Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
484
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
484 results for “environmental effects”
Mid-Late Holocene coral calcification dynamics: Deciphering climatic and environmental effects
<p><span>Over the past four decades, a marked decrease in coral calcification has occurred across the world's tropical reefs, closely linked to climate change and human-activity impacts. However, how natural and human-induced factors influence coral calcification remains unclear due to limited understanding of the geological past. This study addresses this gap by investigating the calcification parameters of 82 <em>Porites</em> corals from the northern South China Sea, with growth periods covering distinct climatic epochs during the Mid-Late Holocene, including the Holocene Climate Optimum, 4.2 ka BP event, Medieval Climate Anomaly, Little Ice Age, and Current Warm Period. Our findings show a gradual increase in coral skeletal density towards the present, and varied linear extension and calcification rates between warm and cold phases and between pre- and post-industrial periods. This suggests that temperature plays a pivotal role in controlling coral calcification, with contingent influences from volcanic activity and solar radiation. Notably, the linear extension and calcification rates were significantly reduced during the Current Warm Period, suggesting a surpassing impact of contemporary human activities over the natural variability on coral calcification. This raises concerns about the future prospects of coral reefs in the face of ongoing climate change and increasing human-activity impacts.</span></p>
Environmental stoichiometry mediates phytoplankton diversity effects on communities' resource use efficiency and biomass
<p>Positive biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships are predicted to increase in strength when high environmental variability allows for complementarity between resource use strategies in diverse communities. This environmental variability can be represented by spatial or temporal variation in nutrient ratios, but resource use efficiency (RUE) and therefore biomass build up of primary producers might be restricted when nutrient ratios are highly imbalanced (i.e., limitation by one nutrient and beyond optimal ratios for growth). Whereas the linkages between ecosystem functioning, diversity and nutrient availability are theoretically well understood, we lack experimental evidence on how phytoplankton diversity affects resource use and biomass under variable nutrient ratios (N:P ratios).</p> <p>Combining a mesocosm and a microcosm experiment we tested diversity effects on ecosystem functioning by exposing a species diversity gradient generated by the loss of rare species in a natural community to different N:P ratios (uniform vs a gradient). The N:P supply ratio gradient also allowed us to evaluate responses across balanced and imbalanced ratios.</p> <p>We found that increased species diversity led to increased community RUE when supplied a gradient of N:P ratios; but restricted to the highest diversity level. However, diversity did not affect RUE under uniform nutrient ratios. The overall phytoplankton biomass and carbon:nutrient ratios responses to diversity reflected the patterns detected for RUE. Contrary to theoretical predictions, RUE was maintained under highest N:P supply ratios (extreme phosphorous limitation) suggesting that imbalanced N:P ratios do not necessarily decrease function. Thus, we showed that the nutrient context influences diversity effects on RUE and biomass.</p> <p><i>Synthesis</i>. Overall, our results suggest that the effect of rare phytoplankton species losses on community RUE and biomass can be compensated by the persistent species when nutrient ratios are uniform, but leads to decreases in ecosystem functioning under variable nutrient ratios. This work provides a first attempt for testing interactions between the nutrient context (including concentrations and ratios) and the diversity of (natural) communities experimentally, which is conceptually understood but poorly tested for phytoplankton.</p>
Effects of water source and technology on energy use and environmental impacts of rice production in northern Iran
<p>To analyze the energy flow and greenhouse gas emissions, a total of 200 paddy fields were selected based on the water source utilized for irrigation (river as the surface water source and well as the underground water source), transplanting methods (traditional and mechanical) and grain yield (low- and high-yielding rice cultivars) as a factorial experimental design (2×2×2=8 conditions). Data were collected in 2020 from 200 rice growers in northern Iran using a face-to-face questionnaire survey.</p>
Environmental effects of the December 2020 earthquake sequence near Petrinja, Croatia
<p>Those files (Spreadsheet of observations of coseismic deformation features, Surface rupture shapefile) are in support of the paper submitted to Geophysical Journal International. The data have been collected by the coauthors of this paper, implemented in the files by them, and the database has been processed and verified by SB, AT, SP.</p> <p>The complete of authors of the paper is as follows:</p> <p>S. Baize<sup>1</sup>, S. Amoroso<sup>2,3</sup>, N. Belić<sup>4</sup>, L. Benedetti<sup>5</sup>, P. Boncio<sup>2</sup>, M. Budić<sup>4</sup>, F.R. Cinti<sup>3</sup>, M. Henriquet<sup>5</sup>, P. Jamšek Rupnik<sup>6</sup>, B. Kordić<sup>4</sup>, S. Markušić<sup>7</sup>, L. Minarelli<sup>3</sup>, D. Pantosti<sup>3</sup>, S. Pucci<sup>3</sup>, M. Špelić<sup>4</sup>, A. Testa<sup>2</sup>, S. Valkaniotis<sup>8</sup>, M. Vukovski<sup>4</sup>, J. Atanackov<sup>6</sup>, J. Barbača<sup>4</sup>, M. Bavec<sup>6</sup>, R. Brajkovič<sup>6</sup>, V. Brčić<sup>4</sup>, M. Caciagli<sup>3</sup>, B. Celarc<sup>6</sup>, R. Civico<sup>3</sup>, P.M. De Martini<sup>3</sup>, R. Filjak<sup>4</sup>, F. Iezzi<sup>2</sup>, A. Moulin<sup>5</sup>, T. Kurečić<sup>4</sup>, M. Métois<sup>9</sup>, R. Nappi<sup>3</sup>, A. Novak<sup>6,10</sup>, M. Novak<sup>6</sup>, B. Pace<sup>2</sup>, D. Palenik<sup>4</sup>, T. Ricci<sup>3</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup> Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN/PRP-ENV/SCAN/BERSSIN, 92262 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France</p> <p><sup>2</sup> Università “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy</p> <p><sup>3</sup> Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy</p> <p><sup>4</sup> Croatian Geological Survey, Department of Geology, Sachsova 2, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia</p> <p><sup>5</sup> Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France</p> <p><sup>6</sup> Geological Survey of Slovenia, GeoZS, Dimičeva ulica 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia</p> <p><sup>7</sup> University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geophysics, Zagreb, Croatia</p> <p><sup>8</sup> Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic School, Democritus University of Thrace, 67100 Xanthi, Greece</p> <p><sup>9 </sup>Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon (LGLTPE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, campus de La Doua, 69100 Villeurbane, France</p> <p><sup>10 </sup>University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Geology, Croatia</p>
Future-proofing the koala: synergizing genomic and environmental data for effective species management
<p><span>Climatic and evolutionary processes are inextricably linked to conservation. Avoiding extinction in rapidly changing environments often depends upon a species' capacity to adapt in the face of extreme selective pressures. Here, we employed exon capture and high-throughput next-generation sequencing to investigate the mechanisms underlying population structure and adaptive genetic variation in the koala (<em>Phascolarctos cinereus</em>), an iconic Australian marsupial that represents a unique conservation challenge because it is not uniformly threatened across its range.</span> <span>An examination of 250 specimens representing 91 wild source locations revealed that five major genetic clusters currently exist on a continental scale. The initial divergence of these clusters appears to have been concordant with the Mid-Brunhes Transition (</span><span>∼</span><span> 430–300 kya), a major climatic reorganization that increased the amplitude of Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles. While signatures of polygenic selection and environmental adaptation were detected, strong evidence for repeated, climate-associated range contractions and demographic bottleneck events suggests that geographically isolated refugia may have played a more significant role in the survival of the koala through the Pleistocene glaciation than <em>in situ</em> adaptation. Consequently, the conservation of genome-wide genetic variation must be aligned with the protection of core koala habitat to increase the resilience of threatened populations to accelerating anthropogenic threats. Finally, we propose that the five major genetic clusters identified in this study should be accounted for in future koala conservation efforts (e.g. guiding translocations), as existing management divisions in the states of Queensland and New South Wales do not reflect historic or contemporary population structure.</span></p>
Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life
<p>This dataset contains the raw data presented in the article and supplementary material by M. J. Cabrerizo and E. Marañón entitled: "<strong>Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life"</strong></p>
Scale-dependent environmental effects on phenotypic distributions in Heliconius butterflies
<p>Examining how environmental factors influence phenotypic distribution might provide valuable information about local adaptation, divergence, and speciation. The red-yellow Müllerian mimicry ring of <em>Heliconius</em> butterflies displays a wide range of color patterns across the Neotropics and is involved in several hybrid zones, making it an excellent system to study color phenotypic distribution. Using a multiscale distribution strategy, we studied whether different phenotypes of the distantly related species <em>H. erato</em> and <em>H. melpomene,</em> belonging to the red-yellow mimetic ring, are associated with different environmental conditions. We show that environmental gradients (particularly heat and precipitation factors) drive <em>Heliconius</em> phenotypic distributions, but that phenotype and environmental correlations vary with spatial scale. While co-mimics are frequently found in similar environments at a broad scale, patterns at the local level are not necessarily consistent (different variables are the best predictors of phenotypic occurrence in different areas) or congruent (co-mimic pairs show distinct associations with the environment). Thus, large-scale analysis may help to identify how environmental heterogeneity influences broad mimic phenotypic distributions, but local studies are needed to understand the context-dependent biotic, abiotic, and historical mechanisms that drive finer-scale phenotypic shifts.</p>
Data from: The effect of environmental variation on the relationship between survival and risk-taking behaviour in a migratory songbird
<p>Temporal changes in environmental conditions may play a major role in the year-to-year variation in fitness consequences of behaviours. Identifying environmental drivers of such variation is crucial to understand the evolutionary trajectories of behaviours in natural contexts. However, our understanding of how environmental variation influences behaviours in the wild remains limited. Using data collected over 14 breeding seasons from a collared flycatcher (<em>Ficedula albicollis</em>) population, we examined the effect of environmental variation on the relationship between survival and risk-taking behaviour, a highly variable behavioural trait with great evolutionary and ecological significance. Specifically, using annual recapture probability as a proxy of survival, we evaluated the specific effect of predation pressure, food availability and mean temperature on the relationship between annual recapture probability and risk-taking behaviour (measured as flight initiation distance, FID). We found a negative trend, as the relationship between annual recapture probability and FID decreased over the study years, and changed from positive to negative. Specifically, in the early years of the study, risk-avoiding individuals exhibited a higher annual recapture probability, whereas in the later years, risk-avoiders had a lower annual recapture probability. However, we did not find evidence that any of the considered environmental factors mediated the variation in the relationship between survival and risk-taking behaviour.</p>
Data from: Effects of maternal age and environmental enrichment on learning ability and brain size
<p>It is well known that maternal age at reproduction affects offspring lifespan and some other fitness-related traits, but it remains understudied whether maternal senescence affects how offspring respond to their environments. Early environment often plays a significant role in the development of an animal's behavioral phenotype. For example, complex environments can promote changes in cognitive ability and brain morphology in young animals. Here, we study whether and how maternal effect senescence influences offspring plasticity in cognition, group behavior, and brain morphology in response to environmental complexity. For this, juvenile three-spined sticklebacks from young and old mothers (i.e. 1-year and 2-years-old) were exposed to different levels of environmental enrichment and complexity (i.e. none, simple and complex), and their behavior, cognitive ability, and brain size were measured. Exposing fish to enriched conditions improved individual learning ability assessed by a repeated detour-reaching task, increased the size of the whole brain, and decreased aggressive interactions in the shoal. Maternal age did not influence the inhibitory control, learning ability, and group behavioral responses of offspring to the experimental environmental change. However, maternal age affected how some brain regions of offspring changed in response to environmental complexity. In offspring from old mothers, those exposed to the complex environment had larger telencephalons and cerebellums than those who experienced simpler environments. Our results suggest that maternal effect senescence may influence how offspring invest in brain functions related to cognition in response to environmental complexity.</p>
Fig. 1. Environmental parameters during a in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 1. Environmental parameters during a hydrological cycle in San Martín Dam.
Fig. 1 in Effects Of The Environmental Variables On The Alien Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides In The Daugava River And Its Reservoirs
Fig. 1. The study area and sampling sites in the Daugava River and its reservoirs in Latvia, 2016.
Fig. 4 in Effects Of The Environmental Variables On The Alien Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides In The Daugava River And Its Reservoirs
Fig. 4. Seasonal changes of individuals groups by body length in the Pļaviņas Reservoir.
Figure 2 in Effect of environmental change after the 2011 tsunami on the population dynamics of Japanese tubesnout Aulichthys japonicus (Gasterosteiformes)
Figure 2. – Schematic illustration of the framed seine net used in the present study.
Data from: Environmental variation mediates the evolution of anticipatory parental effects
<p>Theory maintains that when future environment is predictable, parents should adjust the phenotype of their offspring to match the anticipated environment. The plausibility of positive anticipatory parental effects is hotly debated and the experimental evidence for the evolution of such effects is currently lacking. We experimentally investigated the evolution of anticipatory maternal effects in a range of environments that differ drastically in how predictable they are. Populations of the nematode <em>Caenorhabditis remanei</em>, adapted to 20°C, were exposed to a novel temperature (25°C) for 30 generations with either positive or zero correlation between parent and offspring environment. We found that populations evolving in novel environments that were predictable across generations evolved a positive anticipatory maternal effect, since they required maternal exposure to 25°C to achieve maximum reproduction in that temperature. In contrast, populations evolving under zero environmental correlation had lost this anticipatory maternal effect. Similar but weaker patterns were found if instead rate-sensitive population growth was used as a fitness measure. These findings demonstrate that anticipatory parental effects evolve in response to environmental change so that ill-fitting parental effects can be rapidly lost. Evolution of positive anticipatory parental effects can aid population viability in rapidly changing but predictable environments. </p>
Data from: Effects of sampling effort on biodiversity patterns estimated from environmental DNA metabarcoding surveys
Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding can greatly enhance our understanding of global biodiversity and our ability to detect rare or cryptic species. However, sampling effort must be considered when interpreting results from these surveys. We explored how sampling effort influenced biodiversity patterns and nonindigenous species (NIS) detection in an eDNA metabarcoding survey of four commercial ports. Overall, we captured sequences from 18 metazoan phyla with minimal differences in taxonomic coverage between 18 S and COI primer sets. While community dissimilarity patterns were consistent across primers and sampling effort, richness patterns were not, suggesting that richness estimates are extremely sensitive to primer choice and sampling effort. The survey detected 64 potential NIS, with COI identifying more known NIS from port checklists but 18 S identifying more operational taxonomic units shared between three or more ports that represent un-recorded potential NIS. Overall, we conclude that eDNA metabarcoding surveys can reveal global similarity patterns among ports across a broad array of taxa and can also detect potential NIS in these key habitats. However, richness estimates and species assignments require caution. Based on results of this study, we make several recommendations for port eDNA sampling design and suggest several areas for future research.
Effect of Environmental Weathering on Biodegradation of Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films under Ambient Soil and Composting Conditions
<p>Plastic mulch films contribute to better crop production. Concerns for lack of sustainable disposal methods for conventional polyethylene (PE) mulch led to development of biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs) that can be soil-incorporated or composted after use. Environmental weathering of BDMs during crop growth reduces their mechanical strength and alters the molecular structure of their polymeric components. However, the impact of weathering on BDMs' biodegradability is not fully understood. The biodegradability of agriculturally weathered and unweathered BDMs in soil and compost was compared using standardized laboratory tests (ASTM D5988 and D5338) using four BDMs (experimental polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoate-based film [PLA/PHA] and three commercially available polybutyrate [PBAT]-based BDMs). In soil, biodegradation of weathered PLA/PHA was greater than its unweathered counterpart. For PBAT-based BDMs, the extent of biodegradation varied. A decrease of the weight-averaged molecular weight (M<sub>w</sub>) of PBAT and PLA and thermostability of PLA, PHA, PBAT, and starch components was observed during biodegradation in the soil. The proportion of the minor components PHA and starch decreased during biodegradation, indicating preferential utilization of PHA over PLA and starch over PBAT by microbes. Bacterial abundance was significantly higher than fungal abundance in soil and was more prominent in soil adjacent to weathered than unweathered BDM treatments. Under composting conditions, unweathered PBAT-enriched mulches yielded higher CO<sub>2</sub> evolution than their weathered counterpart. Together, these results suggest that environmental weathering enhances biodegradation of BDMs and mulch's polymeric constituents also influence the microbial degradation, more so for bacterial than fungal communities.</p>
Novel approach to delivering pro-environmental messages significantly shifts norms and motivation, but children are not more effective spokespeople than adults
<p>Three studies provided initial laboratory tests of the effectiveness of a novel form of community-based environmental messaging intended to be deployed on public digital signs. In all studies, adult participants watched a slideshow of "Community Voices," a display that combines community images and quotes to celebrate and empower pro-environmental and pro-community thought and action. In addition to assessing the general efficacy of the approach, a central goal was to assess the impact of alternative messengers by comparing identical text associated with either adult or child messengers (Studies 1, 2, and 3). We also assessed the impact of alternative framing of the message itself by comparing: injunctive vs non-injunctive wording (Study 1), political vs non-political content (Study 1), and future vs. present-oriented framing (Study 2). Studies 1 and 2 were conducted on a national sample. In addition, to assess the impact of local vs. non-local messengers, Study 3 compared the response of a non-local sample to a local population in which subjects had personal connections with the people and places featured in the message content. Exposure to Community Voices messages resulted in significant increases in social norm perception, concern about environmental issues, commitment to action, and optimism, suggesting that this approach to messaging is potentially valuable for stimulating cultural change. However, messages attributed to child messengers were generally not more effective, and in some cases were less effective than the same message attributed to adults. We also found no significant difference in the impact of the alternative message frames studied.</p>
Fig. 4 in The effect of various environmental factors on the distribution of terrestric slugs (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Arionidae) - An exemplary study
Fig. 4: Distribution maps of four environmental factors recorded in the study area.
Genetic differences in the temporal and environmental stability of transgenerational environmental effects
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Environments influence the expression of phenotypes of individuals, their progeny, and even their grandprogeny. The duration of environmental effects and how they are modified by subsequent environments are predicted to be targets of natural selection in variable environments. However, little is known about the genetic basis of the temporal persistence of environmental effects and their stability of expression across subsequent environments, or even the extent to which natural genotypes differ in these attributes of environmental effects. We factorially manipulated the thermal environment experienced in three successive generations, to quantify the temporal persistence and environmental stability of temperature effects in contrasting genotypes of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. We found that genotypes differed in the manner in which environmental effects dissipated across successive generations, the manner in which responses to ancestral environments were stably expressed in present environments, the manner in which ancestral environments altered responses to present environments, and in the manner in which ancestral environments altered fitness in present conditions. Genetic variation exists in nature for these trait-specific environmental responses, suggesting that the temporal persistence and stability of environmental effects in variable environments have the potential to evolve in response to natural selection imposed by different environments and sequences of environments.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Environmental effects on the genetic architecture of fitness components in a simultaneous hermaphrodite
<p>Understanding how environmental change affects genetic variances and covariances of reproductive traits is key to formulate firm predictions on evolutionary responses. This is particularly true for sex-specific variance in reproductive success, which has been argued to affect how populations can adapt to environmental change. Our current knowledge on the impact of environmental stress on sex-specific genetic architecture of fitness components is still limited and restricted to separate-sexed organisms. However, hermaphroditism is widespread across animals and may entail interesting peculiarities with respect to genetic constraints imposed on the evolution of male and female reproduction. We explored how food restriction affects the genetic variance-covariance (G) matrix of body size and reproductive success of the simultaneously hermaphroditic freshwater snail <i>Physa acuta</i>. Our results provide strong evidence that the imposed environmental stress elevated the opportunity for selection in both sex functions. However, the G matrix remained largely stable across the tested food treatments. Importantly, our results provide no support for cross-sex genetic correlations suggesting no strong evolutionary coupling of male and female reproductive traits. We discuss potential implications for the adaptation to changing environments and highlight the need for more quantitative genetic studies on male and female fitness components in simultaneous hermaphrodites.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.