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Figure 7 in What can goby otolith morphology tell us?

Figure 7. – PCA of the studied Pomatoschistus species and genera and †Pomatoschistus sp. based on all 23 otolith variables.

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Figure 2 in A first record of the vanishing silhouette goby Silhouettea evanida (Gobiidae) in Indonesian waters

Figure 2. – Living specimens of Silhouettea evanida caught in Sembilang River, Banyuasin district, South Sumatra province, Indonesia. A Dorsal view; B: Female, 22 mm SL; C: Male, 20 mm SL.

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Figure 1 in A first record of the vanishing silhouette goby Silhouettea evanida (Gobiidae) in Indonesian waters

Figure 1. – Map showing location of Silhouettea evanida in Sembilang River, Banyuasin district, South Sumatra province, Indonesia.

Fig. 9 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 9. Drawings of transverse section at the level of P4 antero-buccal root of two Recent crocidurine species (A, B), and reconstruction of the rostrum shape of Shargainosorex angustirostris gen. et sp. nov. (C). A. Crocidura suaveolens (Pallas, 1811) (ZISP 83089). B. Sylvisorex johnstoni (Dobson, 1887) (MNHN 1991-96). C. Combined drawings of the maxilla fragment. Correlation between h (height of rostrum) and w (width of rostrum between lateral sides of antero-buccal root of P4, via top point of the palatine arch) is approximately stable (at least for small-sized crocidurine shrews), and can be expressed by the formula h = w/x, where x = constant.

Fig. 8 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 8. Comparison of the alveoli of crocidosoricine shrews Miosorex pusilliformis (Doben-Florin, 1964) (A, B), and Miosorex desnoyersianus (Lartet, 1851) (C). A. BSP 10607 (paratype) from Wintershof-West, Germany, MN3, early Miocene; right dentary fragment (from Doben-Florin 1964: 89, pl. 3: 1a). B. SMNS#44716_B3 from Stubersheim 3, Germany, MN3–4, early Miocene; right dentary fragment (from Ziegler 1989: 67, pl. 3: 7b). C. FSL 66225 from Sansan, France, MN6, middle Miocene; right dentary fragment (from Engesser 2009: 21, fig. 11C). Dashed line, reconstructed anterior half of m1; grey areas, alveoli and foramina opening. Optical photograph (A1), SEM photograph (B1), explanatory drawings (A2, B2, C).

Fig. 7 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 7. Number and relative position of the lower antemolar alveoli of crocidosoricine shrew Shargainosorex angustirostris gen. et sp. nov. from middle Miocene Sharga 2 locality, Mongolia. A. ZISP 104324/1098 (paratype), longitudinal (parasagittal) section of the left dentary fragment in buccal view. B. ZISP 104324/1002 (paratype), right dentary fragment (mirrored) in occlusal (B1) and buccal (B2) views.

Fig. 6 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 6. Tooth pigmentation of crocidosoricine shrew Shargainosorex angustirostris gen. et sp. nov. from middle Miocene Sharga 2 locality, Mongolia. A. ZISP 104324/1080 (paratype), right M1 (mirrored), with pigmentation of main cusps, in occlusal view. B. ZISP 104325/1121, right dentary fragment mirrored) in buccal view. C.ZISP 104324/1069 (paratype), right A3 in occlusal view. D. ZISP 104324/1055 (paratype), left maxilla in occlusal view. E. ZISP 104324/1068 (paratype), right I1 (mirrored) in buccal view. F. ZISP 104323 (holotype), left dentary fragment in buccal view. Dashed lines (C, D, F) indicate supposed pigment parts. Optical photographs (A, B), diagrammatic reconstructions of teeth coloration (C–F). C–F not to scale.

Fig. 4 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 4. Specific features of crocidosoricine shrews Shargainosorex angustirostris gen. et sp. nov. from middle Miocene Sharga 2 locality, Mongolia (A, B) and Miosorex grivensis (Deperet, 1892) from middle Miocene of La Grive St. Alban, France (C, D) compared to Recent red-toothed, Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 (E), and white-toothed, Suncus etruscus (Savi, 1822) (F). A. ZISP 104324/1055 (paratype), left fourth upper premolar associated with maxilla fragment (mirrored), in anterior (A1) and buccal (A2) views. B. ZISP 103200/4, right fourth upper premolar associated with maxilla fragment, in anterior (B1) and buccal (B2) views. C. ZISP 104324/1050 (paratype), left first upper molar associated with maxilla fragment (mirrored), in anterior view. D. ZISP 103200/5, right first upper molar associated with maxilla fragment, in anterior view. E, F. Transversal sections of rostral parts of Recent shrews through P4 (level of anterioro-buccal root) (E1, F1), and M1 (level of anterior roots) (E2, F2). Abbreviations: a, inclination line of the hard palatine relative to antero-buccal root axis of P4; b, line of a paracone position relative to a protocone line (d) along antero-lingual root axis of M1; e, the undulated upper margin of P4 in buccal view; f, line of the ground-in surface (shown only for S. etruscus due to degree of its tooth preservation); α–δ angles, values of the hard palatine relative inclination for each species (α ≤ 42°; ss ≈ 81°; γ ≈ 62°; δ ≈ 66°).

Fig. 1 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 1. Map showing location of Govi-Altai Aimag in south-western Mongolia (A) and Shargain Gobi Depression within Govi-Altai Province (B). C. Satellite image of the Sharga Village area, where Shargainosorex angustirostris gen. et sp. nov. was discovered.

Fig. 2 in A new middle Miocene crocidosoricine shrew from the Mongolian Shargain Gobi Desert

Fig. 2. Crocidosoricine shrews Shargainosorex angustirostris gen. et sp. nov. from middle Miocene Sharga 2 locality, Mongolia (A, C), and Miosorex grivensis (Deperet, 1892) from middle Miocene of La Grive St. Alban, France (B, D). A. ZISP 104324/1068 (paratype), right I1 (mirrored) in buccal view. B. ZISP 103200/6, left I1 in buccal view; dashed line and grey area on B2 indicate damaged tip and base of talon. Arrows indicate crown-root junction, stepped (A2), or smooth (B2). C. ZISP 104323 (holotype), fragment of left i1 in buccal view. D. ZISP 103200/7, left i1 in buccal view. Arrowheads indicate first and second denticles of i1; dotted line indicates notch until first denticle. Photographs (A1–D1), explanatory drawings (A2–D2).

Fig. 6 in Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous

Fig. 6. Plan view of bedding plane from the enantiornithine nesting locality of Fernández et al. (2013) located on the campus of the Universidad Nacional del Comahue, North of Neuquén city, Argentina within the Bajo de la Carpa Formation (Río Colorado Subgroup, Neuquén Group, Middle-Upper Santonian). Erosion is just exposing the blunt, upper end of two eggs (e). The vertical orientation and scattered distribution of eggs characterizes this site (Fernández et al. 2013).

Fig. 4 in Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous

Fig. 4. Petrographic thin sections of avian and non-avian theropod eggshells from the Upper Cretaceous. A. Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov. (ZPAL MgOv-II-6); horizontal lines at the left side of A1 mark, from bottom to top, the boundaries between the mammillary, second (possible squamatic zone), and third (possible external zone) layers. A2, same as A1, but in polarized light. A3, thin section 9-6 highlighting the same three structural layers as in A1, including the mammillary layer (ML), second layer (2L), and third layer (3L). DL represents the outer diagenetic layer. A4, thin section 9-5, showing properly proportioned ML and 2L, but a loss of the 3L. B. Protoceratopsidovum sincerum Mikhailov, 1994 (PIN 3143/121), horizontal line at left marks the boundary between the mammillary layer and palisade layer. C. Gobioolithus minor Mikhailov, 1996a (ZPAL MgOv-III/11b), horizontal lines at left mark, from bottom to top, the boundaries between the mammillary layer, squamatic zone, and an outer recrystallized zone, possibly representing either diagenetic overgrowth or an altered biological external zone. D. Neuquén enantiornithine eggshell MSU ES 177 (Schweitzer et al. 2002: fig. 1), horizontal lines at left in D 1 mark, from bottom to top, the boundaries between the mammillary layer, squamatic zone, and external zone. D2, same as D1, but in polarized light. Images in plane (A1, A3, A4, B, C, D1) and polarized (A2, D2) light.

Fig. 2 in Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous

Fig. 2. Plots of diameter vs. length (A) and elongation index (EI) vs. length (B) for the three forms originally included in the oogenus Gobioolithus, showing good separation between the three varieties. Gobioolithus minor and Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov. data comes from ZPAL specimens, the data for G. major from PIN specimens. Much of the variation in EI appears to represent variability in the distortion of eggs, with some foreshortened along their long axis, whereas others exhibit modified diameters.

Fig. 1 in Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous

Fig. 1. Representative eggs for the three forms originally included in the oogenus Gobioolithus from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. A. The larger avian eggs of Sabath (1991), Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov. (ZPAL MgOv-II/25). B. Gobioolithus major Mikhailov, 1996a (PIN 4478-2). C. Gobioolithus minor Mikhailov, 1996a (ZPAL MgOv-III/10). The former classification included eggs such as ZPAL MgOv-II/25 representing the "larger avian eggs" of Sabath (1991) with Soviet collected specimens as G. major. Here we separate out the former based on size and shape as S. sabathi.

Fig. 3. Egg clutches for Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov. from the Upper Cretaceous Bayn Dzak locality. A in Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous

Fig. 3. Egg clutches for Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov. from the Upper Cretaceous Bayn Dzak locality. A. Type specimen, ZPAL MgOv-II/7a in dorso-oblique (A 1), lateral (A 2), and dorsal (A 3) views. A 1 and A 2 show three of the four eggs, whereas A 3 provides a view of the articulated distal femur and proximal tibia and fibula. The cnemial crest and crista fibularis are visible in this anteromedial view of the tibia. B. ZPAL MgOv-II/25, a second partial clutch with associated bone in lateral view showing one nearly intact egg and a small portion of a second (e). A poorly preserved tibia runs nearly horizontally just above and left of the egg.

Fig. 5 in Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic placement of Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov. resulting from cladistic analyses. Data matrix from Jin et al. (2010) (A), Tanaka et al. (2011) (B), López-Martínez and Vicens (2012) (C). Note to distinguish egg parataxonomic names from taxonomic names, the latter are placed within parentheses. A and B represent majority rule consensus trees with values below each node representing the percentages of all most parsimonious trees in which each clade was recovered. C is the strict consensus tree. Placement favors an avian assignment for Styloolithus sabathi oogen. et oosp. nov.

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Fig. 2 in An extended range of the multituberculate Kryptobaatar and distribution of mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert

Fig. 2. Comparison of teeth in Kryptobaatar dashzevegi. A. PM 120/108, Hermiin Tsav I, Gobi Desert, Mongolia; upper incisors (A1), right P1−P3 (A2), left P2, P3 (A3), left M1, M2 (A4). B. Right M2, ZPALMgM−I/52, Djadokhta Formation, Bayan Zag. C. Right M1 and M2, ZPALMgM−I/8, Djadokhta Formation, Bayan Zag. All SEM micrographs in occlusal view. M1 in A4 appears narrower than it originally was because of break of the middle cusps in outer row and outer margin.

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Figure 2 in Stiphodon annieae, a new species of freshwater goby from Indonesia (Gobiidae)

Figure 2. - Diagrammatic illustration of head in Stiphodon annieae n. sp. (male) showing head pores and sensory papillae. A: Dorsal view; B: Lateral view; C: Ventral view.

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Figure 1. - Stiphodon annieae n in Stiphodon annieae, a new species of freshwater goby from Indonesia (Gobiidae)

Figure 1. - Stiphodon annieae n. sp., Holotype, MZB 18930, male (21.5 mm SL), Hamahera, Indonesia; Hadiaty et al. coll. (Photo R. Hadiaty).