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108 results for “Sarcopterygii”
Figure 49. Character states for characters 26 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 49. Character states for characters 26 (presence of splenial) and 27 (relative length of angular). The articulated skull, mandible, and pectoral girdle in left lateral view of: A, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001; B, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; and C, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385. Scale bars: 1 cm.
Figure 14 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 14. Dorsal view of the computed tomography reconstructions of the frontoparietals of extant lungfishes, anterior to the left: A, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; B, Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129; C, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; D, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385; E, Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408; F, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 42 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 42. Dorsal view of the computed tomography reconstructions of the left anocleithra of extant lungfishes, anterior to the left: A, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; B, Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129; C, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385; D, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; E, Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408; F, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 35 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 35. Articulated left and right mandibles of Protopterus annectens, TMM M 2494: A, occlusal view; B, ventral view. Anterior is to the left. Scale bar: 5 mm. A, angular; PR, prearticular; PRa, anterior process of the prearticular; PRan, angular process of the prearticular; PRb, middle process of the prearticular; PRc, posterior process of the prearticular; PRcor, coronoid process of the prearticular; PRsym, prearticular symphysis; PRTa, anterior ridge of the prearticular tooth plate; PRTb, middle ridge of the prearticular tooth plate; PRTc, posterior ridge of the prearticular tooth plate.
Figure 46. Character states for characters 8 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 46. Character states for characters 8 (sagittal crest on the frontoparietal), 9 (lateral process of the frontoparietal), and 10 (anterior extent of lateral processes). The frontoparietal in (A, C, E) dorsal view and (B, D, F) left-lateral view of: A, B, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001; C, D, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; and E, F, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385. Anterior is to the left. Scale bars: 5 mm.
Figure 47. Character states for characters 17 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 47. Character states for characters 17 (subopercular curvature), 18 (lateral ridge on suboperculum), and 19 (dorsal process on suboperculum). Left suboperculum in lateral view of: A, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001; B, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; and C, Protopterus aethiopicus, CAS 47408. Anterior is to the left. Scale bars: 5 mm.
Figure 15 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 15. Lateral view of the computed tomography reconstructions of the frontoparietals of extant lungfishes, anterior to the left: A, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; B, Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129; C, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; D, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385; E, Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408; F, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 38 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 38. Left lateral view of the computed tomography reconstructions of the prearticulars of extant lungfishes, anterior to the left: A, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; B, Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129; C, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385; D, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; E, Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408; F, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 34 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 34. Anterior view of the computed tomography reconstructions of the left cranial ribs of extant lungfishes, anterior to the left: A, Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327; B, Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129; C, Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385; D, Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272; E, Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408; F, Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 10 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 10. Left supraorbital of Protopterus annectens, AMNH 22455: A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Anterior is to the left. Scale bar: 5 mm. Sdp, descending process of the supraorbital; Slp, lateral process of the supraorbital.
Figure 8 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 8. Dermal ethmoid of Protopterus annectens, TMM M 2494: A, dorsal view; B, lateral. Anterior is to the left. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 7 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 7. Computed tomography reconstruction of the skull of Neoceratodus forsteri, AMS I-40438-001: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm. DE, dermal ethmoid; DS, dermosphenotic; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; PTTa, anterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTb, middle ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTc, posterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; S, supraorbital; SP, splenialpostsplenial; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth.
Figure 6 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 6. Computed tomography reconstruction of the skull of Lepidosiren paradoxa, CAS 61327: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm. DE, dermal ethmoid; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; PTTa, anterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTb, middle ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTc, posterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; S, supraorbital; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth.
Figure 5 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 5. Computed tomography reconstruction of the skull of Protopterus dolloi, AMNH 246385: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm. DE, dermal ethmoid; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; PTTa, anterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTb, middle ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTc, posterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; S, supraorbital; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth.
Figure 2 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 2. Computed tomography reconstruction of the skull of Protopterus annectens, TMM M 1129: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm. A, angular; AC, anocleithrum; C, cartilage; CH, ceratohyal; CL, cleithrum; CLA, clavicle; CR, cranial rib; DE, dermal ethmoid; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; OP, operculum; PR, prearticular; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; S, supraorbital; SO, suboperculum; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth; VE, vertebra.
Figure 4 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 4. Computed tomography reconstruction of the skull of Protopterus amphibius, CAS 47408: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm. DE, dermal ethmoid; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; PTTa, anterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTb, middle ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTc, posterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; S, supraorbital; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth.
Figure 1 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 1. The articulated skull of Protopterus annectens, AMNH 55226: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view. Anterior is to the left. Scale bar: 1 cm. DE, dermal ethmoid; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; PTTa, anterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTb, middle ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; PTTc, posterior ridge of pterygoid tooth plate; S, supraorbital; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth.
Figure 3 in The comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of African and South American lungfishes (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi)
Figure 3. Computed tomography reconstruction of the skull of Protopterus aethiopicus, UF 137272: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm. A, angular; AC, anocleithrum; C, cartilage; CH, ceratohyal; CL, cleithrum; CLA, clavicle; CR, cranial rib; DE, dermal ethmoid; EO, exoccipital; FP, frontoparietal; OP, operculum; PR, prearticular; PS, parasphenoid; PT, pterygoid; S, supraorbital; SO, suboperculum; SQ, squamosal; V, vomerine tooth; VE, vertebra.
Data from: The cranial endocast of Dipnorhynchus sussmilchi (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi) and the interrelationships of stem-group lungfishes
The first virtual cranial endocast of a lungfish from the Early Devonian, Dipnorhynchus sussmilchi, is described. Dipnorhynchus, only the fourth Devonian lungfish for which a near complete cranial endocast is known, is a key taxon for clarifying primitive character states within the group. A ventrally-expanded telencephalic cavity is present in the endocast of Dipnorhynchus demonstrating that this is the primitive state for "true" Dipnoi. Dipnorhynchus also possesses a utricular recess differentiated from the sacculolagenar pouch like that seen in stratigraphically younger lungfish (Dipterus, Chirodipterus, Rhinodipterus), but absent from the dipnomorph Youngolepis. We do not find separate pineal and para-pineal canals in contrast to a reconstruction from previous authors. We conduct the first phylogenetic analysis of Dipnoi based purely on endocast characters, which supports a basal placement of Dipnorhynchus within the dipnoan stem group, in agreement with recent analyses. Our analysis demonstrates the value of endocast characters for inferring phylogenetic relationships.
Data from: The cranial endocast of Dipnorhynchus sussmilchi (Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi) and the interrelationships of stem-group lungfishes
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