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opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Figure 1 from: Samarakoon BC, Wanasinghe DN, Samarakoon MC, Phookamsak R, McKenzie EH.C, Chomnunti P, Hyde KD, Lumyong S, Karunarathna SC (2020) Multi-gene phylogenetic evidence suggests Dictyoarthrinium belongs in Didymosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) and Dictyoarthrinium musae sp. nov. on Musa from Thailand. MycoKeys 71: 101-118. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.55493

Figure 1 Maximum Likelihood tree revealed by RAxML from an analysis of SSU, LSU and ITS and tef1-α sequence data of the genera of Didymosphaeriaceae, showing the phylogenetic position of Dictyoarthrinium musae (MFLUCC 20-0105, MFLUCC 20-0106) and D. sacchari (MFLUCC 20-0107). ML bootstrap supports (≥ 60%) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.95 BYPP) are given above the branches, respectively. The tree is rooted with Bambusistroma didymosporum (MFLU 15-0057 and MFLU 15-0058). Strains generated in this study are indicated in brown bold type. Ex-type strains are indicated in black bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Figure 4 from: Samarakoon BC, Wanasinghe DN, Samarakoon MC, Phookamsak R, McKenzie EH.C, Chomnunti P, Hyde KD, Lumyong S, Karunarathna SC (2020) Multi-gene phylogenetic evidence suggests Dictyoarthrinium belongs in Didymosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) and Dictyoarthrinium musae sp. nov. on Musa from Thailand. MycoKeys 71: 101-118. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.55493

Figure 4 Morphology of conidia and conidiophores of previously described Dictyoarthrinium species a, dD. microsporumb, iD. synnematicumc, eD. lilliputeumf, jD. africanumg, h, kD. rabaulense. Scale bars: 20 μm (a, c, d, e); 10 μm (b, i). Magnification × 650 (f, g, h, j, k). Redrawn from Rao and Rao (1964), Ellis (1971), Kobayasi et al. (1971) and Somrithipol (2007).

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

Data from: The banana (Musa acuminata) genome and the evolution of monocotyledonous plants

Bananas (Musa spp.), including dessert and cooking types, are giant perennial monocotyledonous herbs of the order Zingiberales, a sister group to the well-studied Poales, which include cereals. Bananas are vital for food security in many tropical and subtropical countries and the most popular fruit in industrialized countries1. The Musa domestication process started some 7,000 years ago in Southeast Asia. It involved hybridizations between diverse species and subspecies, fostered by human migrations2, and selection of diploid and triploid seedless, parthenocarpic hybrids thereafter widely dispersed by vegetative propagation. Half of the current production relies on somaclones derived from a single triploid genotype (Cavendish)1. Pests and diseases have gradually become adapted, representing an imminent danger for global banana production3, 4. Here we describe the draft sequence of the 523-megabase genome of a Musa acuminata doubled-haploid genotype, providing a crucial stepping-stone for genetic improvement of banana. We detected three rounds of whole-genome duplications in the Musa lineage, independently of those previously described in the Poales lineage and the one we detected in the Arecales lineage. This first monocotyledon high-continuity whole-genome sequence reported outside Poales represents an essential bridge for comparative genome analysis in plants. As such, it clarifies commelinid-monocotyledon phylogenetic relationships, reveals Poaceae-specific features and has led to the discovery of conserved non-coding sequences predating monocotyledon–eudicotyledon divergence.

Fig. 3. Key 1H–1H in Bioactive polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeriopsis musa

Fig. 3. Key 1H–1H COSYs and HMBCs of 3–8.

Fig. 6 in Bioactive polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeriopsis musa

Fig. 6. Experimental and calculated ECD spectra of 4, and 9–10.

Fig. 4. Key 1H–1H in Bioactive polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeriopsis musa

Fig. 4. Key 1H–1H COSYs and HMBCs of 9 and 10.

Fig. 2. Key 1H–1H in Bioactive polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeriopsis musa

Fig. 2. Key 1H–1H COSYs and HMBCs of 1 and 2.

Fig. 5 in Bioactive polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeriopsis musa

Fig. 5. Key NOESY correlations of 9 and 10.

Fig. 1 in Bioactive polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeriopsis musa

Fig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–10 isolated from Phaeosphaeriopsis musae.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Inflorescence and flower development in Musa velutina H. Wendl. & Drude (Musaceae), with a consideration of developmental variability, restricted phyllotactic direction, and hand initiation

Premise of research. Inflorescence and flower structure in the Musaceae is unique in the Zingiberales. The inflorescence lacks the obvious cincinnus structure that characterizes the order, and the flowers are unisexual. Previous studies were conducted using cultivated varieties and were carried out with sectioned material, which does not permit accurate developmental descriptions. Developmental study of a wild species with modern methods addresses these shortcomings and provides more accurate descriptions. Methodology. Young inflorescences and flowers were collected from botanical gardens in Hawaii and Australia and critical-point dried for observation with a scanning electron microscope. Pivotal results. All shoots and inflorescences have sinistrorse (left-handed) phyllotaxy, and the sequence of flower initiation is usually correlated with this pattern. Initiation begins on the cathodic side of the hand (opposite the direction of phyllotactic rise) and progresses anodically (in the direction of phyllotactic rise). Within this general pattern, the sequence of flower initiation is variable, even within the same inflorescence. Five patterns of initiation are reported, with additional variation within each pattern. Both male and female flowers have similar early developmental patterns but diverge at the time of petal/inner androecial formation. In male flowers the anterior side of the flower develops slightly ahead of the posterior, while in female flowers the posterior side develops slightly ahead of the anterior. While consistently present in the material analyzed here, these differences are not apparent at the time of gynoecial initiation or in the mature flowers. Conclusions. The banana inflorescence is another example of how higher-level phyllotactic patterns can influence the sequence of organ initiation at lower levels. Despite variability in the sequence of flower initiation in a hand, the best interpretation of the hand remains a cincinnus. Variability in inflorescence and floral development is rarely reported and may be more common than currently supposed.

opennotspecifiedApr 2013View details →

FIGURE 3 in Musa velutina subsp. markkuana (Musaceae): a new subspecies from northeastern India

FIGURE 3. Map of Northeast India showing collecting localities of Musa velutina subsp. markkuana.

opennotspecifiedJun 2014View details →

FIGURE 3 in Musa ruiliensis (Musaceae, Section Musa), a new species from Yunnan, China

FIGURE 3. Metaphase chromosomes (2n = 2x = 22) of Musa ruiliensis.

publicMay 2017View details →

Data from: Inflorescence and flower development in Musa velutina H. Wendl. & Drude (Musaceae), with a consideration of developmental variability, restricted phyllotactic direction, and hand initiation

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