Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 9 in Haemoprotozoa: Making biological sense of molecular phylogenies

Fig. 9. Phenotypic characters mapped against broad molecular phylogenies of piroplasm blood parasites. Molecular phylogenetic relationships are indicated on the left as a consensus (macro-evolutionary) tree derived from multiple studies cited within the text.

Fig. 4 in Haemoprotozoa: Making biological sense of molecular phylogenies

Fig. 4. Phenotypic characters mapped against broad molecular phylogenies of trypanosomatid haemoflagellates. Molecular phylogenetic relationships are indicated on the left as a consensus (macro-evolutionary) tree derived from multiple studies cited within the text.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2013View details →

BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 19. AnyLogic Implementation of Decision-Making Architechture in an Virtual Autonomous Agent Environment

Figure 19 shows a screenshot of the test implementation. The picture in the middle shows the modules and interfaces of the decision-making architecture which were realized by so-called “active objects” and “ports”. On the left side, the implemented modules are listed. In the right lower corner of the figure, the agents and the virtual environment are displayed. The environment comprises different “objects” (food sources, obstacles, predators, other agents, etc.). In order to survive, the agents have to access food sources. However, the accessing of food sources bears difficulties and risks.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2013View details →

BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 17. Autonomous Decision-Making Architecture

An overview of the decision-making architecture is presented in Figure 17. The architecture was guided by two core concepts. The first core concept is that human intelligence bases on a combination of low-level and high-level mechanisms. Low-level mechanisms are mainly predefined. They are not in all situations completely accurate but have the advantage of being fast. High-level mechanisms are not predefined and thus slower but more accurate. The second core concept concerns the use of so-called emotions as mechanism for the evaluation of information

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2013View details →

BRAIN Journal-Brain-Like Artificial Intelligence for Automation-Figure 18. Different Modules involved in the Autonomous Decision-Making Process

The basic functioning of this architecture is now described in the following step by step using Figure 18a-f, where always the relevant modules of the model are highlighted for better comprehension.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2015View details →

Figure 7. Kanizsa square makes us see a non-existing figure – white square (Adapted from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_illusion]-Gestalt Processing in Human-Robot Interaction: A Novel Account for Autism Research

A special case of Gestalt processing is the perceiving of illusions. Illusions make us see things or processes that are not there – for example the Kanizsa square like the one depicted in figure 7.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2016View details →

Figure 9: Different way to combine semiadjunctions to make a brain functor.

It might be noted that the same faculty, e.g., the language faculty, may play both the role of the receiving or perception universal and the sending or action universal. Hence it should be possible to recombine the semiadjunctions so that the two universals coincide, and that yields the concept of the brain functor (the "brain" being that universal for both perception and action). From the mathematical viewpoint, the key to this was using the hets to split an adjunction into left and right semiadjunctions which can then be recombined in the opposite way.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2018View details →

Data and Code For PhD Thesis- Making an Impression: An Assessment of the Role of Print Surfaces Within the Technological, Commercial, Intellectual and Cultural Trajectory of Book Illustration c.1780-c.1860.

Overview These datasets support research found in the PhD Thesis entitled: Making an Impression: An Assessment of the Role of Print Surfaces Within the Technological, Commercial, Intellectual and Cultural Trajectory of Book Illustration c.1780-c.1860, submitted by William Finley. The data was provided by the British Library as part of a wider ambition to digitise millions of book illustrations (further details can be found here: <a href="https://github.com/BL-Labs/imagedirectory">https://github.com/BL-Labs/imagedirectory</a>). The main dataset contains 6063 rows and 108,784 illustrations. All of the data is held in comma-separated values (csv) files. The collection has been subdivided in order to interrogate the dataset further. All of the datasets have been interrogated using Rscript (R 3.4.2 El Capitan Build), the codes of which have been included in the dataset repository.  Guidance to Datasets 'Counts of Illustration by Size over Time' <ul> <li>Title: Title of Book</li> <li>Author: Author of Book </li> <li>Pub_Place: Location the book was published</li> <li>Book_Id: British Library image identifier </li> <li>YEAR: Year the book was published</li> <li>Image_Count: Number of illustrations belonging to that book</li> <li>N: Number of illustrations according to the size of illustration</li> <li>IMAGE_TYPE: Size of Illustration </li> </ul> 'Density Graphs of the Position of Illustrations on the Page' <ul> <li>X1: The X position in pixels of the top left of the image</li> <li>Y1: The Y position in pixels of the top left of the image</li> <li>X2: Width in pixels of the Image</li> <li>Y2: Height in pixels of the Image</li> <li>PERCENT_PAGE: Percentage of the page taken up by illustrations</li> <li>TYPE: Percentage Range of the Page taken up by illustrations </li> <li>VOL: Volume</li> </ul> 'Frequency of Illustrations Across First 100 Pages of the Book 1800-1850' <ul> <li>Page: Page number </li> <li>X1: The X position in pixels of the top left of the image</li> <li>Y1: The Y position in pixels of the top left of the image</li> <li>X2: Width in pixels of the image</li> <li>Y2: Height in pixels of the image</li> <li>PERCENTPAGE: Percentage of the page occupied by illustration</li> <li>SIZE: Size category each illustration belongs to</li> </ul> 'Illustration Arrangement in Single Books and Editions' <ul> <li>Book_ID: British Library image identifier</li> <li>Page_NO: Page Number Illustration is found on </li> <li>X: The X position in pixels of the top left of the image</li> <li>Y: The Y position in pixels of the top left of the image </li> <li>WIDTH: Width in pixels of the image</li> <li>HEIGHT: Height in pixels of the image</li> <li>IMAGE_SIZE: Percentage of the page occupied by illustration</li> </ul> 'Relative Frequency of Printing Methods Over Time' <ul> <li>Publisher: Publisher of the book</li> <li>Title: Title of the book</li> <li>first_author: Author</li> <li>pub_place: Location the book was published</li> <li>book_identifier: British Library image identifier</li> <li>Year: Year the book was published </li> <li>COUNT_IMAGE: Number of illustrations found in a given book</li> <li>YEAR_BOOK_COUNT: Number of book published in a given year</li> <li>YEAR_IMAGE: Number of Illustrations found in books published in a given year</li> <li>AVERAGE_IMAGE: Average number of illustrations found in books published in a given year</li> <li>IMAGE_METHOD: Print method used to produce the illustration</li> <li>IMAGE_SIZE_COUNT: Number of illustrations printed in books in a given year according to its size</li> <li>IMAGE_SIZE: Categories of image sizes</li> </ul> Contact Will Finley can be contacted via the following email. Information listed is accurate at the time of publication Email: wafinley1@sheffield.ac.uk

opencc-by-sa-4.0Feb 2019View details →

What makes research software sustainable? Anonymized interview transcripts

Anonymized transcripts of a series of interviews with the developers of research software. We also include the Participant Information Sheet provided to all participants before the interview commences.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2019View details →

Photomorphogenesis for Robot Self-assembly: Adaptivity, Collective Decision-making, and Self-repair

Self-assembly in biological systems is an inspiration for engineered large-scale multi-modular systems with desirable characteristics, such as robustness, scalability, and adaptivity. Previous works have shown that simple mobile robots can be used to emulate and study self-assembly behaviors. However, many of these studies were restricted to rather static and inflexible aggregations in predefined shapes, and were limited in adaptivity compared to that observed in nature. We propose a photomorphogenesis approach for robots using our vascular morphogenesis model---a light-stimuli directed method for multi-robot self-assembly inspired by the tissue growth of trees. Robots in the role of `leaves' collect a virtual resource that is proportional to a real, sensed environmental feature. This resource is then shared throughout the whole robot aggregate and determines where it grows or shrinks as a reaction to the dynamic environment. In our approach the robots use supplemental bioinspired models to collectively select a seed robot to decide who starts to self-assemble (and where), or to assemble static aggregations. The robots then use our vascular morphogenesis model to aggregate in a directed way preferring bright areas, hence resembling natural phototropism (growth towards light). In this assembly, they are adaptive and able to react to a dynamic environment by collectively and autonomously rearranging the aggregate, discarding outdated parts and growing new ones. In representative experiments, the self-assembling robots collectively make rational decisions on where to grow. Cutting off parts of the aggregate triggers a self-organizing repair process in the robots, and the parts regrow. All these capabilities of adaptivity, collective decision-making, and self-repair in our robot self-assembly originate directly from self-organized behavior of the vascular morphogenesis model. Our approach opens up opportunities for self-assembly with reconfiguration on short time-scales with high adaptivity of dynamic forms and structures.

opencc-by-4.0May 2019View details →

Data Template for exchanging information between Decision Making System & Simulator

Data Template for exchanging information between Decision Making System & Simulator. Under the prism of optimizing design/production and checking circularity of parts.

Fig. 2 in Hierarchical establishment of information sources during foraging decision-making process involving Acromyrmex subterraneus (Forel, 1893) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Fig. 2. Decision time (s) spent by the A. subterraneus target worker according to number of trips (n) made by the respective target worker and the concentration of pheromone manipulated on the branch that does not lead to the food, estimated by total flow of foragers.

Fig. 1. Y in Hierarchical establishment of information sources during foraging decision-making process involving Acromyrmex subterraneus (Forel, 1893) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Fig. 1. Y-trail system with branches of equal length (225 mm). Branches arranged at an angle of 60◦ connected to a bifurcation. Decision lines (LD) established at fixed points 140 mm far from the bifurcation center on the right and left branches, and 25 mm from the base branch to calculate the A. subterraneus workers' frequency of passage when half of their bodies had crossed each LD.

Fig. 17.4 in Chapter 17: Gigantism, Dwarfism, and Cope's Rule: "Nothing in Evolution Makes Sense without a Phylogeny"

Fig. 17.4. Left, phylogeny of the Equidae, with emphasis on the North American record. Right, temporal distribution of the Equidae, with relative size indicated by skull length derived from toothlength dimensions (see appendix 17.2 and methodology discussion in text). Branches indicated by A, B, and C represent bodysize increase (giantism); D, E, F, and G represent bodysize decrease (nanism).

Fig. 17.2 in Chapter 17: Gigantism, Dwarfism, and Cope's Rule: "Nothing in Evolution Makes Sense without a Phylogeny"

Fig. 17.2. (a) The most recent phylogenetic hypothesis of varanid relationships based on mtDNA (Ast, 2001) compared to (b) a compilation of the hypotheses of bodysize evolution of varanids (taken from Pianka, 1995). The maximum total lengths for the species were retrieved from King and Green, 1999, and Mertens, 1942; these are listed in appendix 17.1. Note the following terminal clades were collapsed for the sake of brevity: Varanus salvator togianus, V. salvator bivittatus, V. indicus, and V. panoptes (horni).

Fig. 17.3 in Chapter 17: Gigantism, Dwarfism, and Cope's Rule: "Nothing in Evolution Makes Sense without a Phylogeny"

Fig. 17.3. Patterns of bodysize evolution in fossil horses from North America, based on MacFadden (1987; modified figure reproduced in MacFadden, 1992). Reproduced with permission of Cambridge University Press.

Fig. 17.1 in Chapter 17: Gigantism, Dwarfism, and Cope's Rule: "Nothing in Evolution Makes Sense without a Phylogeny"

Fig. 17.1. Threetaxon statements illustrating the four kinds of bodysize change discussed in the text.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

Making sense of large-scale kinase inhibitor bioactivity data sets: a comparative and integrative analysis

We carried out a systematic evaluation of target selectivity profiles across three recent large-scale biochemical assays of kinase inhibitors and further compared these standardized bioactivity assays with data reported in the widely used databases ChEMBL and STITCH. Our comparative evaluation revealed relative benefits and potential limitations among the bioactivity types, as well as pinpointed biases in the database curation processes. Ignoring such issues in data heterogeneity and representation may lead to biased modeling of drugs' polypharmacological effects as well as to unrealistic evaluation of computational strategies for the prediction of drug-target interaction networks. Toward making use of the complementary information captured by the various bioactivity types, including IC50, K(i), and K(d), we also introduce a model-based integration approach, termed KIBA, and demonstrate here how it can be used to classify kinase inhibitor targets and to pinpoint potential errors in database-reported drug-target interactions. An integrated drug-target bioactivity matrix across 52,498 chemical compounds and 467 kinase targets, including a total of 246,088 KIBA scores, has been made freely available. Please cite:  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24521231/  https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci400709d

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2017View details →

Text-fig. 2. First upper molar variation in Progonomys husssaini from three localities in the upper part of the Nagri Formation, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan. The 12 molars are oriented with buccal side upward, each at the same 1 mm scale, making size variation apparent. a) YGSP 33187 from locality Y 450; b) 34556, c) 54131, d) 54143, e) 54151, f) 54152, all from Y 311; g) 33937, h) 33947, i) 33957, j) 33959, k) 33963, l) 33976 all from Y 259. Figures a, c, e, f, h, k are all right M1; the others are left M1. in Early Late Miocene Murine Rodents From The Upper Part Of The Nagri Formation, Siwalik Group, Pakistan, With A New Fossil Calibration Point For The Tribe Apodemurini (Apodemus/Tokudaia)

Text-fig. 2. First upper molar variation in Progonomys husssaini from three localities in the upper part of the Nagri Formation, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan. The 12 molars are oriented with buccal side upward, each at the same 1 mm scale, making size variation apparent. a) YGSP 33187 from locality Y 450; b) 34556, c) 54131, d) 54143, e) 54151, f) 54152, all from Y 311; g) 33937, h) 33947, i) 33957, j) 33959, k) 33963, l) 33976 all from Y 259. Figures a, c, e, f, h, k are all right M1; the others are left M1.