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4,683 results for “embryonic”
Fig. 5. Titanosaurian embryonic jugal. A in Osteology of the sauropod embryos from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia
Fig. 5. Titanosaurian embryonic jugal. A. MCF−PVPH−264 (reversed). B. MCF−PVPH−263. C. MCF−PVPH−272. D. MCF−PVPH−262 (reversed).
Fig. 4. Titanosaurian embryonic premaxilla−maxilla complex. A in Osteology of the sauropod embryos from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia
Fig. 4. Titanosaurian embryonic premaxilla−maxilla complex. A. MCF−PVPH−264 (reversed). B. MCF−PVPH−263. C. MCF−PVPH−147 (reversed). D. MCF−PVPH−113b. E. MCF−PVPH−262. F. MCF−PVPH−250 (reversed).
Lineage-resolved analysis of embryonic gene expression evolution in C. elegans and C. briggsae
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Progesterone signaling in oviductal epithelial cells modulates the immune response to support preimplantation embryonic development
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Circuit mechanisms underlying embryonic retinal waves
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Transcriptional regulation underlying the temperature response of embryonic development rate in the winter moth
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Recognized trophoblast-like cells conversion from human embryonic stem cells by BMP4 based on convolutional neural network
<p>The use of models of stem cell differentiation to trophoblastic cells provides an effective perspective for understanding the early molecular events in the establishment and maintenance of human pregnancy. In combination with the newly developed deep learning technology, the automated identification of this process can greatly accelerate the contribution to relevant knowledge. Based on the transfer learning technique, we used a convolutional neural network to distinguish the microscopic images of Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from differentiated trophoblasts -like cells (TBL). To tackle the problem of insufficient training data, the strategies of data augmentation were used. The results showed that the convolutional neural network could successfully recognize trophoblast cells and stem cells automatically, but could not distinguish TBL from the immortalized trophoblast cell lines in vitro (JEG-3 and HTR8-SVneo). We compare the recognition effect of the commonly used convolutional neural network, including DenseNet, VGG16, VGG19, InceptionV3, and Xception. This study extends the deep learning technique to trophoblast cell phenotype classification and paves the way for automatic bright-field microscopic image analysis of trophoblast cells in the future.</p>
Data from: Laying sequence interacts with incubation temperature to influence rate of embryonic development and hatching synchrony in a precocial bird
Incubation starts during egg laying for many bird species and causes developmental asynchrony within clutches. Faster development of late-laid eggs can help reduce developmental differences and synchronize hatching, which is important for precocial species whose young must leave the nest soon after hatching. In this study, we examined the effect of egg laying sequence on length of the incubation period in Wood Ducks (Aix sponsa). Because incubation temperature strongly influences embryonic development rates, we tested the interactive effects of laying sequence and incubation temperature on the ability of late-laid eggs to accelerate development and synchronize hatching. We also examined the potential cost of faster development on duckling body condition. Fresh eggs were collected and incubated at three biologically relevant temperatures (Low: 34.9°C, Medium: 35.8°C, and High: 37.6°C), and egg laying sequences from 1 to 12 were used. Length of the incubation period declined linearly as laying sequence advanced, but the relationship was strongest at medium temperatures followed by low temperatures and high temperatures. There was little support for including fresh egg mass in models of incubation period. Estimated differences in length of the incubation period between eggs 1 and 12 were 2.7 d, 1.2 d, and 0.7 d at medium, low and high temperatures, respectively. Only at intermediate incubation temperatures did development rates of late-laid eggs increase sufficiently to completely compensate for natural levels of developmental asynchrony that have been reported in Wood Duck clutches at the start of full incubation. Body condition of ducklings was strongly affected by fresh egg mass and incubation temperature but declined only slightly as laying sequence progressed. Our findings show that laying sequence and incubation temperature play important roles in helping to shape embryo development and hatching synchrony in a precocial bird.
Data from: Geographic variation in adult and embryonic desiccation tolerance in a terrestrial-breeding frog
<p>Intra-specific variation in the ability of individuals to tolerate environmental perturbations is often neglected when considering the impacts of climate change. Yet this information is potentially crucial for mitigating deleterious effects of climate change on threatened species. Here we assessed patterns of intra-specific variation in desiccation tolerance in the frog <i>Pseudophryne guentheri</i>, a terrestrial-breeding species experiencing a drying climate. Adult frogs were collected from six populations across a rainfall gradient and their dehydration and rehydration rates were assessed. We also compared desiccation tolerance of embryos and hatchlings originating from within-population parental crosses from four of the populations. Embryos were reared on soil at three soil-water potentials and their desiccation tolerance was assessed across a range of traits. We found significant and strong patterns of intra-specific variation in almost all traits, both in adults and first-generation offspring. Adult frogs exhibited clinal variation in their water balance responses, with populations from drier sites both dehydrating and rehydrating more slowly compared to frogs from more mesic sites. Similarly, desiccation tolerance of first-generation offspring was significantly greater in populations from xeric sites. Our findings suggest that populations within this species will respond differently to the regional reduction in rainfall predicted by climate change models.</p>
Interspecies chimerism with human embryonic stem cells generates functional human dopamine neurons at low efficiency
<p>Interspecies chimeras offer great potential for regenerative medicine and creation of human disease models. Whether human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) derived neurons in an interspecies chimera can differentiate into functional neurons and integrate into host neural circuity is not known. Here we show, using Engrailed 1 (En1) as a development niche that human naïve-like ES cells can incorporate into embryonic and adult mouse brains. Human-derived neurons including tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons integrate into the mouse brain at low efficiency. These TH-positive neurons have electrophysiologic properties consistent with their human origin. Additionally, these human-derived neurons in the mouse brain accumulate pathologic phosphorylated α-synuclein in response to α-synuclein preformed fibrils. Optimization of human/mouse chimeras could be utilized to study human neuronal differentiation and human brain disorders.</p>
Aneuploid embryonic stem cells drive teratoma metastasis: source data
<h3>The dataset of "<strong>Aneuploid embryonic stem cells drive teratoma metastasis</strong>"</h3><p>1. Pathway enrichment of scRNA-seq.csv: a table containing the pathway enrichment results. (<strong>Supplementary fig10 d</strong>)</p><p>2. Bulk_RNA_processed.RDS: a Seurat object containing the results of bulk RNA-seq. (<strong>Supplementary fig11 h-l</strong>)</p><p>3. Relative cell abundance of ES captured by scRNA-seq.csv: A table containing the relative abundance of ES sub-populations in all ES cells for each sample. (<strong>fig5 c</strong>)</p><p>4. WES_out.RDS: an R object containing the results of WES processed by maftools. (<strong>fig2 b-g</strong>)</p><p>5. bulk_RNA_raw_matrix.RDS: an R object containing the raw count matrix of bulk RNA-seq samples. (<strong>Supplementary fig11 h-l</strong>)</p><p>6. scRNA-seq DEGs -- ES_stem vs. ES_Ori(WT).csv: a table containing the results of DEG analysis. (<strong>fig5 f</strong>)</p><p>7. scRNA-seq DEGs -- ES_stem vs. ES_Ori(AC).csv: a table containing the results of DEG analysis. (<strong>fig5 f</strong>)</p><p>8. pseudo time DEGs of scRNA-seq.csv: DEGs that change as ES differentiation. (<strong>fig5 e</strong>)</p><p>9. scRNA-seq_meta_info.tsv.gz: the meta information of scRNA-seq data. (<strong>fig5 and Supplementary fig10</strong>)</p><p>10. scRNA-seq_raw_matrix.mtx.gz: the raw count matrix of scRNA-seq data. (<strong>fig5 and Supplementary fig10</strong>)</p>
The effect of ambient temperature on bird embryonic development: A comparison between uniparental incubating silver-throated tits and biparental incubating black-throated tits
<p>The temperature experienced by avian embryos during development has important impacts on their growth and post-hatching phenotypes. Ambient temperature can directly affect avian nest temperature and indirectly affect it through its impact on parental incubation behaviours. Because the nests of uniparental incubators are usually left unattended more frequently than the nests of biparental incubators whose nests can be attended by another bird when one bird leaves the nest, we predict that the effect of ambient temperature on nest temperature and thus on embryonic development (specifically, incubation period length and hatching success) and post-hatching phenotype (i.e. potential carry-over effect on nestling body mass and condition) should be greater in uniparental incubators than in biparental incubators. To test this prediction, we studied two congeneric species, the biparental incubating black-throated tits (<em>Aegithalos concinnus</em>) and the uniparental incubating silver-throated tits (<em>A.</em> <em>glaucogularis</em>). We found that although the two species' embryos both developed faster (shorter incubation period length) when ambient temperature was higher, the slope was significantly greater for silver-throated tits than for black-throated tits, consistent with our prediction of a greater effect of ambient temperature on embryonic development in silver-throated tits. However, the result was not due to a greater effect of ambient temperature on nest temperature because nest temperatures of the two species had positive relationships with ambient temperature in a similar way. Therefore, it implies a greater response of silver-throated tit embryos to temperature change. In addition, ambient temperature during the incubation stage did not affect either hatching success or nestling body mass and condition in both species. Although our predictions were not fully supported, our findings highlight the different responses of embryonic development to environmental changes between a uniparental incubator and a biparental incubator and suggest further research to explore the mechanisms.</p>
Data from: fish (eggs) out of water: evolutionary divergence in terrestrial embryonic plasticity in Trinidadian killifish
<p>Research has shown that externally laid eggs are often responsive to environmental signals. How such embryonic plasticity evolves is unclear. In Trinidad, the killifish (<em>Anablepsoides hartii</em>) are found in communities with and without predators. Killifish inhabit shallower, ephemeral habitat in sites with predators. Such shifts increase the exposure of eggs to air and possible desiccation. We compared embryonic plasticity between communities by rearing eggs terrestrially on peat moss or in water. The timing of hatching did not differ between communities when eggs were reared in water. Eggs from sites with predators responded to terrestrial incubation by hatching significantly earlier compared to water reared eggs. These responses were weaker in sites with no predators. Such divergent trends show that the presence of predators is associated with shifts in embryonic plasticity. Our results provide new insights into the factors that favor the evolutionary transition between life on water vs. land.</p>
(12)-Pereyra2024A-DS0001--0009 – Nine Tribolium castaneum long-term live imaging datasets of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy
<p>(12)-Pereyra2024A-DS0001--0009 – Nine <em>Tribolium castaneum</em> long-term live imaging datasets of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy</p>
Ultra-high-resolution diffusion MRI atlas of CD1 embryonic mouse brains at E10.5-E15.5.
<p>This dataset is assciated with the paper "A Spatiotemporal Continuum of Embryonic Mouse Brain Development Built on Diffusion MR Microscopy for Probing Dynamic Gene-Neuroanatomy" on PNAS. For each stage, average FA (fractional anisotropy) and DEC (directionally encoded colormap) images (n=5) are provided. <br> <br> </p>
Supplemental Data for "Embryonic Exposure to Tryptophan Yields Bullying Victimization via Reprogramming the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in a Chicken Model"
<p>This is data set associated with an article "Embryonic Exposure to Tryptophan Yields Bullying Victimization via Reprogramming the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in a Chicken Model" by Xiaohong Huang, Jiaying Hu, Haining Peng, and Heng-wei Cheng, including Supplemental Table S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6.</p>
Intermittent ERK oscillations downstream of FGF in mouse embryonic stem cells
<p>Signal transduction networks generate characteristic dynamic activities to process extracellular signals and guide cell fate decisions such as to divide or differentiate. The differentiation of pluripotent cells is controlled by FGF/ERK signaling. However, only a few studies have addressed the dynamic activity of the FGF/ERK signaling network in pluripotent cells at high time resolution. Here, we use live cell sensors in wild-type and Fgf4-mutant mouse embryonic stem cells to measure dynamic ERK activity in single cells, for defined ligand concentrations and differentiation states. These sensors reveal pulses of ERK activity. Pulsing patterns are heterogeneous between individual cells. Consecutive pulse sequences occur more frequently than expected from simple stochastic models. Sequences become more prevalent with higher ligand concentration, but are rarer in more differentiated cells. Our results suggest that FGF/ERK signaling operates in the vicinity of a transition point between oscillatory and non-oscillatory dynamics in embryonic stem cells. The resulting heterogeneous dynamic signaling activities add a new dimension to cellular heterogeneity that may be linked to divergent fate decisions in stem cell cultures.</p>
Data from: Moderate climate warming scenarios during embryonic and post-embryonic stages benefit a cold-climate lizard
<p>Warming temperatures caused by climate change are predicted to vary temporally and spatially. For mid- and high-latitude reptiles, the seasonal variation in warming temperatures experienced by embryos and hatchlings may determine offspring fitness, yet this has remained largely unexplored.</p> <p>To evaluate the independent and interactive influence of seasonal variation in warming temperatures on embryonic and hatchling development, we incubated eggs and reared hatchlings of a cold-climate oviparous ectothermic species, the Heilongjiang grass lizard (<em>Takydromus amurensis</em>), following a 2 × 2 factorial design (present climate vs. warming climate for embryos × present climate vs. warming climate for hatchlings). We then evaluated embryonic and hatchling development, including hatching success, incubation period, initial hatchling body size, hatchling metabolic rate, growth rate, and survival in the mesocosms.</p> <p>We found that warming temperatures shortened the incubation period and produced hatchlings with higher survival rates than those incubated under the present climate conditions. Similarly, hatchlings reared under a warming climate had similar growth rates and resting metabolic rates, but higher survival rates than those reared under the present climate. Hatchlings that experienced both warming incubation and warming growth conditions had the highest survival rates.</p> <p>This study revealed that moderate warming temperatures (Representative Concentration Pathway, RCP 4.5, 1.1–2.6 °C) experienced by embryos and hatchlings interact to benefit hatchling fitness in cold-climate oviparous ectotherms. Our study also highlighted the importance of integrating seasonal variation in warming temperatures when evaluating the responses to climate warming in multiple developmental stages in oviparous ectotherms.</p>
Fig. 2 in Observations On The Embryonic Development Of Trichuris Sylvilagi (Nematoda, Trichuridae) Under Laboratory Conditions
Fig. 2. Morphological indicators of death of Trichuris sylvilagi eggs during cultivation.
Fig. 3 in Peculiarities Of Embryonic And Post-Embryonic Development Of Oesophagostomum Dentatum (Nematoda, Strongylidae) Larvae Cultured In Vitro
Fig. 3. Formation of Оesophagostomum dentatum L3 in vitro: a (×100); b (×400).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.