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Figure 3 from: Bogusch P, van Achterberg C, Šilhán K, Astapenková A, Heneberg P (2018) Description of mature larvae and ecological notes on Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea, Gasteruptiidae) parasitizing hymenopterans nesting in reed galls. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 65: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.65.26645
Figure 3 Nests with larvae of Gasteruption. A Larva of Gasteruptionnigrescens in nest of Heriadesrubicola (Hungary, Szeged, 2017) B Larva of Gasteruptionnigrescens in nest of Hoplitisleucomelana (Czech Republic, Novozámecký fish pond, 2018) C Larva of Gasteruptionphragmiticola in nest of Hylaeuspectoralis (Czech Republic, Novozámecký fish pond, 2018) D larva of Gasteruptionphragmiticola extracted from nest of Hylaeuspectoralis (Czech Republic, Dubno, 2015).
Figure 4 from: Bogusch P, van Achterberg C, Šilhán K, Astapenková A, Heneberg P (2018) Description of mature larvae and ecological notes on Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea, Gasteruptiidae) parasitizing hymenopterans nesting in reed galls. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 65: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.65.26645
Figure 4 Larvae of Gasteruption. Gasteruptionassectator. A mature larva, lateral view B mature larva, dorsal view C head – mouthparts. GasteruptionnigrescensD mature larva, lateral view E mature larva, dorsal view F head – mouthparts. GasteruptionphragmiticolaG mature larva, lateral view H mature larva, dorsal view I head – mouthparts.
Figure 33. Auplopus mexicanus Cresson, 1867 in Biology and ecology of a deep cave nesting spider wasp, Ageniella evansi Townes, (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), in Arizona
Figure 33. Auplopus mexicanus Cresson, 1867 at the Arkenstone Cave sinkhole on 23 November 2022.
Table 1 in Biology and ecology of a deep cave nesting spider wasp, Ageniella evansi Townes, (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), in Arizona
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were determined by comparing winter, summer, and annual precipitation data with the annual female wasp population at Arkenstone Cave. Current year precipitation values were aligned with the corresponding wasp population. Each year shift moves the alignment of the wasp population data earlier to test for correlation with precipitation effects on the population. A 34-year data set and a 9-year data subset are presented.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Pearson correlation of precipitation data with annual <i>Ageniella evansi</i> wasp population</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Period</th><td>Winter precipitation</td><td>Summer precipitation</td><td>Annual precipitation</td></tr><tr><th>34-year precipitation data range (1989–2022)</th><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Current year</th><td>0.24</td><td>0.03</td><td>0.28</td></tr><tr><th>1-year shift <current</th><td>0.24</td><td>−0.00</td><td>0.37</td></tr><tr><th>2-year shift <current</th><td>0.34</td><td>−0.01</td><td>0.37</td></tr><tr><th>3-year shift <current</th><td>0.48</td><td>−0.01</td><td>0.49</td></tr><tr><th>4-year shift <current</th><td>0.29</td><td>−0.17</td><td>0.27</td></tr><tr><th>9-year precipitation data range (1989–1997)</th><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Current year</th><td>−0.28</td><td>0.77</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><th>1-year shift <current</th><td>0.25</td><td>0.37</td><td>0.63</td></tr><tr><th>2-year shift <current</th><td>0.71</td><td>0.34</td><td>0.64</td></tr><tr><th>3-year shift <current</th><td>0.90</td><td>0.14</td><td>0.51</td></tr><tr><th>4-year shift <current</th><td>0.54</td><td>−0.27</td><td>0.02</td></tr></tbody></table>
Increased microclimatic variation in artificial nests does not create ecological traps for a secondary cavity breeder, the European roller
Artificial devices are increasingly used in conservation measures to mitigate the disappearance of natural habitats. However, few studies have demonstrated their benefits for the target species, and they may pose a risk of creating ecological traps. This occurs when lower individual fitness is found in artificial habitats that are more attractive than their natural equivalents. In this study, we tested the ecological trap hypothesis on a dense population of European rollers Coracias garrulus breeding in both natural cavities and nest-boxes. Our initial prediction was that the more stressful microclimatic conditions of nest-boxes would lead to reduced fitness of European rollers, thus creating an ecological trap. The results showed that nest-boxes were preferred over natural cavities. Despite significantly more extreme microclimatic conditions in nest-boxes, we found similar breeding parameters between artificial and natural nest types. Our results also suggest that European rollers selected the nest-boxes which best buffered the temperature, thus avoiding potential ecological traps. Overall our results led to the conclusion that nest-boxes do not create ecological traps for European rollers in this study area. However, other species may be more sensitive to microclimatic variations or less able to avoid the least favourable nest-boxes. These findings could help to inform the placement of nest-boxes in order to reduce extreme temperatures and variation in humidity rates. Future studies could compare nest types for other fitness parameters, such as juvenile body condition or survival. We also recommend the ecological trap hypothesis as a useful framework to evaluate the outcomes of artificial devices used for conservation.
Figures 38-43 from: Sarzetti L, Genise J, Sanchez M, Farina J, Molina A (2013) Nesting behavior and ecological preferences of five Diphaglossinae species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Colletidae) from Argentina and Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.33.5061
Figures 38-43 - Diphaglossa gayi Spinola, 1851. 38 General view of the nesting site beside the Río Negro Bridge, Chile 39 general view of nesting site at Lonconao, Chile 40 tumulus of soil pellets and open entrance 41 main tunnel 42 nest architecture 43 cell, neck with lining, and egg laying on provisions.
Figures 30-37 from: Sarzetti L, Genise J, Sanchez M, Farina J, Molina A (2013) Nesting behavior and ecological preferences of five Diphaglossinae species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Colletidae) from Argentina and Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.33.5061
Figures 30-37 - Cadeguala albopilosa (Spinola, 1851). 30 General view of the nest site at Bahia Mansa, Parque Nacional Los Alerces (Chubut province) 31 tumulusof unconsolidated soil32 two main tunnels and longitudinal view of the soil containing a thin ash layer 33 a pair of cells with provisions, necks and lateral tunnels, scale line: 1 cm 34 remains of cells of other nest, scale line: 1 cm 35–36 tomography images of one block of soil containing Cadeguala albopilosa nests, arrows indicate cells 37 3D-reconstruction of one nest and isolate cells.
Figures 8-18 from: Sarzetti L, Genise J, Sanchez M, Farina J, Molina A (2013) Nesting behavior and ecological preferences of five Diphaglossinae species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Colletidae) from Argentina and Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.33.5061
Figures 8-18 - Ptiloglossa tarsata (Friese, 1900). 8 General view of the nesting site at "La Florida" (Salta province), the arrow indicates the location of the nest; 9 Female of Ptiloglossa tarsata foraging in a flower of Solanum sp. 10 Tumulus of unconsolidated soil, scale line: 1 cm 11 General view showing the nest architecture with a cell at the end of the main tunnel 12 Group of scratches probably produced by female´s mandibles. The arrow indicates their location in the main tunne; 13(a) cell with cellophane-like lining and provisions, (b) neck and (c) entrance tunnel, scale line: 1 cm 14 One cell showing the cellophane-like lining on the wall, scale line: 1 cm 15 Spiral closure of one cell, scale line: 0.5 cm 16 Cocoon operculum with holes, scale line: 0.5 cm 17 Scanning electron micrograph of the cocoon operculum showing the fabric of silk threads with small circular holes, scale: 500 µm 18 Onecircular hole surrounded by silk threads, scale: 50 µm.
Figures 24-29 from: Sarzetti L, Genise J, Sanchez M, Farina J, Molina A (2013) Nesting behavior and ecological preferences of five Diphaglossinae species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Colletidae) from Argentina and Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.33.5061
Figures 24-29 - Ptiloglossa matutina (Schrottky, 1904). 24 General view of the nesting site at Reserva Karadya, Andresito (Misiones province) 25 Nest entrance closed by a plug of soil(arrow), scale line:1 cm 26 Soil with roots, litter, some rocks, and remains of the main tunnel (arrow) 27 Cell showing the larva partially submerged in provisions, cellophane lining, and the wad cotton-like material attached the cell closure, scale line: 0.5 cm 28 Detail of the cell closure with the cotton-like material 29 Cell and neck wall with the lining removed. Note the high curvature.
Figures 19-23 from: Sarzetti L, Genise J, Sanchez M, Farina J, Molina A (2013) Nesting behavior and ecological preferences of five Diphaglossinae species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Colletidae) from Argentina and Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.33.5061
Figures 19-23 - 19 Nest architecture of Ptiloglossa tarsata (Friese, 1900). 20 Cell with provisions and egg, cell neck, spiral closure, and entrance tunnel of Ptiloglossa tarsata 21 Nest architecture of Ptiloglossa matutina (Schrottky, 1904) 22 Nest architecture of Cadeguala albopilosa (Spinola, 1851) 23 Cell with provisions and egg, cell neck, location of the cell closure and entrance tunnel of Cadeguala albopilosa.
Figures 1-7 from: Sarzetti L, Genise J, Sanchez M, Farina J, Molina A (2013) Nesting behavior and ecological preferences of five Diphaglossinae species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Colletidae) from Argentina and Chile. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 63-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.33.5061
Figures 1-7 - Zikanapis tucumana (Moure, 1945). 1 General view of the nesting site at Vinchina (La Rioja province) before sunrise 2 Female of Zikanapis tucumana during foraging activity 3 Tumulus, turret andopennest entrance 4 Main and lateral tunnel showing one cell at the end (arrow) 5 General view of nest architecture, scale line: 1 cm 6 Remains of a cell with part of the provisions. Note the curvature of neck 7 Nestarchitecture.
Figure 6 from: Kozyra KB, Baraniak E, Kasprowicz M (2016) Nesting ecology of Polistes nimpha (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a preliminary study in western Poland. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51: 187-201. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.7508
Figure 6 - Comparison of the height above ground of all nests founded by Polistes nimpha in the study area with that of the colonies that survived the preemergence phase in 2014.
Figure 7 from: Kozyra KB, Baraniak E, Kasprowicz M (2016) Nesting ecology of Polistes nimpha (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a preliminary study in western Poland. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51: 187-201. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.7508
Figure 7 - Number of nests of Polistes nimpha built on several most frequent plant species in 2014–2015. Abbreviations: Hp—Hypericum perforatum; Tv—Tanacetum vulgare; Am—Achillea millefolium; Je—Juncus effusus; Dc—Daucus carota; Dg—Dactylis glomerata; Hl—Holcus lanatus; Rc—Rosa canina; Gv—Galium verum.
Figure 5 from: Kozyra KB, Baraniak E, Kasprowicz M (2016) Nesting ecology of Polistes nimpha (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a preliminary study in western Poland. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51: 187-201. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.7508
Figure 5 - Height at which the nests of Polistes nimpha were built in 2014–2015, depending on plant species. *Dunn's post hoc test, p < 0.05. Abbreviations: Hp—Hypericum perforatum; Tv—Tanacetum vulgare; Am—Achillea millefolium; Je—Juncus effusus; Dc—Daucus carota; Dg—Dactylis glomerata; Hl—Holcus lanatus; Rc—Rosa canina; Gv—Galium verum.
Figure 4 from: Kozyra KB, Baraniak E, Kasprowicz M (2016) Nesting ecology of Polistes nimpha (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a preliminary study in western Poland. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51: 187-201. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.7508
Figure 4 - Values of the azimuth of nests of Polistes nimpha, depending on the plant species on which they were built in 2014–2015. Abbreviations: Hp—Hypericum perforatum; Tv—Tanacetum vulgare; Am—Achillea millefolium; Je—Juncus effusus; Dc—Daucus carota; Dg—Dactylis glomerata; Hl—Holcus lanatus; Rc—Rosa canina; Gv—Galium verum.
Current nest box designs may not be optimal for the larger forest dormice; pre-hibernation increase in body mass might lead to sampling bias in ecological data
<p>Biologists commonly use nest boxes to study small arboreal mammals, including forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula). Hibernating dormouse species often experience pronounced seasonal variations in body mass, which might lead to sampling biases if it is not taken into account when designing nest boxes. In our study of forest dormouse, we noticed that the entrance hole of nest boxes had been gnawed on. We hypothesized that this behavior was exhibited by individual dormice who had higher body mass and, therefore, were unable to pass through the entrance holes. To test our hypothesis, we categorized individual dormice present inside nest boxes based on their body mass; then compared the seasonal body mass dynamics with the timing of the gnawing behavior. We also compared nest box occupancy by forest dormouse before and after the gnawing behavior. Interestingly, we found that the gnawing behavior was displayed exclusively when part of the dormouse population increased considerably in body mass, which supports our hypothesis. Additionally, nest box occupancy decreased significantly from 20% before to 4.6% after the gnawing behavior. We suggest that researchers use nest boxes with entrance holes larger than 4 cm in future studies of forest dormouse to prevent the possible exclusion of the conspecifics that have higher body mass before hibernation. This type of sampling bias can probably happen in studies of other species, such as fat dormouse, that similarly show pronounced seasonal variations in body mass. We recommend that biologists consider the seasonal body mass dynamics of the target species when designing nest boxes to minimize bias in ecological data and improve management actions.</p>
Data from: The evolution of eggshell cuticle in relation to nesting ecology
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Data from: Nesting ecology of stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) in urban areas: the importance of afforestation
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Current nest box designs may not be optimal for the larger forest dormice; pre-hibernation increase in body mass might lead to sampling bias in ecological data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Increased microclimatic variation in artificial nests does not create ecological traps for a secondary cavity breeder, the European roller
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