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2,642 results for “blindness”
: Enzobiotics –A Novel Therapy For Elimination Of Uremic Toxins In Ckd Patients (EETOX Study)–Multicentric Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial
<p>Supplementary file for <strong>: </strong><strong>Enzobiotics –A Novel Therapy For </strong><strong>Elimination Of Uremic Toxins In Ckd Patients (EETOX Study)–Multicentric Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial</strong></p>
Gastric Residual Volume, Safety and Effectiveness of Drinking 250ml Glucose Solution 2-3 Hours before Surgery in Gastric Cancer Patients: A Multicenter, Single-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
<p><strong>Supplementary Figure 1</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>A. Change of QUICKI level after surgery</p> <p>Post-OP: right after operation; POD: post-operation day; Mixed linear model statistics showed that the effect of time ( p=0.004) was significant, but no significant differences were noted for group(P=0.600) or group*time(P=0.963).</p> <p>B. Change of Recovery Level of QUICKI after surgery</p> <p>Post-OP: right after operation; POD: post-operation day; Mixed linear model statistics showed that no significant differences were noted for group(P=0.600) ,time (P=0.235) or group×time(P=0.963).</p> <p>C. Change of WBC level after surgery</p> <p>Post-OP: right after operation; POD: post-operation day; Mixed linear model statistics showed that the effect of time ( p<0.001) was significant, and no significant differences were noted for group(P=0.392) or group×time(P=0.314).</p> <p>D. Change of CRP level after surgery</p> <p>Post-OP: right after operation; POD: post-operation day; Mixed linear model statistics showed that the effect of time ( p<0.001) was significant, but no significant differences were noted for group(P=0.312) or group × time(P=0.826).</p>
The impact of COVID-19 on the everyday life of blind and sighted individuals
<p>The datasets contain: </p> <p>- raw data of the open-ended question with the percentage of participants declaring a specific difficulty for COVID-19.</p> <p>- raw data of Questionnaire 1 divided by: Daily routine, Social life and Sleep habits. In each file the question number is reported in the header of each column. </p> <p>- raw data of Questionnaire 2 with the individual sum of responses for each personality category.</p>
Metabarcoding for biodiversity inventory blind spots: A test case using the beetle fauna of an insular cloud forest
<p>Soils harbour a rich arthropod fauna, but many species are still not formally described (Linnaean shortfall), and the distribution of those already described is poorly understood (Wallacean shortfall). Metabarcoding holds much promise to fill this gap, however, nuclear copies of mitochondrial genes, and other artefacts lead to taxonomic inflation, which compromises the reliability of biodiversity inventories. Here we explore the potential of a bioinformatic approach to jointly "denoise" and filter non-authentic mitochondrial sequences from metabarcode reads to obtain reliable soil beetle inventories and address open questions in soil biodiversity research, such as the scale of dispersal constraints in different soil layers. We sampled cloud forest arthropod communities from 49 sites in the Anaga peninsula of Tenerife (Canary Islands). We performed whole organism community DNA (wocDNA) metabarcoding, and built a local reference database with COI barcode sequences of 310 species of Coleoptera for filtering reads and the identification of metabarcoded species. This resulted in reliable haplotype data after considerably reducing nuclear mitochondrial copies and other artefacts. Comparing our results with previous beetle inventories, we found: (i) new species records, potentially representing undescribed species; (ii) new distribution records, and; (iii) validated phylogeographic structure when compared with traditional sequencing approaches. Analyses also revealed evidence for higher dispersal constraint within deeper soil beetle communities, compared to those closer to the surface. The combined power of barcoding and metabarcoding contribute to mitigate the important shortfalls associated with soil arthropod diversity data, and thus address unresolved questions for this vast biodiversity fraction.</p>
Blind Sparse Deconvolution for Spike Inference from Fluorescence: Larval Zebrafish fluorescence recordings
<p>This repository contains the two fluorescence imaging datasets used in the publication "Blind Sparse Deconvolution for Spike Inference from Fluorescence Recordings". Each dataset is a T X N DF/F matrix, where T is the number of fluorescence measurement and N is the number of neurons. They were obtained from light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. Both recordings correspond to spontaneous activity.</p> <p>The first file "DFF_20Hz_GCaMP3.mat" was obtained by a 2D recording acquired at 20 frame/second for 20 minutes of a 5dpf-old zebrafish larva expressing the genetically encoded indicator GCaMP3 (elavl3:GCaMP3). The images were parsed into 8082 neural traces.</p> <p>The second file "DFF_1Hz_GCaMP5.mat" was obtained by a 3D, whole-brain recording acquired at 20 frame/second and 20 stacks, (1 measurement/voxel/s) of a 5dpf-old zebrafish larva expressing the genetically encoded indicator GCaMP5. After segmentation, 255463 fluorescence traces encompassing the brain volume are computed independently.</p>
Vision-IMU Based Collaborative Control of a Blind UAV
<p><strong>This video demonstrates the concept of two UAVs in which one UAV is ‘blind’, i.e. has no sensing methods other than its onboard IMU, whereas the other UAV has a proper knowledge of its position and orientation in space. By observing a marker attached to the blind UAV, the other UAV helps the blind UAV in controlling its absolute position in space. It does so by estimating the relative pose between the two and adding this to the absolute position estimate of the ‘non-blind’ UAV. The video shows a proof-of-concept for this approach, which could be utilized in cases where an aerial manipulator needs to interact closely with feature-poor environments. </strong></p>
Catalog-level blinding on the bispectrum for DESI-like galaxy surveys
<p>Points used in the Figures in the paper "Catalog-level blinding on the bispectrum for DESI-like galaxy surveys".</p>
Data from: Safety and efficacy of BCG re-vaccination in relation to COVID-19 morbidity in healthcare workers: A double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
<p>Morbidity and mortality attributable to COVID-19 is devastating global health systems and economies. Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been in use for many decades to prevent severe forms of tuberculosis in children. Studies have also shown a combination of improved long-term innate or trained immunity (through epigenetic reprogramming of myeloid cells) and adaptive responses after BCG vaccination, which leads to non-specific protective effects in adults. Observational studies have shown that countries with routine BCG vaccination programs have significantly less reported cases and deaths of COVID-19, but such studies are prone to significant bias and need confirmation. To date, in the absence of direct evidence, WHO does not recommend BCG for the prevention of COVID-19. This project aims to investigate in a timely manner whether and why BCG-revaccination can reduce infection rate and/or disease severity in health care workers during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in South Africa. </p> <p>These objectives will be achieved with a blinded, randomised controlled trial of BCG revaccination versus placebo in exposed front-line staff in hospitals in Cape Town. Observations will include the rate of infection with COVID-19 as well as the occurrence of mild, moderate or severe ambulatory respiratory tract infections, hospitalisation, need for oxygen, mechanical ventilation or death. HIV-positive individuals will be excluded. Safety of the vaccines will be monitored. A secondary endpoint is the occurrence of latent or active tuberculosis. Initial sample size and follow-up duration is at least 500 workers and 52 weeks. Statistical analysis will be model-based and ongoing in real time with frequent interim analyses and optional increases of both sample size or observation time, based on the unforeseeable trajectory of the South African COVID-19 epidemic, available funds and recommendations of an independent data and safety monitoring board. The study will be supported by a novel 3D lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 infection system that can mimic the cascade of immunological events after SARS-CoV-2 infection to determine and analyse the contribution of cellular components to the impact of BCG revaccination in this study.</p> <p>Given the immediate threat of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic the trial has been designed as a pragmatic study with highly feasible endpoints that can be continuously measured. This allows for the most rapid identification of a beneficial outcome that would lead to immediate dissemination of the results, vaccination of the control group and outreach to the health authorities to consider BCG vaccination for all qualifying health care workers.</p>
Thrust-dominated unilateral rupture of a blind listric fault associated with the 2024 Hualien earthquake
<p>Slip model and the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) of the 2024 Hualian Mw 7.4 earthquake.</p>
Fig. 1 in Preliminary data on the defensive behavior and vocalization of the Lesser blind mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon (Nordmann, 1840)
Fig. 1. Defensive posture of the Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon (Nordmann, 1840).
Fig 3 in Preliminary data on the defensive behavior and vocalization of the Lesser blind mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon (Nordmann, 1840)
Fig 3. Consecutive series of 10 harsh calls.
Fig 2 in Preliminary data on the defensive behavior and vocalization of the Lesser blind mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon (Nordmann, 1840)
Fig 2. Harsh calls consisting of sequences of single very short phases.
Fig. 1 in Biology of the blind geobiont scarab beetle genus Chaetonyx Schaum, 1862 (Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) with new distribution records of Ch. robustus Schaum, 1862 from Bulgaria
Fig. 1. Sampling site at the Zemen Gorge, SW Bulgaria.
HINC dataset from: Homeopathic treatment as an add-on therapy may improve quality of life and prolong survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-arm, multicenter study
<p class="CxSpFirst"><b>Background:</b> Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have limited treatment options. Alongside conventional anticancer treatment, additive homeopathy might help to alleviate side effects of conventional therapy. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether additive homeopathy might influence quality of life (QoL) and survival in NSCLC patients.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Methods:</b> In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-arm, multicenter, phase III study, we evaluated the possible effects of additive homeopathic treatment compared with placebo in NSCLC stage IV patients with respect to QoL in the two randomized groups and survival time in all three groups. Treated patients visited the outpatients' centers every 9 weeks. 150 Patients with stage IV NSCLC were included in the study. 98 received either individualized homeopathic remedies (n=51) or placebo (n=47) in a double-blinded fashion. 52 control patients without any homeopathic treatment were observed for survival only. The constituents of the different homeopathic remedies were mainly of plant, mineral or animal origin. The remedies were manufactured by stepwise dilution and succussion, thereby preparing stable Good Manufacturing Practice grade formulations.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Results:</b> QoL as well as functional and symptom scales showed significant improvement in the homeopathy group when compared with placebo after 9 and 18 weeks of homeopathic treatment (p<0.001). Median survival time was significantly longer in the homeopathy group (435 days) vs placebo (257 days; p=0.010) as well as vs control (228 days; p<0.001). Survival rate in the homeopathy group differed significantly from placebo (p=0.020) and from control (p<0.001).</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Conclusion:</b> QoL improved significantly in the homeopathy group compared with placebo. In addition, survival was significantly longer in the homeopathy group versus placebo and control. A higher QoL might have contributed to the prolonged survival. The study suggests that homeopathy positively influences not only QoL but also survival. Further studies including other tumor entities are warranted.</p>
Education Services for the Deaf and Blind of the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (ESDB dataset)
<p>The second dataset used in this study was collected by our group jointly with the Education Services for the Deaf and Blind (ESDB) of the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction under IRB 14046 of NC State University. For the ESDB data, the 14 sessions collected were grouped into pairs to ease a granular analysis, hence ending with 7 sessions. The characteristics of each dataset can be found in website.</p>
Novel husbandry practices result in rapid rates of growth and sexual maturation without impacting adult behavior in the blind Mexican cavefish
<p>The development of animal model systems is dependent on the standardization of husbandry protocols that increase fecundity and reduce generation time. The blind Mexican tetra, <em>Astyanax mexicanus</em>, is an emerging genetic vertebrate model for evolution and biomedical research. Surface and cave populations of <em>A. mexicanus</em> have independently evolved, providing a model system for studying the genetic basis of divergent biological traits. While a rapid increase in the use of <em>A. mexicanus</em> has led to the generation of genetic tools including gene-editing and transgenesis, a slow and inconsistent growth rate remains a major limitation to the expanded application of <em>A. mexicanus</em>. The optimization of husbandry protocols that maximize high-nutrient feed, smaller tank densities, and larger tank sizes across development, would facilitate faster growth and expand the use of this model. Here, we describe standardized husbandry practices that optimize growth through a high-protein diet, increased feeding, growth sorting of larvae and juveniles, and tank size transitions based on standard length. These changes to husbandry had a significant effect on growth rates and decreased the age of sexual maturity in comparison to our previous protocols. To determine whether our nutritional change and increased feeding impacted behavior, we tested fish in exploration and schooling assays. We found that a change in diet had no effect on the behaviors we tested, suggesting that increased feeding and rapid growth will not impact the natural variation in behavioral traits. Taken together, this standardized husbandry protocol will accelerate the development of <em>A. mexicanus</em> as a genetic model.</p>
Data for: Single-blind determination of methane detection limits and quantification accuracy using aircraft-based LiDAR
<p>Methane detection limits, emission rate quantification accuracy, and potential cross-species interference are assessed for Bridger Photonics' Gas Mapping LiDAR (GML) system utilizing data collected during laboratory testing and single-blind controlled release testing. Laboratory testing identified no significant interference in the path-integrated methane measurement from the gas species tested (ethylene, ethane, propane, n-butane, i-butane, and carbon dioxide). The controlled release study, comprised of 650 individual measurement passes, represents the largest dataset collected to date to characterize GML with respect to point-source emissions. Binomial regression is utilized to create detection curves illustrating the likelihood of detecting an emission of a given size under different wind conditions and for different flight altitudes. Wind-normalized methane detection limits (90% detection rate) of 0.25 (kg/h)/(m/s) and 0.41 (kg/h)/(m/s) are observed at a flight altitude of 500 feet and 675 feet above ground level, respectively. Quantification accuracy is also assessed for emissions ranging from 0.15 to 1400 kg/h. When emission rate estimates were generated using wind from High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model (the primary wind source that Bridger uses for their commercial operations), linear regression indicates bias of 8.1% (R2 = 0.89). For 95% of controlled releases above Bridger's stated production-sector detection sensitivity (3 kg/h with 90% probability of detection), accuracy of individual emission rate estimates produced using HRRR wind ranged from -64.1% to 87.0%. Across all controlled releases 38.1% of estimates had error within +/- 20%, and 87.3% of measurements were within a factor of two (-50% to +100% error). At low wind speed (less than 2 m/s) and low emission rates (less than 3 kg/h) emission estimates are biased high; however, when removed do not impact the regression significantly. The aggregate quantification error including all detected emission events was +8.2% using the HRRR wind source. The resulting detection curves and quantification accuracy illustrate important implications which must be considered when using measurements from GML or other remote emission measurement techniques to inform or validate inventory models, or to audit reported emission levels from oil and gas systems.</p>
Double-blind peer review affects reviewer ratings and editor decisions at an ecology journal
<p><span>There is substantial evidence that systemic biases influence the scholarly peer review process. Many scholars have advocated for double-blind peer review (also known as double-anonymous review) to reduce these biases. However, the effectiveness of double‐blind peer review in eliminating biases is uncertain because few randomized trials have manipulated blinding of author identities for journal submissions, and those that have are generally small or provide few insights on how it influences reviewer biases. </span></p> <p><span>In 2019, Functional Ecology began a large randomized trial, using real manuscript submissions, to evaluate the various consequences of shifting to double-blind peer review. Research papers submitted to the journal were randomly assigned to be reviewed with author identities blinded to reviewers (double‐blind review) or with authors identified to reviewers (single-blind review). In this paper, we explore the effect of blinding on the outcomes of peer review, examining reviewer ratings and editorial decisions, and ask whether author gender and/or location mediate the effects of review type. </span></p> <p><span>Double-blind review reduced the average success of manuscripts in peer review; papers reviewed with author identities blinded received on average lower ratings from reviewers and were less likely to be invited for revision or resubmission. However, the effect of review treatment varied with author location. </span></p> <p><span>Papers with first authors residing in countries with a higher human development index (HDI) and/or higher average English proficiency fared much better than those from countries with a lower HDI and lower English proficiency, but only when author identities were known to reviewers; outcomes were similar between demographic groups when author identities were not known to reviewers.</span></p> <p><span>Blinding author identities had no effect on gender differences in reviewer ratings or editor decisions. </span></p> <p><span>Our data provide strong evidence that authors from higher income and/or English-speaking countries receive significant benefits (a large positive bias) to being identified to reviewers during the peer review process, and that anonymizing author-identities (e.g., double-blind review) reduces this bias, making the peer review process more equitable. We suggest that offering optional blinding of author identities, as some journals allow, is unlikely to substantially reduce the biases that exist because authors from higher-income and English-speaking countries are the least likely to choose to be reviewed with their identity anonymized.</span></p>
DeepCV: A Deep Learning Framework for Blind Search of Collective Variables in Expanded Configurational Space
<p>We present <em>Deep learning for Collective Variables</em> (DeepCV), a computer code that provides an efficient and customizable implementation of the deep autoencoder neural network (DAENN) algorithm that has been developed in our group for computing collective variables (CVs) and can be used with enhanced sampling methods to reconstruct free energy surfaces of chemical reactions. DeepCV can be used to conveniently calculate molecular features, train models, generate CVs, validate rare events from sampling, and analyze a trajectory for chemical reactions of interest. We use DeepCV in an example study of the conformational transition of cyclohexene, where metadynamics simulations are performed using DAENN-generated CVs. The results show that the adopted CVs give free energies in line with those obtained by previously developed CVs and experimental results. DeepCV is open-source software written in Python/C++ object-oriented languages, based on the TensorFlow framework and distributed free of charge for noncommercial purposes, which can be incorporated into general molecular dynamics software. DeepCV also comes with several additional tools, i.e., an application program interface (API), documentation, and tutorials.</p>
Data from: An investigation into the effectiveness of using acoustic touch to assist people who are blind
<p>In this work, we explored the potential of a technique known as "acoustic touch" to assist people who are blind in finding objects. This technique is an auditory sensory augmentation paradigm that uses smart glasses to sonify objects entering the device's field of view. We developed a wearable Foveated Audio Device (FAD) to study the efficacy and usability of using acoustic touch to search, memorise, and reach items. The study involved 14 participants, 7 blind/low vision and 7 sighted blindfolded participants. We compared the wearable device to two idealised conditions, a verbal clock face description and a sequential audio presentation through external speakers. We found that the wearable device can effectively aid the recognition and reaching of an object. We also observed that the device does not significantly increase the user's cognitive workload. These promising results suggest that acoustic touch can provide a wearable and effective method of sensory augmentation.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.