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704 results for “Interference”
A method for designated target anti-interference tracking combining YOLOv5 and SiamRPN for UAV tracking and landing control
<p>The <strong>experiment data</strong> includes the experimental results of each part of Chapter 3 of the article. The <strong>simulation code</strong> is used to implement the simulation experiments in Chapter 3.</p>
Non-linear susceptibility to interferences in declarative memory formation
<p>After encoding, memories go through a labile state followed by a stabilization process known as consolidation. Once consolidated they can enter a new labile state after the presentation of a reminder of the original memory, followed by a period of re-stabilization (reconsolidation). During these periods of lability the memory traces can be modified. Currently, some studies show a rapid stabilization after 30 min, while others show that stabilization occurs after longer periods (e.g. > 6 h). Here we investigate the effect of an interference treatment on declarative memory consolidation, comparing distinct time intervals after acquisition. On day 1, participants learned a list of non- syllable pairs (List 1). 5 min, 30 min, 3 h or 8 h later, they received an interference list (List 2) that acted as an amnesic agent. On day 2 (48 h after training) participants had to recall List 1 first, followed by List 2. We found that the List 1 memory was susceptible to interference when List 2 was administered 5 min or 3 h after learning but not when it was administered 30 min or 8 h after. We propose the possibility that this rapid memory protection could be induced by a fast and transient neocortical integration. Our results open a discussion about the contribution of molecular and systemic aspects to memory consolidation.</p>
Data from: Acclimation in ants: Interference of communication and waterproofing through cuticular hydrocarbons in a multifunctional trait
<p>Organismal traits may experience conflicting selection pressures if they fulfil different functions simultaneously. This can require trade-offs between functions or alternatively functional separation between elements of the trait.</p> <p>An important multifunctional trait in insects is the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHCs) layer. CHCs cover the body of nearly all insects, protect against desiccation and serve as a communication signal. In social insects like ants, they provide cues for nestmate recognition. To maintain their waterproofing function, insects have to adjust CHC composition to current temperatures. These changes might affect information content and interfere with communication, which would be especially detrimental in social insects.</p> <p>Here, we studied how acclimation affects nestmate recognition in two sister species of the ant genus <em>Lasius</em>. Colony fragments were exposed to three climate regimes. We analysed behaviour towards same and differently acclimated conspecifics, and determined which CHCs were related to acclimatory changes, colony differences, and inter-individual aggression.</p> <p>Differential acclimation led to higher aggression and chemical distances among former nestmates. We identified small CHC subsets, which only differed among colonies or among acclimation treatments. Moreover, few compounds sufficed to explain inter-individual aggression, suggesting that ants do not use the entire CHC profile for nestmate recognition and that colony identity is encoded in a redundant way.</p> <p>Across individual CHCs, their contribution to colony differences and to differences among acclimatory treatments was negatively correlated, indicating that there is some degree of functional separation. However, CHC classes could not be clearly assigned to one or another function, indicating that the role of each CHC is idiosyncratic and may differ among species. Acclimatory effects and colony differences were more independent from each other in <em>L. platythorax </em>than in <em>L. niger</em>, indicating that functional separation can differ even among sister species.</p> <p>Our results show that CHC functions are more intertwined than previously assumed, suggesting that insects cannot optimise all functions independently. The main constraint might be the need to maintain a certain phase behaviour of the CHC layer, which depends on CHC composition and affects functionality. The need to separate functions might depend on species-specific ecological and life-history parameters.</p>
Measurement Matrix and Path Examples for Adaptive Sparse Sampling for Quasiparticle Interference Imaging
<p>precalculated measurement paths used with adaptive sparse sampling for quasiparticle interference imaging. </p>
The effect of mismatches on cOA-mediated interference
<p>PAGE analysis of 32P-labeled crRNA</p> <p>TLC analysis of 32P-labeled cyclic oligoadenylate synthesis reactions</p> <p>Membranes with captured 32P-labeled target RNAs to measure affinity binding</p>
Results from, "Causal health impacts of power plant emission controls under modeled and uncertain physical process interference."
<p>This repository contains results from the paper, "<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.05665">Causal health impacts of power plant emission controls under modeled and uncertain physical process interference</a>," by Wikle and Zigler (2024), to appear in <em>Annals of Applied Statistics</em>. The storage of these results helps facilitate access to and replication of the analysis in the paper. The results include output from the:</p> <ol> <li>Sulfate analysis <ul> <li>tx-2016-100k-int-mx.RDS</li> </ul> </li> <li>Asthma analysis <ul> <li>asthma-pois-cut.RDS</li> <li>asthma-pois-plugin.RDS</li> <li>asthma-bart-cut.RDS</li> <li>asthma-bart-plugin.RDS</li> </ul> </li> <li>Medicare analysis <ul> <li>medicare-pois-cut.RDS</li> <li>medicare-pois-plugin.RDS</li> <li>medicare-bart-cut.RDS</li> <li>medicare-bart-plugin.RDS</li> </ul> </li> <li>Simulation study <ul> <li>simstudy-cm1-lm.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-cm1-bart.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-cm2-lm.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-cm2-bart.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-cm3-lm.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-cm3-bart.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-pm1-pois.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-pm1-bart.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-pm2-pois.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-pm2-bart.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-pm3-pois.RDS</li> <li>simstudy-pm3-bart.RDS</li> </ul> </li> <li>Log-linear BART sensitivity analysis <ul> <li>sensitivity-m100.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-m200.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-m300.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-m400.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power05.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power1.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power15.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power2.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power25.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power3.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power4.RDS</li> <li>sensitivity-power5.RDS</li> </ul> </li> </ol> <p>A description of these results can be found at <a href="https://github.com/nbwikle/estimating-interference">https://github.com/nbwikle/estimating-interference</a>, along with the R code used to generate these (and other results, such as figures) found in the manuscript and supplementary material.</p>
Figure 6 in Interference and management of herbicide-resistant crop volunteers
Figure 6. Stalk regrowth of 2,4-D-resistant cotton after shredding and treatment with duplosan.
Figure 5 in Interference and management of herbicide-resistant crop volunteers
Figure 5. Cotton stalk regrowth in a field in Georgia.
Figure 8 in Interference and management of herbicide-resistant crop volunteers
Figure 8. Volunteer soybean in a cornfield in Nebraska.
Dry ECG Dataset: Normal and Interference-Affected Records (NSIR Dataset)
<p><strong>The dataset consists of 149 ECG signals that were sampled at a frequency of 500 Hz using a single lead. </strong></p> <p><strong>The main objective</strong> is to identify and differentiate normal-recorded ECG signals from those affected by two common types of interference:</p> <ul> <li>50/60 Hz power line interference .</li> <li> electrode contact noise caused by unstable movement.</li> </ul> <p>The data was recorded at the LINS Laboratory within the University of USTHB in Algeria using <strong>the Orbital 90 dry electrode</strong>, which has a 25 mm conductive area diameter based on the three electrodes configurations to measure the potential difference between the two arms, with the right leg serving as the reference. In order to improve signal quality, a fourth-order Butterworth low-pass filter was utilized for its smooth frequency response and minimal phase distortion, followed by a notch filter to eliminate 50 Hz power line noise. These filtering processes significantly enhanced the ECG signal quality by reducing noise and interference while preserving important cardiac information. The recorded data was stored in <strong>CSV</strong> format using UART communication via a USB connected to a computer.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Dataset Summary</strong></li> </ul> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>Type of Record </strong></td> <td><strong>Number of Records</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>well-recorded ECG</td> <td>42</td> </tr> <tr> <td>50/60 Hz power line interference</td> <td>44</td> </tr> <tr> <td>electrode contact noise</td> <td>63</td> </tr> <tr> <td><strong>Total</strong></td> <td>149</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p><strong>Note :</strong></p> <ol> <li><strong>You can find in the attachment a set of scalogram representations of the data with different wavelets, converted using the CWT technique.</strong></li> <li><strong>These data were used in transfer learning and gave a remarkable result, highlighting the unnecessary need for a huge dataset to train a transfer learning algorithm when the data is well recorded and the classes are distinguished.</strong></li> </ol> <p> </p> <ul> <li>For more details please feel free to contact us :</li> </ul> <ol> <li>Kharziwisseme@hotmail.com</li> <li>kerdjidjoussama@gmail.com</li> <li>malikakedir@gmail.com</li> <li>nac.meziane@gmail.com</li> </ol>
Differential interference contrast (DIC) image of unstained living HepG2 human liver cancer cells
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p> <p>This dataset is associated with our submission to Computers in Biology and Medicine, titled "Accurate Detection and Instance Segmentation of Unstained Living Adherent Cells in Differential Interference Contrast Images". The submission number for this manuscript is CIBM-D-23-09623R1.</p> <p><strong>Authors</strong>: Fei Pan, Yutong Wu, Kangning Cui, Shuxun Chen, Yanfang Li, Yaofang Liu, Adnan Shakoor, Han Zhao, Beijia Lu, Shaohua Zhi, Raymond Hon-Fu Chan, Dong Sun</p> <p><strong>Dataset Description</strong></p> <p>Our dataset comprises 520 differential interference contrast (DIC) images of 12,198 unstained HepG2 human liver cancer cells, each with a corresponding fluorescence image stained with calcein acetoxymethyl (AM), ensuring high-quality ground-truth annotations. Unique in addressing the multi-state nature of adherent cells commonly seen in wet labs, it includes both healthy and unhealthy cells in a single image, providing a valuable resource for studying multi-state cell detection and instance segmentation.<br>Citation</p> <p>We kindly request that researchers who use this dataset cite both our paper and this dataset. This will help acknowledge the work and facilitate further advancements in the field.</p> <p><br><strong>Please cite as follows:</strong></p> <p><strong>Paper:</strong><br>Pan, F., Wu, Y., Cui, K., Chen, S., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Shakoor, A., Zhao, H., Lu, B., Zhi, S., Chan, R. H.-F., & Sun, D. "Accurate detection and instance segmentation of unstained living adherent cells in differential interference contrast images,” <em>Computers in Biology and Medicine</em>, vol. 182, p. 109151, Nov. 2024, doi: 10/g5p9d8.</p> <p><strong>Dataset:</strong><br>Pan, F., Chen, S., Li, Y., Shakoor, A., Zhao, H., & Sun, D. (2024). Differential interference contrast (DIC) image of unstained living HepG2 human liver cancer cells. Zenodo. </p> <p>Thank you for your interest and support in our work. We look forward to seeing the innovative research that this dataset will enable.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Technical note: Interferences of volatile organic compounds (VOC) on methane concentration measurements - Raw Data
<p>Technical note: Interferences of volatile organic compounds (VOC) on methane concentration measurements - Raw Data</p>
Botryococcus braunii reduces algal grazing losses to Daphnia and Poterioochromonas through both chemical and physical interference
<p>The data and code provided here is used to analyze and visualize all data associated with the manuscript "<em>Botryococcus braunii</em> reduces algal grazing losses to <em>Daphnia</em><br>and <em>Poterioochromonas </em>through both chemical and physical interference" in the Journal of Applied Phycology under the DOI: 10.1007/s10811-024-03330-x</p> <p>Data should be analyzed in R or R studio. The code in the .Rmd file should execute automatically with no modifications by the user as long as the two csv files are placed in the same working directory that R is set to. The R project (.Rproj) file may also be opened directly to create an R project that is automatically set to the correct directory. Metadata explaining the contents of two data files is provided in the README.csv file.</p> <p>ABSTRACT: Crop protection from algal grazers is a key area of concern, as grazing zooplankton and flagellates can decimate microalgae crops and impede economic viability of cultivation for biofuels and bioproducts. Inhibition of grazing by chemical and physical interference is one promising solution; however, there have been few empirical tests of this approach that use defense traits innate to algal crop species. <em>Botryococcus braunii </em>is of particular interest because a) it excretes high levels of hydrocarbons and exopolysaccharides and b) forms colonies and possesses chemical defenses. Here we conduct a controlled laboratory experiment to test whether <em>B. braunii</em> can mitigate losses to grazing by two distinct grazers, <em>Daphnia magna</em> and <em>Poterioochromonas malhamensis</em>, due to both chemical inhibition and physical interference linked to large/inedible colonies. We show that chemical and physical defenses interactively reduce the total effect of grazing, thus significantly increasing the biomass and growth rates of cultures of <em>B. braunii</em> and <em>Nannochloropsis limnetica</em> when either grazer is present. We also find that <em>B. braunii </em>medium enhances the growth of <em>N. limnetica</em>. Our study demonstrates how community engineering can identify synergies arising from algal co-cultivation (e.g., by using industrially relevant strains for crop protection). While our lab study serves as a proof-of-concept, future research should test this strategy at pilot scale; if successful, such ecological discoveries may help to reduce the costs of large-scale deployment of algal cultivation for sustainable foods, fuels, bioproducts (e.g., bioplastics), and carbon capture.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Unveiling trampling history through trackway interferences and track preservational features: a case study from the Bletterbach gorge (Redagno, Western Dolomites, Italy)
FIGURE 2. Orthophoto of the slab MPUR NS 34/28. Scale bar is 50 cm.
Data from: A general explanation for the persistence of reproductive interference
Reproductive interference is widespread, despite the theoretical expectation that it should be eliminated by reproductive character displacement (RCD). A possible explanation is that females of sympatric species are too similar phenotypically for males to distinguish between them, resulting in a type of evolutionary dilemma or 'catch-22' in which reproductive interference persists because male mate recognition (MR) cannot evolve until female phenotypes diverge further, and vice versa. Here we illustrate, and test, this hypothesis with data on rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina spp.). First, reproductive isolation owing to male MR breaks down with increasing interspecific similarity in female phenotypes. Second, comparing allopatric and sympatric populations yielded no evidence for RCD, suggesting that parallel divergence in female coloration and male MR in allopatry determines the level of reproductive isolation upon secondary contact. Whenever reproductive isolation depends on male mate recognition and females of sympatric species are phenotypically similar, the evolutionary catch-22 hypothesis offers an explanation for the persistence of reproductive interference.
Data manuscript: Preventive training does not interfere with mRNA-encoding myosin and collagen expression during pulmonary arterial hypertension
<p>Supporting Information files of manuscript: Preventive training does not interfere with mRNA-encoding myosin and collagen expression during pulmonary arterial hypertension </p> <p> </p> <p>The values behind the means, standard deviations and values used to build graphs; </p>
Data from: Alternative food sources interfere with removal of a fungal amphibian pathogen by zooplankton
<p>1. While the amphibian disease chytridiomycosis is causing ongoing population declines and biodiversity losses around the globe, efficient mitigation strategies are lacking. The free-living zoospores of the causative agents of this disease, the chytrid pathogens <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> (Bd) and <i>Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans</i> (Bsal), are a potential food source for filter-feeding micropredators as part of the aquatic food web. While consumption of zoospores can lower environmental pathogen loads, alternative food sources may interfere with pathogen removal rates.</p> <p>2. We compared the ability of three filter-feeding zooplankton species, i.e. the cladoceran <i>Daphnia magna</i>, the rotifer <i>Brachionus calyciflorus</i> and the ostracod <i>Heterocypris incongruens,</i> to remove Bd zoospores in water and investigated the effect of alternative food sources, i.e. the green algae <i>Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</i> and <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>, on zoospore ingestion by <i>D. magna</i>.</p> <p>3.<i> D. magna</i> was the only micropredator candidate that effectively removed Bd zoospores from its environment, with an average removal rate of 1,012 ± 542 GE ind.<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> within our test system. High concentrations (1x10<sup>5</sup> cells/mL) of large and easily ingestible <i>P. subcapitata</i> reduced pathogen removal rates, whereas the small and less edible <i>C. vulgaris</i> did not interfere with pathogen removal.</p> <p>4. <i>Synthesis and applications:</i> We showed that <i>Daphnia spp</i>., which are keystone species in all sorts of aquatic habitats worldwide, are promising target agents for biologically mitigating chytridiomycosis infections and how natural food sources may interfere with this strategy. We also suggest potential management actions for biological disease mitigation, aiming to optimize environmental conditions for these target filter-feeders, thereby reducing pathogen densities and eventually infection pressure in amphibian hosts. Examples of such management actions include, but are not limited to, removal of planktivorous fish, habitat restoration, nutrient control or agrochemical regulation in the vicinity of amphibian breeding ponds. Further studies, including field trials, are needed to confirm the effects of pathogen consumption on infection dynamics in natural situations and investigate the impact of intervention actions.</p>
Of wolves and bears: Seasonal drivers of interference and exploitation competition between apex predators
<p>Competition between apex predators can alter the strength of top-down forcing, yet we know little about the behavioral mechanisms that drive competition in multipredator ecosystems. Interactions between predators can be synergistic (facilitative) or antagonistic (inhibitive), both of which are widespread in nature, vary in strength between species and across space and time, and affect predation patterns and predator-prey dynamics. Recent research suggests gray wolf (<i>Canis lupus</i>) kill rates decrease where they are sympatric with brown bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i>), however, the mechanisms behind this pattern remain unknown. We used data from two long-term research projects in Scandinavia (Europe) and Yellowstone National Park (North America) to test the role of interference and exploitation competition from bears on wolf predatory behavior, where altered wolf handling and search time of prey in the presence of bears are indicative of interference and exploitation competition, respectively. Our results suggest the mechanisms driving competition between bears and wolves were dependent on the season and study system. During spring in Scandinavia, interference competition was the primary mechanism driving decreased kill rates for wolves sympatric with bears; handling time increased, but search time did not. In summer, however, when both bear and wolf predation focused on neonate moose, the behavioral mechanism switched to exploitation competition; search time increased, but handling time did not. Interference competition, however, did affect wolf predation dynamics in Yellowstone during summer, where wolves prey more evenly on neonate and adult ungulates. Here, bear presence at a carcass increased the amount of time wolves spent at carcasses of all sizes and wolf handling time for small prey, but decreased handling time for the largest prey. Wolves facilitate scavenging opportunities for bears, however, bears alter wolf predatory behavior via multiple pathways and are primarily antagonistic to wolves. Our study helps clarify the behavioral mechanisms driving competition between apex predators, illustrating how interspecific interactions can manifest into population-level predation patterns.</p>
Data for: Context dependency in interference competition among birds in an endangered woodland ecosystem
<p><strong>Aim</strong></p> <p>Much research has quantified species responses to human-modified ecosystems. However, there has been relatively limited work on how human-modified ecosystems may reshape competitive interactions between species. Using extensive data gathered over 19 years across an area exceeding three million ha, we asked: <em>Are levels of interference competition between bird species context-dependent and influenced by habitat structure and productivity</em>? We focussed on the hyper-aggressive behaviour of the Noisy Miner, which has been recognised as a Key Threatening Process for other woodland bird species.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong></p> <p>Temperate woodlands of south-eastern Australia</p> <p><strong>Methods </strong></p> <p>We constructed Bayesian multi-species occupancy/detection models of bird species in woodland patches and tested the fixed and interactive effects of Noisy Miner presence, the amount of tree cover, net primary productivity, and time. We quantified the responses of 31 species, many with known interactions with the Noisy Miner documented in previous studies at fine spatial scales. However, whether environmental conditions such as amount of forest cover and net primary productivity mediate the impact of Noisy Miners remains untested at large spatial scales and over decadal time scales.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>We identified negative associations between the Noisy Miner and 18 bird species, including, unexpectedly, both small- and large-bodied taxa. Site occupancy in some species was influenced by interactions between Noisy Miner presence and increasing amounts of tree cover or productivity. Our results suggest that for some species, interference competition by the Noisy Miner is context-dependent and mitigated by increasing tree cover and/or increasing net primary productivity</p> <p><strong>Main</strong> <strong>conclusions</strong></p> <p>Areas of high productivity or tree cover may be important refugia for some species of woodland birds. Vegetation clearing that reduces tree cover could likely strengthen interference competition by the Noisy Miner on parts of the remaining woodland bird community, including species of conservation concern.</p>
Optimization Framework for Temporal Interference Current Tibial Nerve Stimulation in Tibial Nerves based on In-Silico Studies
<p><strong>Online Resource 1:</strong> All MR-based 3D models and cross-sections. n = 29.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Online Resource 2:</strong> Comparison of changes in electrode pairs according to anatomical differences (independent sample t-test for Online Resource 2, *p<0.0001)</p> <p>When Electrode opt TI was applied, the model in which the combination of electrodes was changed relative to Parallel opt TI was referred to as the Change group, and the model that was unaltered was called the Non-change group. In the case of the Change group, PR values increased in Electrode opt compared with those in the Parallel opt group. When comparing the ratio of nerve depth to the total length of the model section, we confirmed the Change group exhibited a smaller ratio. Since the sample size of each group was different, the difference of average in the PR value of each group was evaluated using an independent sample t-test. Purple dots present raw data. Mean and standard deviation of the changes are shown in black.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.