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212 results for “Land use change”
Data set and analytic codes supporting "The effects of land-use change on semi-aquatic bugs (Gerromorpha, Hemiptera) in rainforest streams in Sabah, Malaysia"
<p>This deposit contains data set and analytic codes** (accompanied with a meta data) supporting "The effects of land-use change on semi-aquatic bugs (Gerromorpha, Hemiptera) in rainforest streams in Sabah, Malaysia". We investigated the impacts of land-use change on semi-aquatic bug (Gerromorpha, Hemiptera) communities in Sabah, Malaysia.</p> <p>Semi-aquatic bugs were collected from streams in old-growth forest, logged forest, and oil palm with and without riparian buffer strips. A range of environmental parameters were also collected to represent environmental conditions (associated with land-use change). Environmental data were collected at catchment, riparian, and stream scales, and were used separately for the assessments of their effects on the bugs. We looked at the effects on the abundance, biomass, species richness, and community composition of semi-aquatic bugs. We also assessed the effects on the proportion of juveniles, winged individuals, and female <em>Ptilomera</em> sp. (a morphospecies with clear sexual dimorphism in this study).</p> <p>This research was funded by the Jardine Foundation, the Cambridge Trust, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (studentship 1122589), Proforest, the Varley Gradwell Travelling Fellowship, the Tim Whitmore Fund, the Panton Trust, the Cambridge University Commonwealth Fund, the Hanne and Torkel Weis-Fogh Fund, and the S.T. Lee Fund.</p> <p> </p> <p>** For reproducibility of outputs of the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), do insert the following function in the R Markdown before the line of "anova.cca(CCAEnvInsect, by = 'terms', first = TRUE)":</p> <p>set.seed(42) # About set.seed: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13605271/reasons-for-using-the-set-seed-function">r - Reasons for using the set.seed function - Stack Overflow</a></p>
Data from: Conservation of Chinese Theaceae species under future climate and land use changes
<p><span>Aim: </span><span>Climate and land use changes are two major pervasive and growing global causes of rapid changes in the distribution patterns of biodiversity, challenging the future effectiveness of protected areas (PAs), which were mainly designed based on a static view of biodiversity. Therefore, evaluating the effectiveness of protected areas for protecting the species threatened by climate and land use change is critical for future biodiversity conservation. </span></p> <p><span>Location: </span><span>China</span></p> <p><span>Methods:</span> <span>Here, using distributions of 200 Chinese Theaceae species and ensemble species distribution models, we identified species threatened by future climate and land use change (i.e. species with predicted loss of suitable habitat ≥ 30%) under scenarios incorporating climate change, land use change and dispersal. We then estimate the richness distribution patterns of threatened species and identify priority conservation areas and conservation gaps of the current PA network. </span></p> <p><span>Results: </span><span>Our results suggest that 36.30%-51.85% of Theaceae species will be threatened by future climate and land use conditions, and that although the threatened species are mainly distributed at low latitudes in China under both current and future periods, the mean richness of the threatened species per grid cell will decline by 0.826-3.188 species by the 2070s. Moreover, we found that these priority conservation areas are highly fragmented and that the current PA network only covers </span><span>14.21%-20.87% </span><span>of </span><span>the </span><span>'</span><span>areas worth exploring</span><span>' and 6.91%</span><span>-</span><span>7.91</span><span>% </span><span>of </span><span>the </span><span>'</span><span>areas worth attention</span><span>'.</span></p> <p><span>Main conclusions: </span><span>Our findings</span><span> highlight the necessity of establishing new protected areas and ecological corridors in priority conservation areas to protect the threatened species. Moreover, </span><span>our findings</span><span> also highlight the importance of taking into consideration the potential threatened species under future climate and land use conditions when designating priority areas for biodiversity conservation.</span></p>
Gray wolf range in the western Great Lakes region under forecasted land use and climate change
<p>Land use and climate alter species distributions worldwide, and detecting and understanding how species ranges shift can facilitate conservation planning and action. Following extirpation from most of the contiguous USA, gray wolves (<em>Canis</em> <em>lupus</em>) have partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, but it is unknown how land use and climate change may alter amounts of wolf habitat. Using wolf observation data collected during winters 2017–2020 in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, we created ensemble models to predict how land use and climate change may affect the amount of wolf habitat within these states. A projection model for the western Great Lakes region suggested three of four scenarios of land use and climate change will lead to 9–35% increases in wolf habitat, while a solely climate-based projection model supported our expectation that changes in climate, in isolation, will have limited effect on current wolf range. Our results support stable or increasing amounts of wolf habitat in the western Great Lakes region during the 21st century, suggesting limited or no adverse effects on the current distribution or further recolonization of wolves. Our findings can inform policy development regarding wolf conservation, and identify areas where recolonization is plausible, thus where promoting human-wolf co-existence is most pertinent.</p>
Data from: Multiple facets of biodiversity are threatened by mining-induced land-use change in the Brazilian Amazon
<p><strong>Aim</strong> </p> <p>Mining is increasingly pressuring areas of critical importance for biodiversity conservation, such as the Brazilian Amazon. Biodiversity data are limited in the tropics, restricting the scope for risks to be appropriately estimated before mineral licencing decisions are made. As the distributions and range sizes of other taxa differ markedly from those of vertebrates – the common proxy for analysis of risk to biodiversity from mining – whether mining threatens lesser-studied taxonomic groups differentially at a regional scale is unclear.</p> <p><strong>Location </strong></p> <p>Brazilian Amazon</p> <p><strong>Methods </strong></p> <p>We assess risks to several facets of biodiversity from industrial mining by comparing mining areas (within 70km of an active mining lease) and areas unaffected by mining, employing species richness, species endemism, phylogenetic diversity, and phylogenetic endemism metrics calculated for angiosperms, arthropods, and vertebrates.</p> <p><strong>Results </strong></p> <p>Mining areas contained higher densities of species occurrence records than the unaffected landscape, and we accounted for this sampling bias in our analyses. None of the four biodiversity metrics differed between mining and non-mining areas for vertebrates. For arthropods, species endemism was greater in mined areas. Mined areas also had greater angiosperm species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and phylogenetic endemism, although lower species endemism than unmined areas.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions </strong></p> <p>Unlike for vertebrates, facets of angiosperm and arthropod diversity are relatively higher in areas of mining activity, underscoring the need to consider multiple taxonomic groups and biodiversity facets when assessing risk and evaluating management options for mining threats. Particularly concerning is the proximity of mining to areas supporting deep evolutionary history, which may be impossible to recover or replace. As pressures to expand mining in the Amazon grow, impact assessments with broader taxonomic reach and metric focus will be vital to conserving biodiversity in mining regions.</p>
Country-level estimates of gross and net carbon fluxes from land use, land-use change and forestry
<p>The datasets contain country-level net and gross CO2 flux data for land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) from various approaches as used in the paper "Country-level estimates of gross and net carbon fluxes from land use, land-use change and forestry" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-605-2024">Obermeier et al., 2024, <em>Earth System Science Data</em></a>).</p>
Effects of land use and climate change on functional and phylogenetic diversity of terrestrial vertebrates in a Himalayan biodiversity hotspot
<p>Aim: Land use and climate change interact to impact functional and phylogenetic diversity globally, but this pattern is largely unknown in the eastern Himalayas. We aim to discern the response of community diversity and structure of terrestrial mammals and birds to anthropogenic land use and climate change in this hitherto understudied landscape. Location: Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, Bhutan</p> <p>Methods: We used camera trap and point-count transect data to estimate taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity while accounting for detectability. We calculated the abundance-weighted standardised effect sizes (ses) of mean pairwise distance and mean nearest taxon distance. The ses metrics were regressed against land use (agriculture and forest) and climate (temperature and precipitation) variables using linear mixed effect models.</p> <p>Results: Community diversity declined with agriculture in both groups. Mammal diversity was higher farther from the settlement but birds remained indifferent. Temperature and precipitation were positively associated with mammal diversity, but birds displayed a mixed response: negative with temperature and positive with precipitation. Agriculture had a strong negative effect on the functional structure of birds but not mammals. The functional and phylogenetic structure declined farther from the settlement for mammals but increased for birds. Except for the functional structure, all other metrics increased with temperature and precipitation for mammals. Except for the positive relationship between functional structure and temperature, other metrics showed a mixed response to climate in birds. </p> <p>Main conclusions: Our findings provide evidence that land use rather than climate has an imminent effect in shaping local and regional patterns of terrestrial vertebrate diversity in a Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. Climate effects, although weak, may reduce functional traits and consequently diminish functional roles. Species that can persist in human-modified environments are clustered within a phylogeny, suggesting possible loss of phylogenetic diversity.</p>
MAgPIE model runs csv for plotting: Climate change-driven global land-use system adaptation under CMIP6-based crop model projections
<p>This .zip file contains the data used to create the figures for the paper. It includes .csv files and .nc files for maps. This version includes additional files like the mapping between countries and MAgPIE're economic regions.</p>
A secure future? Human urban and agricultural land use benefits a flightless island-endemic rail despite climate change
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Identifying environmental characteristics that limit species' distributions is important for contemporary conservation and inferring responses to future environmental change. The Tasmanian native hen is an island-endemic flightless rail and a survivor of a prehistoric extirpation event. Little is known about the regional-scale environmental characteristics influencing the distribution of native hens, or how their future distribution might be impacted by environmental shifts (e.g., climate change). </span><span>Using a combination of local fieldwork and species distribution modelling, we assess environmental factors shaping the contemporary distribution of the native hen, and project future distribution changes under predicted climate change. We find 37.2% of Tasmania is currently suitable for the native hens, owing to low summer precipitation, low elevation, human-modified vegetation, and urban areas. <span>Moreover</span>, in unsuitable regions, </span><span>urban areas can create 'oases' of habitat, able to support populations with high breeding activity by providing resources and buffering against environmental constraints. Under climate change predictions, </span><span>native hens were predicted to lose only 5% of their occupied range by 2055. We conclude that the species is resilient to climate change and benefits overall from anthropogenic landscape modifications. As such, this constitutes a rare example of a flightless rail to have adapted to human activity.</span></p>
Climate regulates the effect of land-use change on the diversity of soil microbial functional groups and soil multifunctionality
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Termite diversity is resilient to land-use change
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Data from: Predicting range shifts of pikas (Mammalia, Ochotonidae) in China under scenarios incorporating land-use change, climate change, and dispersal limitations
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Data from: Accumulating time lags across biodiversity levels following land-use change
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A secure future? Human urban and agricultural land use benefits a flightless island-endemic rail despite climate change
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Data from: Projected land use changes will cause water quality degradation at drinking water intakes across a regional watershed
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Data from: Anthropogenic land‐use change intensifies the effect of low flows on stream fishes
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Global land use change and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions
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Gray wolf range in the western Great Lakes region under forecasted land use and climate change
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Nocturnal insect communities altered by land-use change contribute little to coffee pollination in the Western Ghats, India
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High resolution ancient sedimentary DNA shows that alpine plant diversity is associated with human land use and climate change
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Data from: Thermal tolerance and the importance of microhabitats for Andean frogs in the context of land-use and climate change
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