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Figure 3 in Evolution of fossoriality in microteiid lizards

Figure 3. Important environment variables for fossoriality selected from BORUTA analysis. Tentative variables are classified as relevant or non-relevant comparing its median Z-score with the median Z-score of the best shadow attribute. Bare: bare soil; Crop: cropland; Mang: mangroves; Artif: artificial surface; Snow: snow and glaciers; Spar: sparse vegetation; Herb: herbaceous vegetation; Grass: grassland; Tree: tree-covered; Water: waterbodies; Clay3: clay content (15–30cm); PrecS: precipitation seasonality; Clay1: clay content (0–5cm); Temp: mean temperature; Shrub: shrub-covered; Clay2: clay content (5–15cm); TempS: temperature seasonality; Silt1: silt content (0–5cm); Prec: annual precipitation; Arid: aridity index; Silt3: silt content (15–30cm); Silt2: silt content (5–15cm); Sand3: sand content (15–30cm); Sand 1: sand content (0–5cm); Sand2: sand content (5–15cm).

Figure 2 in Evolution of fossoriality in microteiid lizards

Figure 2. Ancestral reconstruction of the degree of fossoriality among the lizard species sampled in this study.

Figure 1 in Evolution of fossoriality in microteiid lizards

Figure 1. Fossoriality index obtained from lizard species sampled in this study. Photo credits (from least to the most fossorial): Alopoglossus copii (Alejandro Arteaga); Gelanesaurus cochranae, Pholidobolus macbrydei, Echinosaura horrida (Jose Vieira); Cercosaura oshaughnessyi (Alejandro Arteaga); Leposoma parietalis (Jose Vieira); Micrablepharus maximiliani (Willianilson Pessoa); Vanzosaura savanicola (Laurie Vitt); Placosoma glabellum (Willianilson Pessoa); Colobosauroides cearensis (Adrian Garda); Acratosaura mentalis, Psilops paeminosus (Willianilson Pessoa); Anotosaura vanzolinia (Bruno Halluan); Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus (Daniel Mesquita); Bachia scaea (Wirven Fonseca).

Figure 4 in Evolution of fossoriality in microteiid lizards

Figure 4. Pairwise correlation between the most relevant variables for the fossoriality after excluding the collinear variables. Numbers represent correlation coefficients and ellipses represent the strength and direction of the correlation. Strong correlations are indicated by flat ellipses, whereas weak correlations are indicated by rounded ellipses, as shown in the scale bar. Temp: mean temperature; TempS: temperature seasonality; Prec: annual precipitation; PrecS: precipitation seasonality; Shrub: shrub-covered; Clay3: clay content (15–30cm); Silt1: silt content (0–5cm).

FIGURE 6 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 6. Results of a discriminant analysis on morphometric measurements of male individuals of Anotosaura collaris (blue circles), A. vanzolinia (green circles), Colobosauroides cearensis (orange diamonds) and Dryadosaura nordestina (red squares). Group centroids are represented by a black dot. In parenthesis is the amount of original variation explained by each axis.

FIGURE 3 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 3. Individuals of (A) Anotosaura collaris adult, and (B) juvenile, and its congener Anotosaura vanzolinia (C), in life.

FIGURE 4 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 4. Sulcate, lateral and asulcate faces of the left hemipenis of (A) Anotosaura collaris (MZUSP 103845) and (B) A. vanzolinia (MZUSP 95328). Scale bars = 1mm.

FIGURE 1 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 1. Lateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views of the head, and (D) of the entire body, in ventral (above) and dorsal (below) views of the holotype of Anotosaura collaris (MZUSP 788). Scale bar = 1mm.

FIGURE 8. Phylogenetic relationships recovered through a in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 8. Phylogenetic relationships recovered through a Bayesian (BA) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis of Anotosaura collaris based on mitochondrial (12S, 16S and ND4) and nuclear genes (C-mos and 18S). The value for posterior probabilities (BA), and bootstrap (ML) are show on branches, respectively.

FIGURE 10 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 10. Comparison of environmental temperatures at microhabitats used by Anotosaura collaris with its critical thermal limits. CTmax (red) and CTmin (blue) are species means. Dots around the boxplots represent outliers. Whiskers end at the 5th (below) and and the 95th (above) percentiles. Horizontal lines within the box plot represent the 25th, 50th and 75 quartiles. Temperatures measured in December 2012.

FIGURE 2 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data

FIGURE 2. Lateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views of the head, ventral views of right hand (D) and foot (E), and the cloacal region (F) of Anotosaura collaris (MZUSP 103832). Scale bars = 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2016View details →

Fig. 6 in A new species of Andean microteiid lizard (Gymnophthalmidae: Cercosaurinae: Pholidobolus) from Peru, with comments on P. vertebralis

Fig. 6. Distribution of Pholidobolus in Ecuador and Peru (circles): P. affinis (green); P. dicrus (black); P. hillisi (purple); P. macbrydei (blue); P. montium (gray); P. prefrontalis (brown); P. ulisesi sp. nov. (red); P. vertebralis (orange); and P.sp. (pink). Localities for P. ulisesi are: (1) Bosque de Huamantanga (type locality); (2) El Chaupe; (3) Estación Biológica Chichilapa in the Santuario Nacional Tabaconas Namballe, taken from Doan and Cusi (2014); (4) San Felipe de Jaén; (5) Cañaris; (6) Quebrada La Iraca (near La Granja village); and (7) Quebrada Checos (near La Granja village) taken from Doan and Cusi (2014).

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Supplementary material 1 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Supplementary phylogenetic trees and table of analysed samples :

Figure 3 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 3 . Maximum clade credibility tree for 107 species (both described and candidate) of the subfamily Cercosaurinae from the BEAST analysis. The dataset for the analysis contained 357 samples with most species being represented by multiple samples, but for visual purposes only one sample was retained for each species in this tree. Nodal support is shown in the ML/MrBayes/BEAST order; supported nodes are marked with asterisks, unsupported with dashes. Monophyletic groups at the genus level are highlighted by grey rectangles. Vertical grey bars connect species that supposedly belong to one genus, but whose monophyly was not supported in any of the phylogenetic analyses: the genera Proctoporus, Echinosaura, and Oreosaurus. Outgroups are not depicted. For a full BEAST tree see Fig. S3.

Figure 2 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 2 Phylogenetic tree showing relationships between cercosaurine genera or, in cases when genera were not recovered as monophyletic, their major lineages. The tree is a strict consensus tree based on the results of three analytical approaches undertaken: ML, MrBayes, BEAST. The 24 lineages shown were supported in all three phylogenetic analyses. Relationships between genera are shown as dichotomies only for nodes that were strongly supported in all three analyses; otherwise, nodes were collapsed into polytomies to emphasise how little we can tell about the phylogeny of the subfamily Cercosaurinae with the data currently available. Outgroups are not depicted. For a tree that shows variability within genera see Fig. 3, for full trees see Fig. S1–S3. The pie charts on the right show i) species richness of the genera indicated by circle size with the proportion of species included in the analyses highlighted in red (left column), and ii) number of samples (log scale) available for each genus indicated by circle size with the proportion of material newly sequenced in this study in red (right column).

Figure 1 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 1 Map showing localities of samples newly sequenced for this study. Locality numbers correspond to those in Table 1. Localities of the new genus described here, Selvasaura gen. n., are marked with triangles; red triangle indicates the type locality of its type species, S. brava sp. n.; green triangle locality of paratypes MUSM 32718 and NMP6V 75655; yellow triangles localities published by Torres-Carvajal et al. (2016): A Provincia de Napo, Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary, Ecuador B Provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, El Pangui, Ecuador C region San Martin, Provincia Mariscal Cáceres, Laurel, Peru. White circles denote major cities.

Figure 4 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 4 A Maximum clade credibility tree of Cercosaurinae based on the BEAST analysis with the position of Selvasaura gen. n. and Potamites highlighted in red B A close-up of the red part of the tree in the left showing the phylogenetic relationships between and within Selvasaura gen. n. and Potamites. Nodal support is shown in the ML/MrBayes/BEAST order; supported nodes are marked with asterisks, unsupported with dashes. Note that the basal node in the inset is not supported and that the sister relationship of the two genera may not be real.

Figure 7 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 7 Paratypes of Selvasaura brava sp. n. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view of adult male (NMP6V 75653) with a detail of an everted hemipenis (C) D adult female (MUSM 32718) E – juvenile (NMP6V 75655). Note the generally uniform colouration of the female compared to the male and juvenile specimens. Photographs by J. Moravec.

Figure 8 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 8 Type locality of Selvasaura brava sp. n. The lizards were active during the day basking and foraging in the leaves of the roof and on the shack pillars. They used the leaves on the roof as a refuge to hide in. Photograph by J. Moravec.

Figure 5 from: Moravec J, Šmíd J, Štundl J, Lehr E (2018) Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests. ZooKeys 774: 105-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.774.25332

Figure 5 Drawing of the head of the holotype of Selvasaura brava sp. n. (MUSM 32738). A lateral, B dorsal C ventral view. Scale bar: 5 mm. Drawing by J. Moravec.