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246 results for “body temperature”
Changes in body surface temperature play an under-appreciated role in the avian immune response
<p>Fever and hypothermia are well characterized components of systemic inflammation. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying such changes in body temperature is largely limited to rodent models and other mammalian species. In mammals, high dosages of an inflammatory agent (e.g., lipopolysaccharide, LPS) typically leads to hypothermia (decrease in body temperature below normothermic levels), which is largely driven by a reduction in thermogenesis, and not changes in peripheral vasomotion (i.e., changes in blood vessel tone). In birds, however, hypothermia occurs frequently, even at lower dosages, but the thermoeffector mechanisms associated with the response remain unknown. We immune-challenged zebra finches (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>) with LPS and monitored changes in subcutaneous temperature and energy balance (i.e., body mass, food intake), and assessed surface temperatures of, and heat loss across, the eye region, bill, and legs. We hypothesized that if birds employ similar thermoregulatory mechanisms to similarly-sized mammals, LPS-injected individuals would reduce subcutaneous body temperature and maintain constant surface temperatures when compared with saline-injected individuals. Instead, LPS-injected individuals showed a slight elevation in body temperature, and this response coincided with a reduction in peripheral heat loss, particularly across the legs, as opposed to changes in energy balance. However, we note that our interpretations should be taken with caution due to small sample sizes within each treatment. We suggest that peripheral vasomotion, allowing for heat retention, is an underappreciated component of the sickness-induced thermoregulatory response of small birds.</p>
Body temperature is a repeatable trait in a free-ranging passerine bird
<p><span>Body temperature (T<sub>b</sub>) affects animal function through its influence on rates of biochemical and biophysical reactions, the molecular structures of proteins and tissues, metabolic rate, and ultimately, organismal performance. Despite its importance in driving physiological processes, there are few data on how much variation in T<sub>b</sub> exists within populations of organisms, and whether this variation consistently differs among individuals over time (i.e., repeatability of a trait). Understanding the repeatability of T<sub>b</sub> is important for predicting how animal populations will respond to climatic warming, given that endotherms maintain T<sub>b</sub> that are close to the upper lethal threshold. </span> Here, we quantified the repeatability of <span>T<sub>b</sub>, both in the context of a fixed average environment (~21</span>°C) environment and across ambient temperatures, in a free-living population of tree swallows (<em>Tachycineta bicolor</em>). by experimentally trimming the ventral plumage of a subset of female swallows, we also asked whether the repeatability of T<span><sub>b</sub> is influenced by the capacity to dissipate body heat. </span>We found that the T<sub>b</sub> of both female and male tree swallows was highly repeatable at <span>21</span>°C, and with increasing ambient temperatures. The repeatability of female T<sub>b</sub> did not differ as a function of heat dissipation capacity, thereby supporting the hypothesis that individual performance is limited by the capacity to dissipate body heat. To our knowledge, our study is the first to provide evidence that T<sub>b</sub> is a repeatable trait in a free-living bird, and that avian T<sub>b</sub> could therefore be responsive to natural selection.</p>
Effect of temperature on the post-diapause development rate, survival, and body mass of the solitary wasp Isodontia elegans
<p>We examined the relationship of post-diapause rearing temperature to developmental rate, survival, and adult body mass of the solitary wasp <em>Isodontia</em> <em>elegans</em> using prepupae from trap-nests. <em>Isodontia</em> <em>elegans</em> is a member of a genus often found in trap-nests in North America and Europe. Trap-nests are commonly used tools for studying cavity-nesting solitary wasps and bees. In temperate zones, progeny in nests usually overwinter as fully prepupae before pupating and emerging as adults. An important aspect of properly using trap-nests is determining temperatures that affect survival and health of developing offspring. After overwintering >600 cocoons containing prepupae after the summers of 2015 and 2016, we placed cocoons on a laboratory thermal gradient where offspring experienced one of 19 constant temperatures from 643°C; emergence of adults was monitored for 100 days. Our conservative estimate for the critical thermal minimum for development is 14°C, whereas that for the critical maximum is ~33°C. Prepupae transitioned to adults most rapidly at 29–33°C, but developmental rate was lower for some progeny exposed to temperatures ≥30°C. Offspring successfully reached the adult stage in <100 days at of temperatures of ~19–33°C. Adults from cocoons reared at lower temperatures weighed on average 6-10% more than expected based on their head widths, whereas those reared at higher temperatures weighed 4–10% less than expected. The difference may be due to greater rates of water loss and lipid metabolism during development at higher temperatures. Pre-overwintering cocoon mass was a significant predictor of relative adult body mass, indicating that adult health is partly related to their condition before overwintering. The trends we observed were similar to those for the bee <em>Megachile</em> <em>rotundata</em>, which we previously studied on the same gradient apparatus. However, data are needed on many other species of wasps and bees from a diversity of environments. </p>
Changes of Body Temperature During Shoulder Arthroscopy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01493700. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effects of Active Warming on Temperature on Core Body and Thermal Comfort
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04985617. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
The Effect of Auricular Position on Measurement Values and Comfort in Measuring Body Temperature by Tympanic Method in Pediatric Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06175975. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Body Temperature and Perioperative Bleeding in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04686214. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effect of Wiping Bath Training on Early Bathing, Body Temperature and Umbilical Cord Fall Time in Newborns
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06706804. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 2.
The Effect of Perioperative Warm Socks on Maintaining Body Temperature in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06592807. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Investigating the Effect of Single-session Sauna Use on Body Temperature
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04249700. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Examine the Effects of Maintaining Body Core Temperature During CABGs
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00791050. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Intraoperative Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Camera: Comparison With Esophageal, and Skin Temperatures
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04964232. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
Effect of Breathing Circuits on Intraoperative Body Temperature
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01831843. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Core Body Temperature Measurement During Hot and Cold Environmental Exposure
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01793337. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effect of Preoperative Active Warming on Intraoperative Body Temperature
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05334589. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Management of Healthy Newborn's Body Temperature at Birth
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06275932. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Optimal Temperature Control in Body Contouring Procedures
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06238739. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Cognitive Effects of Body Temperature During Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02834065. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Estimation of the Difference Between the Temperature of the Peritoneal Microenvironment and the Central Body Temperature During Laparoscopic Surgery. Prospective Observational Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04294758. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Intraoperative Body Core Temperature Monitoring: Oesophageal Probe vs Heated Controlled Servo Sensor
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03820232. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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OpenNeuro
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