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508 results for “Symbiotes”
Data from: More diverse rhizobial communities can lead to higher symbiotic nitrogen fixation rates, even in nitrogen-rich soils
<p>Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) by legumes and their rhizobial partners is one of the most important sources of bioavailable nitrogen to terrestrial ecosystems. While most work on the regulation of SNF has focused on abiotic drivers such as light, water, and soil nutrients, the diversity of rhizobia with which an individual legume partners may play an important but under-recognized role in regulating nitrogen inputs from SNF. By experimentally manipulating the diversity of rhizobia available to legumes, we demonstrate that rhizobial diversity can increase average SNF rates by more than 90%, and that high rhizobial diversity can induce increased SNF even under conditions of high soil N fertilization. However, the effects of rhizobial diversity, the conditions under which diversity effects were strongest, and the likely mechanisms driving these diversity effects differed between the two legume species we assessed. These results provide evidence that biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships can occur at scales of an individual plant, and that the effects of rhizobial diversity may be as important as long-established abiotic factors, such as nitrogen availability, in driving terrestrial nitrogen inputs via SNF.</p>
The Symbiotic X-ray Binary IGR J16194-2810: Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle (MIKE) Spectra
<p>Optical high-resolution spectra taken with the Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle (MIKE) spectrograph for the symbiotic X-ray binary IGR J16194-2810.</p>
Fig. 1 in Distribution, host records, and symbiotic fungi of Euwallacea fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in China
Fig. 1. The distribution of Euwallacea fornicatus in the south of China.
Fig. 2 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 2. Number (a) and proportion (b) of symbiont identified in the investigation area.
Fig. 5 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 5. Brachyuran crab Trapezia septata living with the host coral Acropora hyacinthus.
Data from: Genome-wide association studies across environmental and genetic contexts reveal complex genetic architecture of symbiotic extended phenotypes
<p>A goal of modern biology is to develop the genotype-phenotype (G→P) map, a predictive understanding of how genomic information generates trait variation that forms the basis of both natural and managed communities. As microbiome research advances, however, it has become clear that many of these traits are symbiotic extended phenotypes, being governed by genetic variation encoded not only by the host's own genome, but also by the genomes of myriad cryptic symbionts. Building a reliable G→P map therefore requires accounting for the multitude of interacting genes and even genomes involved in symbiosis. Here we use naturally-occurring genetic variation in 191 strains of the model microbial symbiont <em>Sinorhizobium meliloti</em> paired with two genotypes of the host <em>Medicago truncatula</em> in four genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to determine the genomic architecture of a key symbiotic extended phenotype – partner quality, or the fitness benefit conferred to a host by a particular symbiont genotype, within and across environmental contexts and host genotypes. We define three novel categories of loci in rhizobium genomes that must be accounted for if we want to build a reliable G→P map of partner quality; namely, 1) loci whose identities depend on the environment, 2) those that depend on the host genotype with which rhizobia interact, and 3) universal loci that are likely important in all or most environments.</p> <p><span>IMPORTANCE:</span><strong> </strong>Given the rapid rise of research on how microbiomes can be harnessed to improve host health, understanding the contribution of microbial genetic variation to host phenotypic variation is pressing, and will better enable us to predict the evolution of (and select more precisely for) symbiotic extended phenotypes that impact host health. We uncover extensive context-dependency in both the identity and functions of symbiont loci that control host growth, which makes predicting the genes and pathways important for determining symbiotic outcomes under different conditions more challenging. Despite this context-dependency, we also resolve a core set of universal loci that are likely important in all or most environments, and thus, serve as excellent targets both for genetic engineering and future coevolutionary studies of symbiosis.</p>
Reproduction package for the paper 'Discovery of a probable very fast extragalactic nova in a symbiotic binary'
<p>This is a basic reproduction package (RP) for the paper "Discovery of a probable very fast extragalactic nova in a symbiotic binary". It aims to provide the most important data products to check and reproduce the main results of the paper, listing all software used and data archives containing the public data used.</p> <p>Authors: David Modiano, Rudy Wijnands</p> <p>Arxiv DOI: 2210.06057</p> <p>Paper DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244679</p> <p>Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (date of acceptance: 11/10/2022)</p>
Isotopic evidence for increased carbon and nitrogen exchanges between peatland plants and their symbiotic microbes with rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations since 15000 cal. yr BP
<p>Whether nitrogen (N) availability will limit plant growth and removal of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> this century is controversial. Studies have suggested that N could progressively limit plant growth, as trees and soils accumulate N in slowly cycling biomass pools in response to increases in carbon sequestration. However, a question remains over the longer-term (decadal to century) feedbacks between climate, CO<sub>2</sub> and plant N uptake. The symbiosis between plants and microbes can help plants with mycorrhizal N uptake or biological N2 fixation – the pathway through which N can be rapidly brought into ecosystems and thereby partially or completely alleviate N limitation on plant productivity. Here we present results for plant N isotope composition (δ<sup>15</sup>N) in a peat core that dates to 15000 cal. yr BP to ascertain ecosystem-level N cycling responses to rising atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the past. We found that an increase in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration happened with a decrease in δ<sup>15</sup>N values of both <em>Sphagnum</em> moss and Ericaceae over this time period when constrained for climatic factors. A modern experiment demonstrated that δ<sup>15</sup>N of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses decreased with increasing N2 fixation rates. These findings suggested that N2 fixation in <em>Sphagnum</em> moss by symbiosis with cyanobacteria and N uptake in Ericaceae by symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi both likely increased with rising atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, highlighting a longer-term feedback mechanism whereby N constraints on terrestrial carbon storage can be overcome. </p>
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation does not stimulate soil phosphatase activity under temperate and tropical trees
<p>Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing plants can enrich ecosystems with N, which can alter the cycling and demand for other nutrients. Researchers have hypothesized that fixed N could be used by plants and soil microbes to produce extracellular phosphatase enzymes, which release P from organic matter. Consistent with this speculation, the presence of N-fixing plants is often associated with high phosphatase activity, either in the soil or on root surfaces, although other studies have not found this association, and the connection between phosphatase and rates of N fixation—the mechanistic part of the argument—is tenuous. Here, we measured soil phosphatase activity under N-fixing trees and non-fixing trees transplanted and grown in tropical and temperate sites in the USA: two sites in Hawaii, and one each in New York and Oregon. This provides a rare example of phosphatase activity measured in a multi-site field experiment with rigorously quantified rates of N fixation. We found no difference in soil phosphatase activity under N-fixing vs. non-fixing trees nor across rates of N fixation, though we note that no sites were P limited and only one was N limited. Our results add to the literature showing no connection between N fixation rates and phosphatase activity.</p>
Symbiotic interaction between Dolichoderus (Formicidae) ants and caterpillar of Nymphidium olinda (Riodinidae) in Pantanal.
<p>Symbiotic interaction between Dolichoderus (Formicidae) ants and caterpillar of Nymphidium olinda (Riodinidae) in Pantanal. For dettails about this interaction see the paper "Behavioral observations of ant-butterfly symbioses in the Pantanal wetlands of west-central Brazil" by Guedes & Kaminski published in Tropical Lepidoptera Research.</p>
Symbiotic interaction between Solenopsis (Formicidae) ants and adult of Aricoris (Riodinidae) in Pantanal.
<p>Symbiotic interaction between Solenopsis (Formicidae) ants and adult of Aricoris (Riodinidae) in Pantanal. For dettails about this interaction see the paper "Behavioral observations of ant-butterfly symbioses in the Pantanal wetlands of west-central Brazil" by Guedes & Kaminski published in Tropical Lepidoptera Research.</p>
Artifact supplement for 'Search and Explore: Symbiotic Policy Synthesis in POMDPs'
<p>Artifact supplement for 'Search and Explore: Symbiotic Policy Synthesis in POMDPs' (CAV 2023).<br> <br> This repository includes:<br> - the Docker image containing the software used in the experiments along with the investigated benchmarks and original log files<br> - a guide for replicating the experiments presented in the publication<br> - two versions of the paper: the initial submission and the final version with the revised experiments</p>
Data for: Environments and hosts structure the bacterial microbiomes of fungus-gardening ants and their symbiotic fungus gardens
<p>The fungus gardening-ant system is considered a complex, multi-tiered symbiosis between the ants, their fungus, and microorganisms associated with either ants or fungus. We examine the bacterial microbiome of <em>Trachymyrmex septentrionalis</em> and <em>Mycetomoellerius turrifex</em> ants and their symbiotic fungus garden, using 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing, over a large geographical region. Typically microorganisms can be acquired from a parent colony (vertical transmission) or from the environment (horizontal transmission). Because the symbiosis is characterized by co-dispersal of the ants and fungus, elements of both ant and fungus garden microbiome could be characterized by vertical transmission, for example. The goals of this study were to explore how both the ant and fungus garden bacterial microbiome were acquired. The main findings were that different mechanisms appear to explain the structure the microbiomes of ants and their symbiotic fungus gardens. Ant associated microbiomes had a strong host ant signature, which suggests vertical inheritance of the ant associated bacterial microbiome. On the other hand, the bacterial microbiome of the fungus garden was more complex in that some components appear to be structured by the ant host species whereas other by fungal lineage or region. Thus bacteria in fungus gardens appear to be acquired both horizontally and vertically. </p>
Data, code, and metadata for: Symbiotic acacia ants drive nesting behavior by birds in an African savanna
<p>Data, code, and metadata that can be used to reproduce the analyses underlying 'Symbiotic acacia ants drive nesting behavior by birds in an African savanna' by Lujan, Nielsen et al. 2023 Biotropica (Preprint: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.06.531340).</p><p>Individual data owners are detailed in the data. Data may only be used to reproduce the analyses underlying Lujan, Nielsen, et al. (2023). Any other use requires the written permission of the data owners.</p><p>For more detailed information, please visit the metadata file.</p>
The Efficacy of Symbiotic on Cytokines
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01899677. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Impact of Symbiotic Administration on Intestinal Function of Head and Neck Patients Surgically Treated
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02654652. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
A naturally isolated symbiotic bacterium suppresses flavivirus transmission by Aedes mosquitoes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Genome-wide association studies across environmental and genetic contexts reveal complex genetic architecture of symbiotic extended phenotypes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Environments and hosts structure the bacterial microbiomes of fungus-gardening ants and their symbiotic fungus gardens
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Symbiotic immuno-suppression: is disease susceptibility the price of bleaching resistance?
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.