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355 results for “collapses”
Fig. 62. Reduced strict consensus cladogram illustrating the relationships among nonparavian maniraptorans. Paravian taxa have been collapsed into a in A Review Of Dromaeosaurid Systematics And Paravian Phylogeny
Fig. 62. Reduced strict consensus cladogram illustrating the relationships among nonparavian maniraptorans. Paravian taxa have been collapsed into a single terminal.
The impact of individual variation on abrupt collapses in mutualistic networks
<p>R Data and R scripts for the paper in Ecology Letters "The impact of individual variation on abrupt collapses in mutualistic networks"</p> <p>Contact: <a href="mailto:gbaruahecoevo@gmail.com">gbaruahecoevo@gmail.com</a></p>
Text-fig. 43. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy SRXTM images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 2"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the apical projection of the carpels and the semiinferior organization; b) Apical view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the triangular shape of the hypanthial rim, the tricarpellate ovary with a single apical style; note that one locule is fully developed while the other two are collapsed; note also slits of unknown nature in the corners of the triangular hypanthial rim (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0712) close to the floral apex showing the locule of the one fully developed carpel with ovules borne along ventral placentae; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; d) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0858) through the locule of the one fully developed carpel showing the semi-inferior organization and ovules arranged along the full length of the carpel; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; e) Tangential longitudinal section (orthoslice yz1019) through the one fully developed locule, showing the densely packed ovules and the amorphous substance (asterisk) with which they are associated. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174901 (a–e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 43. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy SRXTM images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 2"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the apical projection of the carpels and the semiinferior organization; b) Apical view of floral structure (volume rendering) showing the triangular shape of the hypanthial rim, the tricarpellate ovary with a single apical style; note that one locule is fully developed while the other two are collapsed; note also slits of unknown nature in the corners of the triangular hypanthial rim (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0712) close to the floral apex showing the locule of the one fully developed carpel with ovules borne along ventral placentae; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; d) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0858) through the locule of the one fully developed carpel showing the semi-inferior organization and ovules arranged along the full length of the carpel; note amorphous substance (asterisk) associated with the developing ovules that fills part of the locule space; e) Tangential longitudinal section (orthoslice yz1019) through the one fully developed locule, showing the densely packed ovules and the amorphous substance (asterisk) with which they are associated. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174901 (a–e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e).
Data package for paper "Functional diversity can facilitate the collapse of an undesirable ecosystem state"
<p>Data package accompanying the paper "Functional diversity can facilitate the collapse of an undesirable ecosystem state". The data package includes:</p> <ul> <li>Results and parameter of the experiments</li> <li>Measures extracted from the results for the paper</li> <li>intermediate data used for plotting</li> </ul> <p>The code is available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744094">10.5281/zenodo.7744094</a></p> <p>The paper is available at ENTER DOI</p>
Dataset For "Nyiragongo crater collapses measured by multi-sensor SAR amplitude time series"
<p>This archive contains the input ant results files used with PickCraterSAR for publication "Nyiragongo crater collapses measured by multi-sensor SAR amplitude time series" submitted to JGR-SE.</p> <p>It also contains crops of each amplitude images used in this study in ENVI format with corresponding headers.</p> <p>At least, it contains the ash index values derives from SEVIRI data analysis.</p>
Data from: Island-wide characterization of agricultural production challenges the demographic collapse hypothesis for Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
On the impermanence of species: The collapse of genetic incompatibilities in hybridizing populations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Equation of state for simulations of core-collapse supernovae and neutron-star mergers
<p>We construct a new equation of state (EOS) for numerical simulations of core-collapse supernovae and neutron-star mergers based on an extended relativistic mean-field model with a small symmetry energy slope L, which is compatible with both experimental nuclear data and recent observations of neutron stars. The new EOS table (EOS4) based on the extended TM1 (TM1e) model with L=40 MeV is designed in the same tabular form as the commonly used Shen EOS (EOS2) based on the original TM1 model with L=110.8 MeV. This is convenient and useful for performing numerical simulations and examining the influences of symmetry energy and its density dependence on astrophysical phenomena. </p> <p> </p>
Experimental data and videos of steel wide-flange and HSS columns tested under collapse-consistent loading histories
<p>The experimental dataset is comprised of the following items:</p> <p>(a) a <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Experimental_Program.pdf">summary table</a> that contains the geometric and material parameters for each test specimen along with deduced quantities of interest with regard to the collapse behavior of each specimen;</p> <p>(b) the deduced experimental data of <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Deduced_Data_Wide_Flange_Columns.xlsx">wide-flange specimens</a>;</p> <p>(c) the deduced experimental data of <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Deduced_Data_HSS_Columns.xlsx">hollow structural shape (HSS) specimens</a>.</p> <p>The deduced data contains normalized axial shortening, chord rotation and deduced moment (without member p-delta).</p> <p>(d) The <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0e8fafb8-f08d-4e19-8515-643b675faa1d/Suzuki_Lignos-2020-Experimental_Program.pdf">summary report of the experimental program</a> along with an appendix of photos of each specimen is included together with the dataset.</p> <p>(e) characteristic videos for each specimen that demonstrate the member performance through the loss of their lateral load carrying capacity.</p>
Attributes of Nuclear Waste Disposal Systems through collapsible tree diagram
<p>Code for https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124390.</p> <p>Code produced by François Diaz-Maurin.</p>
Native biodiversity collapse in the Eastern Mediterranean
<p>Global warming causes the poleward shift of the trailing edges of marine ectotherm species distributions. In the semi-enclosed Mediterranean Sea, continental masses and oceanographic barriers do not allow natural connectivity with thermophilic species pools: as trailing edges retreat, a net diversity loss occurs. We quantify this loss on the Israeli shelf, among the warmest areas in the Mediterranean, by comparing current native molluscan richness with the historical one obtained from surficial death assemblages. We recorded only 12% and 5% of historically present native species on shallow subtidal soft and hard substrates, respectively. This is the largest climate-driven regional-scale diversity loss in the oceans documented to date. In contrast, assemblages in the intertidal, more tolerant to climatic extremes, and in the cooler mesophotic zone show ~50% of the historical native richness. Importantly, ~60% of the recorded shallow subtidal native species do not reach reproductive size, making the shallow shelf a demographic sink. We predict that, as climate warms, this native biodiversity collapse will intensify and expand geographically, counteracted only by Indo-Pacific species entering from the Suez Canal. These assemblages, shaped by climate warming and biological invasions, give rise to a 'novel ecosystem' whose restoration to historical baselines is not achievable.</p>
Code and data for: Exposure to climate change drives stability or collapse of desert mammal and bird communities
<p>The following code and data are used to generate the results for the publication "Exposure to climate change drives stability or collapse of desert mammal and bird communities". Climate_Data.zip contains the monthly minimum and maximum temperatures, vegetation data, and soil thickness data to generate microclimates. NicheMapR_code_and_files.zip contains the script and data necessary to generate the microhabitats. Endoscape.zip contains the data and script necessary to run the heat flux models. Resurvey_data.zip contains the jags data to run the occupancy models for small mammals and birds. The read_me file contains the descriptions of all data and script necessary to reproduce the data from the publication.</p>
Data used in the paper entitled: Damaged Speleothems and Collapsed Karst Chambers Indicate Paleoseismicity of the NE Bohemian Massif (Niedźwiedzia Cave, Poland), published in TECTONICS
<p>Multiphase speleothem damage and passage collapse in Niedźwiedzia Cave (E: 16°50′36,65″, N: 50°14′04,26″) NE Bohemian Massif, Poland, were studied with an integrative approach to decipher the cause of damage during the last 320 ka. Since the most likely trigger of damage in the cave was an earthquake, we support our interpretation with a probable seismic intensity prediction to define a seismogenic source and to calculate the expected macroseismic intensity and peak ground acceleration (PGA) at the research site. Finally, we evaluate probable seismic effects in the cave with the elastic properties of speleothems to ascertain a threshold value of failure.<br> The relative range of earthquake hazards for a particular site depends significantly on the decrease in the ground motion amplitude (or intensity) with distance from all surrounding potential seismic sources, event size, and type of acting mechanism. The ground motion relation generally depends on the depth of focus, earthquake mechanism, and geological conditions along the path (Schenková et al., 1981). Therefore, to discuss probable seismic effects in Niedźwiedzia caves and their vicinities, we used the attenuation curves presented previously for the research area (Schenková et al., 1981; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00878971;">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00878971;</a> see the coefficient for the 13th zone). Dataset 2020TC006459_ds_to fig.5 contains a calculation of the attenuation curves, i.e., decrees of the intensity (on the MSK scale) and PGA (m/s2) with distance from the epicenter. We used these data to estimate (or to predict) the expected values of intensities ranging with distance from the seismogenic source region. This approach is a steady-state approximation because we assumed that isoseismal spread is regularly distributed around the epicenter and that the local influence of discontinuities is omitted.<br> The failure criteria resulting in speleothem damage were evaluated on a prismatic cantilever beam supported at one end. The parameters describing these criteria are the speleothem natural frequency and the corresponding critical horizontal ground acceleration (m/s2), which depend on elastic properties of the speleothem and the following geometric dimensions: height, H, and diameter, D, measured in situ (we acquired geometric measurements for 50 broken speleothems in Niedźwiedzia Cave). The horizontal ground acceleration is the limit value when at which speleothems breaks. The natural frequency (Hz) indicates that the failure process is more likely to occur if the natural frequency (or resonance frequency) is in accordance with the seismic wave frequency affecting the speleothem. If both frequencies match, the speleothem resonates, enhancing the oscillation effect, which may lead to damage. Dataset 2020TC006459_ds_to fig.6 contains H and D measurements of 50 broke speleothems and calculated natural frequency and critical horizontal ground acceleration for each measured speleothem. The values of both failure parameters depend on elastic properties that can be assessed in laboratory tests in which the following parameters are estimated: P- and S-wave velocities, Vp and Vs, respectively, using an acoustic measurement system, density, ρ, (from the measured mass and volume), Young’s modulus, E, and tensile stress, σt. The AMS tests were carried out at the Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland. The failure stress was estimated based on the uniaxial compressive stress test carried out in the external laboratory of AP GEOTECHNIKA, Katowice, Poland, using a universal testing machine. The strength tests were conducted for two 0.05x0.05 m (height/dimension, h/d = 1) speleothems samples.</p>
Data from: Nineteenth-century collapse of a benthic marine ecosystem on the open continental shelf
The soft-sediment seafloor of the open continental shelf is among the least-known biomes on Earth, despite its high diversity and importance to fisheries and biogeochemical cycling. Abundant dead shells of epifaunal suspension-feeding terebratulid brachiopods (Laqueus) and scallops on the now-muddy mainland continental shelf of southern California reveal the recent, previously unsuspected extirpation of an extensive offshore shell-gravel ecosystem, evidently driven by anthropogenic siltation. Living populations of attached epifauna, which formerly existed in a middle- and outer-shelf mosaic with patches of trophically diverse muds, are restricted today to rocky seafloor along the shelf edge and to the sandier shelves of offshore islands. Geological age-dating of 190 dead brachiopod shells shows that (i) no shells have been produced on the mainland shelf within the last 100 years, (ii) their shell production declined steeply during the nineteenth century, and (iii) they had formerly been present continuously for at least 4 kyr. This loss, sufficiently rapid (less than or equal to 100 years) and thorough to represent an ecosystem collapse, coincides with intensification of alluvial-plain land use in the nineteenth century, particularly livestock grazing. Extirpation was complete by the start of twentieth-century urbanization, warming, bottom fishing and scientific surveys. The loss of this filter-feeding fauna and the new spatial homogeneity and dominance of deposit- and detritus-feeders would have altered ecosystem functioning by reducing habitat heterogeneity and seawater filtering. This discovery, attesting to the power of this geological approach to recent ecological transitions, also strongly increases the spatial scope attributable to the negative effects of siltation, and suggests that it has been under-recognized on continental shelves elsewhere as a legacy of coastal land use.
A Detailed Comparison of Multi-Dimensional Boltzmann Neutrino Transport Methods in Core-Collapse Supernovae
<p>This dataset contains results of 1D and 2D static neutrino transport calculations using discrete ordinates and Monte Carlo methods, as described in the 2017 paper by the same name. The results include the neutrino momentum space grids used for the simulations, the full spectral and angular distribution functions, energy-dependent angular moments of the distribution functions, and neutrino heating rates. The HDF5 dataset name corresponds to the simulation of the same name in the 2017 paper, Table 1. Also included are the fluid backgrounds and opacities. See the readme for a description of all quantities in the datasets.</p> <p>There are also two simulation setups including all initial conditions and parameters for 1D and 2D Monte Carlo calculations using the open-source code Sedonu. This accompanies Sedonu commit 8bd509b27aa0461df26b194df65b4526d6c153fe.</p>
Data for "A potential collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation may stabilise eastern Amazonian rainforests"
<p>Data for the publication "A potential collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation may stabilise eastern Amazonian rainforests" by Nian et al. DOI: 10.1038/s43247-023-01123-7</p>
Pittsburgh Bridge Collapse in Frick Park
Based on a drone video by Kevin Keys here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqFoeGbo5JI The video was processed into frames using VLC then RealityCapture was used generate the textured model. Blender and InstaLOD were then used for model prep and optimization and upload. Newer version with more complete reconstruction here: https://skfb.ly/o8Xzt Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Data and code for: Sea level rise causes shorebird population collapse before habitat drowns
<p>Sea level rise causes habitat loss and is considered to be a key threat to coastal species globally. Sea level rise also reduces habitat quality, potentially threatening populations already before habitat drowns and is lost. The extent and timing of changes in habitat quality for wildlife actively adapting to sea level rise, and how this affects population numbers under different emission scenarios, is unknown. Here, we combine long-term field data with models of sea level rise, marsh geomorphology, adaptive behaviour, and population dynamics to show that habitat quality is already declining on three islands due to increased flooding of shorebird nests. Also, population collapses are projected well before habitat drowns. Habitat loss, a widely used proxy, thus severely underestimates population impacts of sea level rise and coastal species will suffer much sooner than previously thought. Despite shorebirds adapting by moving to higher grounds, sea level rise will result in up to 79% fewer birds in a century, eventually leading to extinction in their prime habitat. Local gas mining exacerbates matters, as deep soil subsidence makes habitat even more vulnerable to sea level rise, effectively halving the window of opportunity for conservation action. Climate change ultimately jeopardizes the biodiversity value of this UNESCO World Heritage Area, and nature management needs to take this long-term perspective on board by in the short-term, boosting the accretion of tidal marshes or developing flood-safe alternative habitat elsewhere.</p>
Data from: Decadal-scale time series highlight the role of chronic disturbances in driving ecosystem collapse in the Anthropocene
<p>These data support a publication in the Journal Ecology that describes 37 years of change on the coral reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands. In this paper, four decades of surveys from two coral reefs (9 and 14 m depth) off St. John, US Virgin Islands, are used to quantify the associations of acute and chronic events with the changes in benthic community structure. These reefs profoundly changed over 36 years, with coral death altering species assemblages to depress abundances of the ecologically important coral <em>Orbicella</em> spp. and elevating the coverage of macroalgae and crustose coralline algae/turf/bare space (CTB). Linear mixed models revealed the prominent role of chronic variation in temperature in accounting for changes in coverage of corals, macroalgae, and CTB, with rising temperature associated with increases in coral cover on the deep reef, and declines on the shallow reef. Hurricanes were also associated with declines in coral cover on the shallow reef, and increases on the deep reef. Multivariate analyses revealed strong associations between community structure and temperature, but weaker associations with hurricanes, bleaching, and diseases. These results highlight the overwhelming importance of chronically increasing temperature in altering the benthic community structure of Caribbean reefs.</p>
The Three-Dimensional Collapse Of A Rapidly Rotating 16 $M_{\odot}$ Star
<p>Data products from ApJL article The Three-Dimensional Collapse Of A Rapidly Rotating 16 $M_{\odot}$ Star, 2022. 3D rapidly rotating core-collapse supernova progenitor model at two different times. MESA inlist and model at time of mapping also included. All 3D data are in FLASH4 format using the HDF5 data structure. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.