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476 results for “Morphogenesis”
Growth orientations, rather than heterogeneous growth rates, dominate jaw joint morphogenesis in the larval zebrafish
<p>Supplementary material for paper entitled "Growth orientations, rather than heterogeneous growth rates, dominate jaw joint morphogenesis in the larval zebrafish".</p> <p>Raw data, scripts, models and results are made available along with supplementary figures.</p>
Dataset: Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
<p>This archive contains the experimental and numerical data produced and analyzed for the article "Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis". The archive is divded in two main folders:<br> - Experimental_Data<br> - Simulation_Data<br> <br> The folder "Experimental_Data" contains the row microscopy pictures of the domes taken in MDCK cells experiments a partially shown in Fig. 1(D) of the main text and in the Supplementary Informations. Each gif file shows two superimposed channels, namely E-cadherin (green) and Nucleus (blue). The stack outside the sample and move towards the monolayer. The plane-to-plane distance is 0.172 um and one pixel corresponds to 0.3451 um.</p> <p>The folder "Simulation_Data" contains the configurations and the raw data produced by means of numerical simulations.<br> The content is divided in subfolders and classified according to the Figure and panels where the data are shown. Simulation parameters are reported in the main text and in the Supplementary Information of the paper "Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis".</p> <p>Simulation configurations are saved as vtm files. Each vtm file contains the values at each grid points of the polarization (Px,Py,Pz) and velocity field (ux,uy,uz) as well as the concentration field (phi). Vtm files can be visualized through the open-source visualization software Paraview. In folder Simulation_Data/Fig_2_panel_H the time series of the L2 distance of the measured profile with respect to the flat interface are found. The files is organized as follows: 1st column shows the time (iteration) at which the measurement is performed, 2nd column shows the L2 distance.</p>
GPI-anchored protein homolog IcFBR1 functions directly in morphogenesis of Isaria cicadae
<p><em>Isaria cicadae</em> is a famous edible and medicinal fungus in China and Asia. The molecular basis of morphogenesis and synnemal formation needs to be understood in more detail, because this is the main source of biomass production in <em>I. cicadae</em>. In the present study, a fruiting body formation-related gene with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring protein (GPI-Ap) gene homolog, <em>IcFBR1</em>, was identified by screening random insertion mutants. Targeted deletion of <em>IcFBR1</em> resulted in abnormal, non-formation of synnemata, impairing aerial hyphae growth and sporulation. The <em>IcFBR1</em> mutants were defective in utilization of carbon sources with reduced polysaccharide contents and in the regulation of amylase and protease activities. Transcriptome analysis of <em>ΔIcfbr1</em> showed that <em>IcFBR1</em> deletion influenced 49 gene ontology terms, including 23 biological processes, nine molecular functions, and 14 cellular components. IcFBR1 is therefore necessary for regulating synnemal development, secondary metabolism, and nutrient utilization in this important edible and medicinal fungus. This is the first report illustrating that the function of IcFBR1 is associated with the synnemata in <em>I. cicadae</em>.</p>
Quantifying mechanical forces during vertebrate morphogenesis
<p>Morphogenesis requires embryonic cells to generate forces and perform mechanical work to shape their tissues. Incorrect functioning of these force fields can lead to congenital malformations. Understanding these dynamic processes requires the quantification and profiling of three-dimensional mechanics during evolving vertebrate morphogenesis. Here we describe elastic spring-like force sensors with micrometre-level resolution, fabricated by intravital three-dimensional bioprinting directly in the closing neural tubes of growing chicken embryos. Integration of calibrated sensor read-outs with computational mechanical modelling allows direct quantification of the forces and work performed by the embryonic tissues. As they displace towards the embryonic midline, the two halves of the closing neural tube reach a compression of over a hundred nano-newtons during neural fold apposition. Pharmacological inhibition of Rho-associated kinase to decrease the pro-closure force shows the existence of active anti-closure forces, which progressively widen the neural tube and must be overcome to achieve neural tube closure. Overall, our approach and findings highlight the intricate interplay between mechanical forces and tissue morphogenesis.</p>
Raw numerical data and cleavage assay blot for Figures found in the article: "The ion channel Anoctamin 10/TMEM16K coordinates organ morphogenesis across scales in the urochordate notochord"
<p><span>In relation to our publication: "The ion channel Anoctamin 10/TMEM16K coordinates organ morphogenesis across scales in the urochordate notochord" we provide all the individual quantitative observations that underlie the data summarized in the figures and results of our paper. More specifically we provide the data for <span><span>Fig. 1G, H, I, P, Q; Fig. 2D-G, R-U; Fig. 3E-H; Fig. 4D-F, Q-S; Fig. 5D-G, K-N; R-U; Fig. 6D-F, S-U; Fig. 7G, H, J-T; Fig. 8G-I, M, N, S, X, Y; Fig. 9D-G, R, S; Fig. 10D-Q, K-R; Fig. 11F, G; Fig. S2T-X; Fig. S3G; Fig. S4K, O, P and Fig. S6E-J</span></span></span>.</p> <p>In addition we provide a non-annotated and an annotated version of the original, uncropped gel picture shown in Fig. S4A</p>
Data for "Spatial consistency of cell growth direction during organ morphogenesis requires CELLULOSE-SYNTHASE INTERACTIVE1"
<p>This is the data associated with the following publication : "Spatial consistency of cell growth direction during organ morphogenesis requires CELLULOSE-SYNTHASE INTERACTIVE1"</p>
Competitive branching: the morphogenesis of tidal creek networks
<p>Data and codes used in the paper entitled "<strong>Competitive branching: the morphogenesis of tidal creek networks</strong>".</p>
Data from: A shared pattern of midfacial bone modelling in hominids suggests deep evolutionary roots for human facial morphogenesis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Coupling and uncoupling of midline morphogenesis and cell flow in amniote gastrulation
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Intracellular morphogenesis of diatom silica is guided by local variations in membrane curvature
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Data from: Variations of mesozoic feathers: insights from the morphogenesis of extant feather rachises
<p><span>The rachises of extant feathers, composed of dense cortex and spongy internal medulla, are flexible and light, yet stiff enough to withstand the load required for flight, among other functions. Incomplete knowledge of early feathers prevents a full understanding of how cylindrical rachises have evolved. Bizarre feathers with unusually wide and flattened rachises, known as "rachis-dominated feathers" (RDFs) have been observed in fossil non-avian and avian theropods. Newly discovered RDFs embedded in early Late Cretaceous Burmese ambers (~99 Ma) suggest the unusually wide and flattened rachises mainly consist of a dorsal cortex, lacking a medulla and a ventral cortex. Coupled with findings on extant feather morphogenesis, known fossil RDFs were categorized into three morphotypes based on their rachidial configurations. For each morphotype, potential developmental scenarios were depicted by referring to the rachidial development in chickens, and relative stiffness of each morphotype was estimated through functional simulations.</span><span> The results suggest</span><span> rachises of </span><span>RDFs are developmentally equivalent to a variety of immature stages of cylindrical rachises. Similar rachidial morphotypes documented in extant penguins suggest that the RDFs are not unique to Mesozoic theropods, though they are likely to have evolved independently in extant penguins. </span></p>
Data from: PTEN controls glandular morphogenesis through a juxtamembrane β-Arrestin1/ARHGAP21 scaffolding complex
PTEN controls three-dimensional (3D) glandular morphogenesis by coupling juxtamembrane signalling to mitotic spindle machinery. While molecular mechanisms remain unclear, PTEN interacts through its C2 membrane-binding domain with the scaffold protein β-Arrestin1. Because β-Arrestin1 binds and suppresses the Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein ARHGAP21, we hypothesize that PTEN controls Cdc42-dependent morphogenic processes through a β-Arrestin1-ARHGAP21 complex. Here we show that PTEN knockdown (KD) impairs β-Arrestin1 membrane localization, β-Arrestin1-ARHGAP21 interactions, Cdc42 activation, mitotic spindle orientation and 3D glandular morphogenesis. Effects of PTEN-deficiency were phenocopied by β-Arrestin1 KD or inhibition of β-Arrestin1-ARHGAP21 interactions. Conversely, silencing of ARHGAP21 enhanced Cdc42 activation and rescued aberrant morphogenic processes of PTEN-deficient cultures. Expression of the PTEN C2 domain mimicked effects of full-length PTEN but a membrane-binding defective mutant of the C2 domain abrogated these properties. Our results show that PTEN controls multicellular assembly through a membrane-associated regulatory protein complex composed of β-Arrestin1, ARHGAP21 and Cdc42.
FIGURE 48 in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURE 48. Phylogenetic tree of 18S rRNA gene sequences showing the position of Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp. based on maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). Both bootstrap values for ML and posterior probability values for BI are represented on branches. Nodes with a solid circle show fully supported branches (100% ML, 100% BI).
FIGURES 32–42 in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 32–42. Photomicrographs of Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp. during interphase (32–34, holotype specimen) and morphogenesis (35–42) after protargol impregnation. 32, 34. Ventral views, with arrow and arrowhead indicating macronucleus and micronucleus, respectively. 33. Dorsal view showing complete dorsal kineties and each arrow marks the leftmost and the rightmost dorsal kineties. 35, 36. Ventral views of individuals in early dividing stage, arrows indicate oral primordium patches, arrowhead denotes dedifferentiated buccal cirrus. 37, 38. Ventral views of middle dividers, arrows and arrowheads indicate left and right marginal anlagen, respectively. 39–42. Ventral (39, 40, 42) and dorsal view (41) of late dividers showing migrating buccal cirrus (arrow in 39), frontoterminal cirri (arrows in 40, 42), pretransverse cirri (arrowheads in 40), and dorsal kineties anlagen 1 and 11 (arrows in 41). Scale bars: 100 μm.
FIGURES 24–31 in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 24–31. Photomicrographs of Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp. from life (bright field illumination, 24–29) and methyl green-pyronin impregnation (30, 31). 24–26. Dorsal views, arrows mark contractile vacuoles. 27. Ventral view to show arrangement of cirri. 28, 29. Dorsal views, arrow denotes narrowly spaced extrusomes, arrowheads in 29 indicate dorsal bristles. 30, 31. Extruded cortical granules (trichocyst type). Scale bars: 100 μm
FIGURES 43–47 in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 43–47. Reorganization in Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp. after protargol impregnation. 43, 44. Ventral (43) and dorsal (44) view of middle reorganizer showing left marginal row anlagen (arrow in 43), dorsal kineties anlagen (arrow in 44), extrusomes (arrowhead in 44). 45–47. Ventral views of late reorganizers displaying migrating buccal cirrus (arrow in 45), migrating frontoterminal cirri (arrow in 46, 47). Scale bars: 100 μm.
FIGURES 19–23. Pseudourostyla cristatoides n in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 19–23. Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., reorganizers after protargol impregnation. 19–21. Ventral and dorsal views of middle reorganizers, the marginal rows originate by common anlage (left, arrow; right, arrowhead), the dorsal kinety anlagen form intrakinetally, and asterisk marks posteriorly migrating buccal cirrus. 22, 23. Ventral and dorsal view of late reorganizer, showing the anteriorly migrating frontoterminal cirri (arrow). Scale bars: 100 μm.
FIGURES 15–18. Pseudourostyla cristatoides n in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 15–18. Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., dividers after protargol impregnation. 15–18. Ventral and dorsal views of late dividers, the micronuclei are finished division and arrows denote anteriorly migrating frontoterminal cirri. Mi, micronuclei. Scale bars: 100 μm.
FIGURES 6–14. Pseudourostyla cristatoides n in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 6–14. Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., dividers after protargol impregnation. 6, 7. Ventral view of early dividers, the buccal cirrus (arrowheads) is dedifferentiated, arrows mark basal body patches left of some postoral midventral cirri, and proter's oral primordium (asterisk) develops from a "pocket" of buccal cavity. 8. Ventral view of late early divider, showing forming adoral membranelles, fronto-ventral-transverse cirral (asterisks) and marginal cirral anlagen (left, arrows; right, arrowheads). The posterior cirri of rear corona participate in the fronto-ventral-transverse cirral anlagen. 9–12. Ventral and dorsal views of middle dividers, the leftmost frontal cirrus develops from the anterior end of undulating membranes and migrates posteriorly (asterisks), the dorsal kineties originate by intrakinetal formation (arrows), and the micronuclei are slightly inflated. 13, 14. Ventral and dorsal view of late divider, arrows denote anteriorly migrating frontoterminal cirri. Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus. Scale bars: 100 μm.
FIGURES 1–5 in Morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish water ciliate, Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from Songjiho lagoon on the coast of East Sea, South Korea
FIGURES 1–5. Morphology of Pseudourostyla cristatoides n. sp., from life (1, 2) and after protargol impregnation (3–5). 1. Ventral view of a representative individual, arrows indicate contractile vacuoles. 2. Ventral views of the process of forming contractile vacuoles. 3–5. Ventral (3) and dorsal views (4, 5) of the holotype specimen, arrow denotes the anteriormost midventral pair. AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; BC, buccal cirrus; DK, dorsal kineties 1; EM, endoral membrane; FC, frontal cirri forming bicorona; FTC, frontoterminal cirri; LMR, outermost left marginal row; Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus; MP, midventral pair; PM, paroral membrane; RMR, outermost right marginal row; TC, transverse cirri. Scale bars: 100 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.