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FIGURE 15. A in A new Dionysia (Primulaceae) species from southern Turkey, the most western species of the Irano-Turanian genus

FIGURE 15. A. Marcescent leaves of Dionysia odora. Remains for years after wilting, giving the branches a columnar appearance (from G00440528, coded isotype. See the examined specimens section). This arrangement of the leaves is not found in D. zeynepiae (See Figures 2, 6, and 8). B. Flower and leaf of D. odora (from syn.: D. strausii, T.6, f.1 in Bornmüller, J.F., and Hausknecht, A., 1903). C. Leaves of D. zeynepiae.

FIGURE 8 in A new Dionysia (Primulaceae) species from southern Turkey, the most western species of the Irano-Turanian genus

FIGURE 8. Habitus of an individual of the short-styled flowers. Anthers attached near the mouth of the corolla tube, so the corolla tube expands near the top and looks like a narrow tube that slightly widens towards the top. Stigma seated near the middle of the corolla tube, and is not visible from outside.

FIGURE 10 in A new Dionysia (Primulaceae) species from southern Turkey, the most western species of the Irano-Turanian genus

FIGURE 10. Dionysia zeynepiae. Outside (A) and inside (B) appearance of the long-styled (a) and short-styled (b) flowers.

FIGURE 7 in A new Dionysia (Primulaceae) species from southern Turkey, the most western species of the Irano-Turanian genus

FIGURE 7. Close-up of the long-styled flowers of Dionysia zeynepiae. Style is exserted from the corolla tube or as long as it.

FIGURE 9 in A new Dionysia (Primulaceae) species from southern Turkey, the most western species of the Irano-Turanian genus

FIGURE 9. Close-up of the short-styled flower of Dionysia zeynepiae. Apices of the anthers can be seen at the mouth of the corolla tube. Style not visible because it is shorter than the stamens, and remains within the corolla tube.

FIGURE 6 in Knautia goecmenii (Caprifoliaceae): an unexpected caespitose suffrutescent new species from the Western Anatolia, Turkey

FIGURE 6. Phylogenetic placement of Knautia goecmenii based on Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) sequences. Bayesian posterior probabilities (> 0.5) are shown above branches, whereas ML bootstrap values (> 50 %) are shown below branches only for the main nodes of Knautia. Members of Knautia sect. Knautia, sect. Tricheroides, sect. Trichera were highlighted by different colours.

FIGURE 1 in Knautia goecmenii (Caprifoliaceae): an unexpected caespitose suffrutescent new species from the Western Anatolia, Turkey

FIGURE 1. Knautia goecmenii: A. Lower stem; B. Inflorescence; C. Capitula; D. Flower; E. Corolla inside; F. Upper cauline leaves; G. Lower cauline leaves; H. Achene.

FIGURE 4 in Knautia goecmenii (Caprifoliaceae): an unexpected caespitose suffrutescent new species from the Western Anatolia, Turkey

FIGURE 4. SEM photographs of Knautia goecmenii: A−C. Pollen grain and detail of surface; D−F. fruit with involucel and involucel surface detail; G. Peduncle surface detail.

FIGURE 3 in Knautia goecmenii (Caprifoliaceae): an unexpected caespitose suffrutescent new species from the Western Anatolia, Turkey

FIGURE 3. Knautia goecmenii: A. Capitula in flowering and fruiting periods; B. Capitula in early flowering period; C. Capitula in late flowering period; D. Capitula with immature fruits; E. Capitula with mature fruits.

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Distribution. Widespread in N and NE Africa, occurring from Senegal on the W coast of Africa to Egypt in the E, in a range that includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya in the N to Nigeria, Chad, and Tanzania in the S. They have expanded their range from the Arabian Peninsula into Western Europe, to Bulgaria, Austria, and NE Italy and E into Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, the entire Indian subcontinent, then E and S to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and parts of Indochina. in Canidae

Distribution. Widespread in N and NE Africa, occurring from Senegal on the W coast of Africa to Egypt in the E, in a range that includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya in the N to Nigeria, Chad, and Tanzania in the S. They have expanded their range from the Arabian Peninsula into Western Europe, to Bulgaria, Austria, and NE Italy and E into Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, the entire Indian subcontinent, then E and S to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and parts of Indochina.

opennotspecifiedMar 2022View details →

FIGURE 1 in A new subspecies of Stachys cretica (Lamiaceae) from western Turkey

FIGURE 1. Stachys cretica subsp. gulendamiana in its natural habitat. A: Habitat, B: Habitus, C, D: Flowers and E: Basal leaves (undulate).

opennotspecifiedJul 2014View details →

Distribution. Mediterranean, scattered in islands in Aegean and Ionian seas and coasts of Greece and W Turkey, NE Morocco, and NW Algeria; E Atlantic Ocean at Desertas Is (Madeira Is group) and Ras Nouadhibou (= Cabo Blanco/Cap Blanc Peninsula) on the border between Western Sahara and Mauritania; occasionally recorded in Canary Is, Mauritania (Banc d'Arguin), Tunisia (La Gallite), Libya (Cyrenaic coast), and the Adriatic coast in Croatia. in Phocidae

Distribution. Mediterranean, scattered in islands in Aegean and Ionian seas and coasts of Greece and W Turkey, NE Morocco, and NW Algeria; E Atlantic Ocean at Desertas Is (Madeira Is group) and Ras Nouadhibou (= Cabo Blanco/Cap Blanc Peninsula) on the border between Western Sahara and Mauritania; occasionally recorded in Canary Is, Mauritania (Banc d'Arguin), Tunisia (La Gallite), Libya (Cyrenaic coast), and the Adriatic coast in Croatia.

opennotspecifiedOct 2022View details →

FIGURES 1–5 in A new species of the genus Neoplagionotus Kasatkin, 2005 from Western Anatolia Turkey (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Clytini)

FIGURES 1–5. Neoplagionotus bednariki Lazarev, sp. nov.: 1–4—holotype, female: 1—dorsal view, 2—ventral view, 3— lateral view, 4—frontal view. 5—paratype, male, dorsal view.

Fig. 4. A-D – Ceratotherium neumayri from Mahmutgazi. A in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey

Fig. 4. A-D – Ceratotherium neumayri from Mahmutgazi. A: skull Ma2-Gips15 (A1: lateral view; A2: ventral view; A3: occipital view). B: astragalus Ma2-Gips15 (B1: plantar view; B2: lateral view; B3: anterior view). C: upper tooth row Ma2- Gips16, occlusal view. D: set of left metacarpals Ma1-94. Scale bar = 20 cm for Figs. A and D, 10 cm for Fig. B and C.

Fig. 6 in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey

Fig. 6. Simpson graphs of hipparionine metapodials. I chose to use Cremohipparion mediterraneum from Pikermi (KOUFOS 1987) as a standard, because this species is more relevant than the central European Höwenegg form. 1 = maximum length; 3 = width of shaft; 5 = proximal breadth; 10 = distal supra-articular width; 11 = distal articular width; 12 = maximum distal antero-posterior diameter.

Fig. 2 in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey

Fig. 2. Plot of length vs. distal width of late Miocene giraffid metacarpals (KTA = Kemiklitepe, upper level; Slq = lower Axios valley, ARAMBOURGʼS collection). Data from KOSTOPOULOS (2009a), and original measurements.

Fig. 3 in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey

Fig. 3. Plot of medial length vs. distal width of late Miocene giraffid astragali. Note that 'Maragha' includes both S. neumayri and Palaeotragus coelophrys. Data from KOSTOPOULOS (2009a), and original measurements.

Fig. 1. Artiodactyla from Mahmutgazi. A-L – Samotherium major. A in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey

Fig. 1. Artiodactyla from Mahmutgazi. A-L – Samotherium major. A: left mandible Ma3 (A1: occlusal view; A2: lateral view of the rostral part). B, maxilla with P3-M2 Ma2-Gips29. C-D: tibiae in anterior view (C: MA2-Gips16; D: Ma2- Gips11). E: distal humerus n°54, anterior view. F-H: metacarpals in anterior view (F: Ma2-Gips17; G, H: Ma2-Gips20). I: cubonavicular Ma1-Gips10, distal view, to show the absence of plantar metatarsal facet. J: astragalus Ma1-Gips10, anterior view. K: upper deciduous tooth-row Ma1-Gips3. L: lower dp3-dp4 Ma1-Gips11. M – Tragoportax sp., right upper tooth row. N: Miotragocerus (Pikermicerus) gaudryi, left lower tooth-row. Scale bar = 5 cm for Figs. M, N, 10 cm for Figs. A, B, and I-L, 25 cm for Figs. C-H.

Fig. 5. Perissodactyla from Mahmutgazi. A-C in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey

Fig. 5. Perissodactyla from Mahmutgazi. A-C – Hipparionini gen. et sp. indet. (A: upper P2–M3 Ma2-Gips24; B: upper P2-M3 Ma2-Gips3; C: lower p2-m3 'M' [reversed from the right side]). D-G – Cremohipparion cf. matthewi (D: upper P2- M3 Ma1-Gips 17 [reversed from the left side]; E: lower p3-m3 'K'; F: lower p2-m2 'H'; G: lower p3-m3 'J' [reversed from the right side]). H – Ancylotherium pentelicum, front view of proximal metacarpals Ma2-Gips21. Scale bar = 5 cm for Figs. A-G, 10 cm for Fig. H.

Fig. 5. Perissodactyla from Mahmutgazi. A-C in Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey