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127 results for “exceptional preservation”
FIGURE 14 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 14. Late Early Jurassic palaeogeography of Europe (maps modified from Smith et al. 1994; Pieńkowski 2004; Röhl & Schmid-Röhl 2005; Dera et al. 2011) showing the distribution of selected Leptolepidae (data from Nybelin 1974; this contribution): 1 Grimmen, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany; 2 Dobbertin, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany; 3 Holzmaden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; 4 Neudingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; 5 Normandy, France; 6 Ilminster, Somerset, England; 7 Gloucestershire, England.
FIGURE 6 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 6. Leptolepis normandica (GG 431/2a) from Dobbertin. Line drawing of head in lateral view. Abbreviations: ang, angular; a.sc, anterior sclerotic; a.smx, anterior supramaxilla; br, branchiostegal rays; de, dentary; iop, interopercle; io1, infraorbital 1; io5, infraorbital 5; let, lateral ethmoid; met, mesethmoid; mx, maxilla; na, nasal bone; op, opercle; pa, parietal bone; pmx, premaxilla; pop, preopercle; p.sc, posterior sclerotic; p.smx, posterior supramaxilla; qu, quadrate; sob, supraorbital bone; sop, subopercle; suo, suborbital.
FIGURE 10. Leptolepis jaegeri from Grimmen. A in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 10. Leptolepis jaegeri from Grimmen. A GG 431/15 line drawing in lateral view. B GG 431/16 line drawing in lateral view. Abbreviations: ang, angular; apa, autopalatine; a.sc, anterior sclerotic; a.smx, anterior supramaxilla; a.sob, anterior supraorbital; br, branchiostegal rays; de, dentary; dsp, dermosphenotic; ect, ectopterygoid; ent, entopterygoid; exs, extrascapula; iop, interopercle; io1, infraorbital 1; io2, infraorbital 2; io3, infraorbital 3; io4, infraorbital 4; io5, infraorbital 5; mtg, metapterygoid; op, opercle; pmx, premaxilla; pop, preopercle; pt?, pterotic?; p.sc, posterior sclerotic; p.smx, posterior supramaxilla; p.sob, posterior supraorbital; qu, quadrate; sop, subopercle; suo, suborbital.
FIGURE 2 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 2. Leptolepidae sp. 1 (GG 431/5a) from Dobbertin. Line drawing of cranial bones and molds. Dashed lines indicate molds. Abbreviations: a.smx, anterior supramaxilla; br, branchiostegal rays; de, dentary; dsp, dermosphenotic; exs, extrascapula; io1, infraorbital 1; op, opercle; pa, parietal bone; par, parasphenoid; pt, pterotic; pop, preopercle; pop.c, preopercular sensory canal; p.smx, posterior supramaxilla; sop, subopercle; so.c, supraorbital sensory canal;?, unknown bone.
FIGURE 5 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 5. Leptolepis coryphaenoides (NRM P 6091, cast of NHM P 23834) from Dobbertin. Line drawing of cranial bones and pectoral girdle in lateral view. Abbreviations: cl, cleithrum; dsp, dermosphenotic; io.c, infraorbital sensory canal; iop, interopercle; io2, infraorbital 2; io3, infraorbital 3; io4, infraorbital 4; io5, infraorbital 5; mx, maxilla; op, opercle; pcl, postcleithrum; pop, preopercle; p.smx, posterior supramaxilla; scl, supracleithrum; sop, subopercle; suo, suborbital.
FIGURE 1. A in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 1. A Geographical map showing the positions of the late Early Jurassic localities of Dobbertin, Mecklenburg, and Grimmen, Western Pomerania. B Stratigraphic standard section of the Upper Pliensbachian to Lower Toarcian succession outcropping at Grimmen. (wavy line indicates hiatus).
FIGURE 12 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 12. Leptolepis sp. 1 from Dobbertin. Line drawings of cranial bones. A GG 431/4a lateral view of right side. B GG 431/4b (same individual as in GG431/4a), lateral view of left side. Dashed lines indicate broken bones. Abbreviations: ang, angular; a.sc, anterior sclerotic; cl, cleithrum; de, dentaries; exs, extrascapula; hym, hyomandibula; iop, interopercle; io.c, infraorbital sensory canal; io1, infraorbital 1; io2, infraorbital 2; io3, infraorbital 3; io4, infraorbital 4; io5, infraorbital 5; let, lateral ethmoid; mtg, metapterygoid; mx, maxilla; op, opercle; pa, parietal bone; pcl1, postcleithrum 1; pcl2, postcleithrum 2; pec, pectoral fin; pt, pterotic; pop, preopercle; pop.c, preopercular sensory canal; p.qu, posteroventral process of quadrate; p.sc, posterior sclerotic; qu, quadrate; sca, scales; scl, supracleithrum; sob, supraorbital bone; sop, subopercle; suo, suborbital.
FIGURE 13 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 13. Leptolepis sp. (GG 431/21) from Grimmen, right parietal. A photograph in dorsal view. B Line drawing in dorsal view. Abbreviations: po, pores; so.c, supraorbital sensory canal; tub, tubules.
FIGURE 4 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 4. Leptolepis coryphaenoides. Line drawings of cranial bones. A GG 431/7, juvenile specimen from Grimmen. B GG 431/3, adult specimen from Dobbertin. Abbreviations: ang, angular; ant, antorbital; a.smx, anterior supramaxilla; br, branchiostegal rays; cl, cleithrum; de, dentary; exs, extrascapula; gu?, gular plate?; iop, interopercle; io1, infraorbital 1; io2, infraorbital 2; io3, infraorbital 3; l.pop, left preopercle; pmx, premaxilla; pt, pterotic; ptt, posttemporal; hym, hyomandibula; md.c, mandibular sensory canal; met, mesethmoid; mtg, metapterygoid; mx, maxilla; op, opercle; op.pr, opercular process of hyomandibula; pa, parietal bone; pcl1, postcleithrum 1; pcl2, postcleithrum 2; pop, preopercle; pop.pr, preopercular process of hyomandibula; p.cer, posterior ceratohyal; p.smx, posterior supramaxilla; qu, quadrate; r.pop, right preopercle; scl, supracleithrum; sob, supraorbital bone; sop, subopercle.
FIGURE 9 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 9. Leptolepis jaegeri (GG 431/9), from Grimmen. A GG 431/9a, lateral view of left side. B GG 431/9b, lateral view of right side. Abbreviations: ang, angular; ant?, antorbital?; apa, autopalatine; a.cer, anterior ceratohyal; bas, basisphenoid; bhy.tp, basihyal toothplate; boc, basioccipital; bra, displaced bones of branchial arches; de, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; ent, entopterygoid; ep, epiotic; exo, exoccipital; hym?, hyomandibula?; hyp, hypohyal; iop, interopercle; let, lateral ethmoid; l.no, "leptolepid" notch; met, mesethmoid; mx, maxilla; na, nasal bone; op, opercle; orb, orbitosphenoid; pa, parietal bone; par, parasphenoid; pro, prootic; pts, pterosphenoid; ppa, postparietal bone; ptt, posttemporal; sob, supraorbital bone; sop, subopercle; sy, symplectic; pmx, premaxilla; pop, preopercle; p.cer, posterior ceratohyal; qu, quadrate; sc, sclerotic; VII, foramen for facial nerve; vo, vomer; X, foramen for vagus nerve.
FIGURE 8 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 8. Leptolepis jaegeri (GG 431/1) from Dobbertin. A lateral view of right side, dashed areas indicate broken bones. B lateral view of left side. C dorsal view. Abbreviations: ang, angular; apa, autopalatine; apl, anterior pit line; a.smx, anterior supramaxilla; br, branchiostegal rays; cl, cleithrum; de, dentary; dsp, dermosphenotic; exs, extrascapula; iop, interopercle; io1, infraorbital 1; io2, infraorbital 2; io3, infraorbital 3; io4, infraorbital 4; io5, infraorbital 5; met, mesethmoid; mpl, middle pit line; mx, maxilla; na, nasal bone; op, opercle; pa, parietal bone; pmx, premaxilla; pop, preopercle; ppa, postparietal bone; ppl, posterior pit line; pt, pterotic; ptt, posttemporal; p.qu, posteroventral process of quadrate; p.smx, posterior supramaxilla; qu, quadrate; sc, sclerotic; scl, supracleithrum; sob, supraorbital bone; sop, subopercle; so.c, supraorbital sensory canal; suo, suborbital;?, unknown bone.
FIGURE 7 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 7. Leptolepis jaegeri (NRM P 6483a, neotype) from Holzmaden. A photograph in lateral view (courtesy: L. Werdelin). B line drawing of the head in lateral view. C line drawing of left premaxilla. Abbreviations: ang, angular; a.pr, ascending process of premaxilla; de, dentary; io1, infraorbital 1; io?, infraorbital bone(s)?; let, lateral ethmoid; l.no, "leptolepid" notch; op, opercle; pa, parietal bone; par, pmx, premaxilla; parasphenoid; qu, quadrate; r.pop, right preopercle; sob, supraorbital bone; sop, subopercle; te, teeth.
Supporting CT Data for: Two exceptionally preserved juvenile specimens of Gorgosaurus libratus (Tyrannosauridae, Albertosaurinae) provide new insight into the timing of ontogenetic changes in tyrannosaurids
<p>Known from dozens of specimens discovered since the early 20<sup>th</sup> century, <em>Gorgosaurus libratus</em> has arguably contributed more than any other taxon to our understanding of the life history of tyrannosaurids. However, juvenile material for this taxon is rare. Here, we describe two small, articulated <em>Gorgosaurus</em> specimens (skull lengths of ~500 mm) that help advance our knowledge of the anatomy and ontogeny of this taxon and of tyrannosaurids in general. The new specimens exhibit hallmark juvenile tyrannosaurid features, including long, low, and narrow skulls, large circular orbits, absent or incipient cranial ornamentation, ziphodont dentition, and an overall gracile skull frame. Comparison with other <em>Gorgosaurus</em> specimens of various ontogenetic stages allows for an examination of the timing of morphological changes that occurred through ontogeny in this taxon relative to other tyrannosaurids. Of particular note, <em>Gorgosaurus</em> and the larger <em>Tyrannosaurus rex</em> are found to have experienced similar ontogenetic transformations at similar percent skull length relative to the large known individuals for each respective taxon but at different absolute body sizes and biological ages, occurring at a larger size and older age in <em>T. rex</em> than in <em>Gorgosaurus</em>. These results suggest a dissociation between the timing of cranial development and body size in tyrannosaurids. Finally, the recognition of ontogenetically invariant characters in <em>Gorgosaurus</em> makes it possible to determine the taxonomic identity of previously misidentified specimens.</p>
Few juveniles or males were collected. Only four males from groups 7, 8, 9, and 11, all in clade D, were included in the dataset. The male in Fig. 13E–H conforms to the general morphological description of males in Lobocriconema with an undifferentiated labial region, the absence of a stylet, a degenerate pharyngeal region, a FIGURE 7. SEM images of specimens representing clades D (A–H) and B (I). NID numbers are associated with unique specimens, all are females except image C. A) Lobocriconema sp., face view with conspicuous labial disc surrounded by irregular labial structure, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4533. B) Lobocriconema sp., face view lacking submedian lobes and displaying subcuticular labial structure, Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas, NID 4560. C) Lobocriconema sp., juvenile, head with visible submedian lobes, body scales with fine terminal projections, Spring Creek Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4514. D) Lobocriconema sp., face view lacking submedian lobes and displaying subcuticular labial structure, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4527 E) Lobocriconema sp., cephalic profile with protruding stylet, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4529. F) Lobocriconema sp., head profile lacking submedian lobes, Tunica Hills, Louisiana, NID 4574. G) Lobocriconema sp., tail with closed vulva, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4533. H) Lobocriconema sp., tail with closed vulva, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4526. I) Lobocriconema sp., face view lacking submedian lobes, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Purchase Knob, NID 4570. in Species discovery and diversity in Lobocriconema (Criconematidae: Nematoda) and related plant-parasitic nematodes from North American ecoregions
Few juveniles or males were collected. Only four males from groups 7, 8, 9, and 11, all in clade D, were included in the dataset. The male in Fig. 13E–H conforms to the general morphological description of males in Lobocriconema with an undifferentiated labial region, the absence of a stylet, a degenerate pharyngeal region, a FIGURE 7. SEM images of specimens representing clades D (A–H) and B (I). NID numbers are associated with unique specimens, all are females except image C. A) Lobocriconema sp., face view with conspicuous labial disc surrounded by irregular labial structure, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4533. B) Lobocriconema sp., face view lacking submedian lobes and displaying subcuticular labial structure, Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas, NID 4560. C) Lobocriconema sp., juvenile, head with visible submedian lobes, body scales with fine terminal projections, Spring Creek Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4514. D) Lobocriconema sp., face view lacking submedian lobes and displaying subcuticular labial structure, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4527 E) Lobocriconema sp., cephalic profile with protruding stylet, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4529. F) Lobocriconema sp., head profile lacking submedian lobes, Tunica Hills, Louisiana, NID 4574. G) Lobocriconema sp., tail with closed vulva, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4533. H) Lobocriconema sp., tail with closed vulva, Nine-Mile Prairie, Nebraska, NID 4526. I) Lobocriconema sp., face view lacking submedian lobes, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Purchase Knob, NID 4570.
Joermungandr bolti, an exceptionally preserved microsaur from Mazon Creek, Illinois, reveals patterns of integumentary evolution in Recumbirostra
<p>The Carboniferous Pennsylvanian-aged (309-307 Ma) Mazon Creek Lagerstätte produces some of the earliest fossils of major Paleozoic tetrapod lineages. Recently, several new tetrapod specimens collected from Mazon Creek have come to light, including the earliest fossorially-adapted recumbirostrans. Here we describe a new long-bodied recumbirostran, Joermungandr bolti gen et sp. nov., known from a single part and counterpart concretion bearing a virtually complete skeleton. Uniquely, Joermungandr preserves a full suite of dorsal, flank, and ventral dermal scales, together with a series of thinned and reduced gastralia. Investigation of these scales using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) reveals ultrastructural ridge and pit morphologies, revealing complexities comparable to the scale ultrastructure of extant snakes and fossorial reptiles, which have scales modified for body based propulsion and shedding substrate. Our new taxon also represents an important early record of an elongate recumbirostran bauplan, wherein several features linked to fossoriality, including a characteristic recumbent snout, are present. We utilized parsimony phylogenetic methods to conduct phylogenetic analysis using the most recent recumbirostran-focused matrix. The analysis recovers the new taxon within the Cocytinoidea clade as sister taxon to all brachystelechids. Finally, we review integumentary patterns in Recumbirostra, noting reductions and losses of gastralia and osteoderms associated with body elongation and, thus, likely also associated with increased fossoriality.</p>
FIGURE 2 in A new fossil katydid of the genus Arethaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) with exceptionally preserved internal organs from the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado
FIGURE 2. Arethaea solterae sp. nov. (holotype male INHS-P2190-1). A, Habitus, right lateral view. B, Close-up view of head and pronotum.
FIGURE 1 in A new fossil katydid of the genus Arethaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) with exceptionally preserved internal organs from the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado
FIGURE 1. Map showing the surface geology and location of the collecting site (indicated by a red star) in northwestern Colorado, redrawn and modified from Self et al. (2010).
FIGURE 3 in A new fossil katydid of the genus Arethaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) with exceptionally preserved internal organs from the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado
FIGURE 3. Arethaea solterae sp. nov. (holotype male INHS-P2190-1). A, Wings. B, Thorax and abdomen with interpretation of internal structures. C, Metatibiae and metatarsi. Abbreviations: ag, accessory glands; fb, fat body; tes, testis; txm, thoracic muscles; vt, ventriculus (anterior midgut).
Figure 11 in The exceptionally well-preserved Sauropleura scalaris (Nectridea: Urocordylidae) from the late Carboniferous of the Czech Republic: new information on ontogeny, lateral line and tail
Figure 11. Composite phylogenetic diagram showing the distribution and morphology of the lateral line system among major groups of early tetrapods. Topology of the tree is based on the results of Pardo et al. (2017) and Clack et al. (2019).
Figure 10 in The exceptionally well-preserved Sauropleura scalaris (Nectridea: Urocordylidae) from the late Carboniferous of the Czech Republic: new information on ontogeny, lateral line and tail
Figure 10. Comparison of ossification sequences of neurocranial elements and the relative timing of their first appearance during ontogenetic development in selected early tetrapods. Elements within the same box appear at the same time. Otic capsules are marked in bold. Ossification sequences are based on the data from Smithson (1982) and Godfrey (1989b) for Greererpeton Romer, 1969, Vallin and Laurin (2004) and Olori (2015) for Microbrachis Frič, 1875, Witzmann (2006) for Archegosaurus Goldfuss, 1847, and Schoch and Witzmann (2009) for Sclerocephalus Goldfuss, 1847.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.