellum, p: pedicel, s: scape. Sources: A: Souto et al. (2019); C: Silveira et al. (2016); D: Silveira et al. (2015); I: Silveira & Mermudes (2014).

dryad32/100

Inhibition of firefly luciferase activity by a HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor

<p>The three hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) 1–3 enzymes confer oxygen sen-sitivity to the HIF pathway and are novel therapeutic targets for treatment of renal anemia. Inhibition of thePHDs may further be beneficial in other hypoxia-associated diseases, including ischemia and chronic in-flammation. Several pharmacologic PHD inhibitors (PHIs) are available, but our understanding of their selectivity and its chemical basis is limited.We here report that the PHI JNJ-42041935 (JNJ-1935) is structurally similar to the firefly luciferase substrate D-luciferin. Our results demonstrate that JNJ-1935 is a novel inhibitor of firefly luciferase enzymatic activity. In contrast, the PHIs FG-4592 (roxadustat) and FG-2216 (ICA,BIQ,IOX3,YM311) did not affect firefly luciferase. The JNJ-1935 mode of inhibition is competitive with a Ki of 1.36 μM. D-luciferin did not inhibit the PHDs, despite its structural similarity to JNJ-1935. This study provides insights into a previously unknown JNJ-1935 off-target effect as well as into the chemical requirements for firefly luciferase and PHD inhibitors and may inform the development of novel compounds targeting these enzymes.</p>

opencc-zeroOct 2020View details →

FIGURES 14, 15 in Description of the larva of a firefly species, Pygoluciola dunguna Nada (Coleoptera Lampyridae)

FIGURES 14, 15. Pygoluciola dunguna larvae dorsal (14) and right lateral (15). Scale lines are 2 mm.

FIGURES 2–5 in Description of the larva of a firefly species, Pygoluciola dunguna Nada (Coleoptera Lampyridae)

FIGURES 2–5. Pygoluciola dunguna larvae (B19[1]) dorsal surfaces of thoracic and abdominal terga 1‾8 (2), right lateral last three complete abdominal segments (3), right antenna (4), head dorsal (5). Figure legend: I, II, III thoracic segments; 1 ‾8 abdominal segments. Scale line FIGURE 2–3: 1 mm; FIGURE 4-5: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Description of the larva of a firefly species, Pygoluciola dunguna Nada (Coleoptera Lampyridae)

FIGURE 1. (a) Larval-adult association of Pygoluciola dunguna. This clustering analysis shows that larval, female and male specimens of Pygo. dunguna are identical and this species forms its own cluster when the sequences were analysed together with five common firefly species in Malaysia. (b) Locations of Pygo. dunguna in Peninsular Malaysia (points representing four mountains located on the western region of the Banjaran Titiwangsa Mountain Range and six Forest Reserves located in State of Terengganu). (c) Specimens of Pygo. dunguna male, female and larva.

FIGURES 6–11 in Description of the larva of a firefly species, Pygoluciola dunguna Nada (Coleoptera Lampyridae)

FIGURES 6–11. Pygoluciola dunguna larvae. Right lateral view of protergum with median longitudinal line and without pegs (6); thoracic and abdominal terga showing line of pegs (7–11): 7. Mesothoracic (to right) metathoracic and first abdominal terga; 8. Abdominal tergum 2; 9. Abdominal terga 3, 4; 10. Abdominal tergum 5; 11. Abdominal tergum 6 (to right) and 7, with 8 to the left of the picture. Scale lines are 1 mm.

FIGURE 17 in Description of the larva of a firefly species, Pygoluciola dunguna Nada (Coleoptera Lampyridae)

FIGURE 17. Pygoluciola dunguna larva crawling on surface of sandy edge of shallow stream suggesting riparian rather than aquatic behaviour.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: Short- and mid-wavelength artificial light influences the flash signals of Aquatica ficta fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Urbanization can radically disrupt natural ecosystems through alteration of the sensory environment. Habitat disturbances are predicted to favor behaviorally flexible species capable of adapting to altered environments. When artificial light at night (ALAN) is introduced into urban areas, it has the potential to impede reproduction of local firefly populations by obscuring their bioluminescent courtship signals. Whether individual fireflies can brighten their signals to maintain visibility against an illuminated background remains unknown. In this study, we exposed male Aquatica ficta fireflies to diffused light of varying wavelength and intensity, and recorded their alarm flash signals. When exposed to wavelengths at or below 533 nm, males emitted brighter signals with decreased frequency. This is the first evidence of individual-level light signal plasticity in fireflies. In contrast, long wavelength ambient light (≥ 597 nm) did not affect signal morphology, likely because A. ficta cannot perceive these wavelengths. These results suggest long wavelength lighting is less likely to impact firefly courtship, and its use in place of broad spectrum white lighting could augment firefly conservation efforts. More generally, this study demonstrates benefits of bioluminescent signal plasticity in a "noisy" signaling environment, and sheds light on an important yet understudied consequence of urbanization.

dryad32/100

Data from: The evolution of adult light emission color in North American fireflies

Firefly species (Lampyridae) vary in the color of their adult bioluminescence. It has been hypothesized that color is selected to enhance detection by conspecifics. One mechanism to improve visibility of the signal is to increase contrast against ambient light. High contrast implies that fireflies active early in the evening will emit yellower luminescence to contrast against ambient light reflected from green vegetation, especially in habitats with high vegetation cover. Another mechanism to improve visibility is to use reflection off the background to enhance the light signal. Reflectance predicts that sedentary females will produce greener light to maximize reflection off the green vegetation on which they signal. To test these predictions, we recorded over 7500 light emission spectra and determined peak emission wavelength for 675 males, representing 24 species, at 57 field sites across the Eastern United States. We found support for both hypotheses: males active early in more vegetated habitats produced yellower flashes in comparison to later-active males with greener flashes. Further, in 2 of the 8 species with female data, female light emissions were significantly greener as compared to males.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Figure 5 in Natural history of the fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) - one of the 'hottest' firefly spots on Earth, with a key to genera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Figure 5. Diversity of Photurinae fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos. A – Bicellonycha albilatera, B – Bicellonycha tenuicornis, C – Photuris velox, D – Photuris elliptica, E – Photuris femoralis (modified from Souto et al. 2019), F – Photuris lugubris, G – Pyrogaster moestus, H – Pyrogaster lunifer, I – Pyrogaster vestitus, J – Pyrogaster elongatior, K – Pyrogaster aureus, L – Pyrogaster angustatus, M – Pyrogaster nigrolineatus, N – Pyrogaster telephorinus, O – Pyrogaster margipallens, P – Pyrogaster atrocinctus, Q – Pyrogaster coxalis. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figure 2 in Natural history of the fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) - one of the 'hottest' firefly spots on Earth, with a key to genera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Figure 2. Regional climate at the study area is marked by a warm season between October‒April, and a cool season between May‒September. Lines represent the monthly mean, and the shaded area represents the range between the monthly maximum and minimum, from 2007–2017. Inter-annual variation in precipitation is higher in the warm than in the cool season. Data were obtained from an automated weather station at the PNSO at 991 m, Latitude: −22.448922º, Longitude: −42.987146º.

Figure 3 in Natural history of the fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) - one of the 'hottest' firefly spots on Earth, with a key to genera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Figure 3. Diversity of fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos, including Amydetinae, Psilocladinae, Lampyrinae, and Incertae sedis taxa. A – Amydetes fastigiata, B – Magnoculus obscurus, C – Cladodes pauper, D – Cladodes illigeri, E – Cladodes stellata, F – Vesta thoracica, G – Araucariocladus hiems (modified from Silveira and Mermudes 2017), H – Psilocladus grandis, I – Psilocladus sigillatus, J – Psilocladus pulcher, K – Scissicauda disjuncta (modified from Silveira et al. 2016a), L – Ethra axillaris, M – Ethra marginata, N – Ethra addita, O – Ethra inculta. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figure 4 in Natural history of the fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) - one of the 'hottest' firefly spots on Earth, with a key to genera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Figure 4. Diversity of Lampyrinae fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos. A – Aspisoma sticticum, B – Aspisoma lineatum, C – Aspisoma pallens, D – Cratomorphus besckei, E – Cratomorphus cossyphinus (modified from Campos et al. 2018), F – Cratomorphus splendidus, G – Cratomorphus distinctus, H – Lucernuta savignii (modified from Silveira et al. 2019), I – Lychnacris flabellata subopaca, J – Phaenolis basalis, K – Luciuranus takiyae (modified from Silveira et al. 2018), L – Luciuranus desideratus (modified from Silveira et al. in 2018), M – Luciuranus josephi (modified from Silveira et al. 2016b), N – Luciuranus jameshooki (modified from Silveira et al. 2016b), O – Lucidota flabellicornis, P – Lucidota tricolor, Q – Photinus infuscatus, R – Photinus laticollis, S – Macrolampis varicollis, T – Photinus succensus, U – Photinus augustalisi, V – Macrolampis frater, W – Photinus nodieri, X – Ybytyramoan praeclarum (modified from Silveira and Mermudes 2014b), Y – Ybytyramoan diasi (modified from Silveira and Mermudes 2014b), Z – Ybytyramoan monteirorum (modified from Silveira and Mermudes 2014b). Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figure 1 in Natural history of the fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) - one of the 'hottest' firefly spots on Earth, with a key to genera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Figure 1. The Serra dos Órgãos National Park (blue) and the Guapiaçu Ecological Reserve (red), in the Rio de Janeiro State (Southeastern Brazil) are protected areas within the domains of the Serra do Mar Mountain Range (green), Southeastern Brazil.

opennotspecifiedDec 2007View details →

FIGURE 5. A bifurcating schematic separating species that show a in Description of Luciola aquatilis sp. nov., a new aquatic firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae) from Thailand

FIGURE 5. A bifurcating schematic separating species that show a resemblance to L. aquatilis based on the related 11 species that possess linear elytral punctation.

opennotspecifiedDec 2007View details →

FIGURE 3 in Description of Luciola aquatilis sp. nov., a new aquatic firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae) from Thailand

FIGURE 3. Aedeagal sheath of L. aquatilis, distal tip oriented down, (a) dorsal, (b) ventral, (c) lateral.