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130 results for “Scyphozoa”
FIG. 3 in A preliminary phylogeny of Pelagiidae (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), with new observations of Chrysaora colorata comb. nov.
FIG. 3. Chrysaora colorata, mature medusa, with oral arms broken oOE. Note massiveness of bell and characteristic pigmentation pattern on exumbrellar surface.
FIG. 5 in A preliminary phylogeny of Pelagiidae (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), with new observations of Chrysaora colorata comb. nov.
FIG. 5. Scyphistoma and strobila of Chrysaora colorata: (a) scyphistoma; (b) early strobila; (c) late strobila. Note spiralling of tentacles in (a) and (b). Composite of three stages drawn from separate photographs.
FIG. 1 in A preliminary phylogeny of Pelagiidae (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), with new observations of Chrysaora colorata comb. nov.
FIG. 1. Quadralinga in two pelagiid species: (a) Chrysaora achylos, rounded linga from a live specimen. (b) Pelagia colorata, view through the top of the bell of a preserved specimen. (c) P. colorata, a clover-shaped lingum in a live specimen.
FIGURE 16 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 16. Nausithoe striata (A–B) and Nausithoe thieli (C–D). A—Holotype (ZMB CNI 14816). B—Distal whorl of internal cusps of the holotype (ZMB CNI 14816). C—Polyp with thin collar and few tentacles. D—Image of young medusa adapted from Jarms 1990.
FIGURE 13. Nausithoe racemosa. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 13. Nausithoe racemosa. A—Images adapted from Werner (1971, fig. 3, 4, 5); a: male polyp shedding off spermatozoa from the central opening of the operculum; b: female polyp showing the distal eumedusoid outside the tube; c: female eumedusoid releasing eggs embedded in a mass of mucus. B and C—Polyp colony, pointing to one individual polyp. D—Oral view of polyp showing the flat extended collar with the mouth (mo) and small tentacles (t).
FIGURE 14. Nausithoe rubra. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 14. Nausithoe rubra. A—Side view of adult medusa from the coast of California (photo: George Matsumoto © 2000 MBARI). B—Adult medusa from the coast of California (© 2013 MBARI—VARS database; identity-reference 46). C–E: AMNH 2113. C—Side view of adult medusa. D—Detail of gastrovascular cavity with gastric filaments (gf). E—Detail of rhopalium (rh), note the bulb with darker pigmentation, and marginal lappets (ml). F—Detail of the gonads (g) with triangular shape (specimen NMNH 55931).
FIGURE 11. Nausithoe planulophora. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 11. Nausithoe planulophora. A—Image extracted from Werner (1971, fig. 6); a: intermediate stage of the transformation of the ephyrae into planulae; b: fully developed flagellated planulae. B—Polyp from laboratory culture releasing planulae (pl). C—Polyp with tentacle crown extended.
FIGURE 12. Nausithoe punctata. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 12. Nausithoe punctata. A—Original drawing by B. Werner of the polyp colony inside a sponge. B—Colony in Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy; only the terminal end of the polyps, with the tentacle crown, is visible (photo: © Fabio Russo 2017). C–F: NMNH 57654. C—Aboral view of adult medusa showing the gastrovascular cavity (gc). D—Oral view of adult medusa showing the mouth (mo) with manubrium. E—Detail of the gastrovascular cavity showing the gastric filaments (gf), gonads (g) and coronal groove (cg). F—Detail of the rhopalium (rh), with statocyst (s) and ocellus (e).
FIGURE 10. Nausithoe picta. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 10. Nausithoe picta. A—Original illustration by Agassiz & Mayer 1902. B—Adult medusae from the coast of Tahiti (photo: © Fabien Michenet 2012). C, D, E and F: ZMA2048. C—aboral view of the gastrovascular cavity showing the gastric filaments (gf). D—Lateral view of medusa showing the gonads (g) and rhopalium (rh). E—Oral view of medusa emphasizing the mouth (m) and manubrium. F—Lateral view of three adult medusae from the museum collection.
FIGURE 15 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 15. Nausithoe simplex (A–B) and Nausithoe sorbei (C–F). A—Lectotype NHM 1878.3.26.11a. B—Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11d); image adapted from Morandini & Jarms 2012. C— Young medusa showing the rhopalium (rh) and red mouth lips (l). D—Just-released ephyra showing the coronal groove (cg) and tentacles (t). E—Polyp strobilating. F—Scanning electronic microscopy of the single internal cusp; image extracted from Jarms et al. 2003.
FIGURE 17. Nausithoe werneri. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 17. Nausithoe werneri. A—Side view of adult medusa showing the hyperdome bell; illustration from Jarms 1990. B—Aboral view of male medusa from laboratory culture showing the gastric filaments (gf), the gonads (g) and the wide marginal lappets (ml) overlapping. C—Aboral view of medusa (ZMH C10693) showing the coronal groove (cg), gastrovascular cavity (gc) and marginal lappets (ml); D—Oral view of medusa (ZMH C10602), emphasizing the mouth (mo), gonads (g) and tentacles (t).
FIGURE 9. Nausithoe marginata. A and B in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 9. Nausithoe marginata. A and B—Lateral view of two adult medusae from the coast of SE Florida with small prey inside the gastrovascular cavity (photos: © Linda Ianniello 2020). C and E: ZMH C9774; D: NMNH 57649. C and D—Side view of adult medusa, emphasizing the gonads (g), coronal groove (cg) and tentacles (t). E—Oral view of the gastrovascular cavity showing one of the gastric cirri clusters (gf). F—Live polyp on lab culture.
FIGURE 7 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 7. Nausithoe globifera (A–D) and Nausithoe hagenbecki (E–H). A—Drawing from Russell 1970. B and C: NHM 1982.11.30.139; D: NHM 1982.11.30.136. B—side view of female medusa; note the high dome-shaped central disc and the oval gonads (g) with hundreds of eggs. C—side view of male medusa, focusing on the deep coronal groove (cg) and gonads (g); it is also possible to see a small crustacean prey inside the gastrovascular cavity. D—side view of a male with the red pigmentation of the gastrovascular cavity and the gastric filaments (gf) still preserved. E—Image adapted from Jarms 2001; representation of an adult female medusa with coronal groove (cg), gastric filament (gf), gonads (g), mouth (mo) with lips, rhopalium (rh) with statolith and ocellus, tentacle (t). F—Polyp as collected in the tank of Hagenbeck's Tierpark. G—Oral view of polyp with multiple club-like lips (l). H—Strobilating polyp with dense packed ephyrae.
FIGURE 5. Nausithoe challengeri. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 5. Nausithoe challengeri. A—Drawing by Haeckel 1880. B—Holotype NHM 1882.10.9.1. C–F: NMNH 58264. C—Oral view of the whole medusa, with focus on tentacles (t) and marginal lappets. D—Closer look of the mouth (mo) without manubrium. E—Detail of the marginal lappets (ml) and rhopalium (rh). F—Side view showing the bean-shaped gonads (g), the coronal groove (cg) and gastrovascular cavity with gastric filaments (gf).
FIGURE 6 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 6. Nausithoe clausi (A–D) and Nausithoe eumedusoides (E–H). A and B—Drawing from Vanĥffen 1892: aboral view (A) and oral view (B) of adult medusa. C and D—Lateral view (C) and oral view (D) of a possible adult medusa of N. clausi from Anilao, Philippines, shallow waters (photos: © Suzan Meldonian 2019). E—Polyp strobilating and releasing the eumedusoids. F—Closer view of medusoid showing the gonads (g) and planulae (pl). G—Two polyps in culture; the upper polyp is strobilating. H—Polyp with tentacles extended; notice the wide collar.
FIGURE 3 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 3. Depth distribution of Nausithoe species. Species with no information on depth are not represented and the image is out of scale. M—indicates that the distribution is based on medusae records. P—indicates that the distribution is based on polyp records. *Species that have only the polyp stage described.
FIGURE 4. Nausithoe atlantica. A in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 4. Nausithoe atlantica. A—part of plate drawing by Russell 1970. B—Adult medusa (photo: P. R. Flood © Bathybiologica). C—Adult medusa (© MBARI 2006—VARS database; identity-reference 24). D—Adult medusa (© 2015 MBARI—VARS database; identity-reference 35). E—Extremely damaged specimen with dome detached from the rest of the body (NHM 1982.11.30.128). F–H: NHM 1982.11.30.125. F—Beginning of gonad (g) formation. G—View of mature gonads. H—Exumbrellar red pigmentation vanishing; central disc with mesoglea (m) and gastrovascular cavity (gc).
FIGURE 2 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 2. Proposed terminology to distinguish umbrella outlines in Nausithoe medusa according to the height of the central disc in comparison to the rest of the body when the animal is relaxed. A—Hyperdome (dome higher than the distance from groove to bell margin); B—Isodome (dome with about the same size of the distance from groove to bell margin); C—Hypodome (dome smaller than the distance from groove to bell margin).
FIGURE 1 in A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
FIGURE 1. Schematic view of an adult medusa of the genus Nausithoe (based on the species N. aurea = N. maculata) illustrating the characters to be observed. Note that on the right side (b) a female medusa is represented, and on the left side (a) a male individual. dc—diameter of the coronal groove; dr—diameter between rhopalia; dt—total diameter; gf—bud of gastric filament; l—lips around mouth; ml—marginal lappets; rh—rhopalium; t—tentacle; e—eyespot; g—male and female gonads; ps—pigment spot; s—statolith; (adapted from Jarms et al. 2002b).
Figure 6 from: Molinari CG, Maronna MM, Morandini AC (2020) New record of Nausithoe werneri (Scyphozoa, Coronatae, Nausithoidae) from the Brazilian coast and a new synonymy for Nausithoe maculata. ZooKeys 984: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.984.56380
Figure 6 Aboral view of Nausithoe maculata medusae from Cuba's polyp culture. A four-month-old medusa with mature male gonads (g), long tentacles (t), and malformations in the lappets and central disc. B three-month-old medusa with mature female gonads (g), showing the rhopalium (r), coronal groove (cg), marginal lappets (ml) with pigment spot (ps), gastric cirri (gc), and tentacles (t).
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