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147 results for “ground-dwelling”
FIGURE 7 in A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
FIGURE 7. Open patch in forest near Dajipur, Kolhapur district, Mahrashtra, India. Holotype and Paratypes of Cnemaspis kolhapurensis sp. nov. were collected in leaf litter.
FIGURE 3 in A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
FIGURE 3. Paratype of Cnemaspis kolhapurensis sp. nov. (BNHS 1843) in life showing a duller coloration than the holotype, but retaining tail iridescence.
FIGURE 2 in A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Cnemaspis kolhapurensis sp. nov. in life. Note the subtle flank patterning and the iridescent sheen on the tail.
FIGURE 5 in Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)
FIGURE 5. Antennae: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. horridum; d. E. kosciuszko; e. E. laticeps; f. E. punctatum; g. E. simplex; h. E. squamosum; i. E. latitarsis; j. E. tuberculatum. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)
FIGURE 6. Maxillary palps: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. horridum; d. E. kosciuszko; e. E. laticeps; f. E. punctatum; g. E. simplex; h. E. squamosum; i. E. latitarsis; j. E. tuberculatum. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)
FIGURE 4. Lateral habitus: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. horridum; d. E. kosciuszko; e. E. laticeps; f. E. punctatum; g. E. simplex; h. E. squamosum; i. E. latitarsis; j. E. tuberculatum. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)
FIGURE 3. Dorsal habitus: a. Enhypnon simplex; b. E. squamosum; c. E. latitarsis; d. E. tuberculatum. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)
FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. horridum; d. E. kosciuszko; e. E. laticeps; f. E. punctatum. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)
FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus, drawings by Sybil Curtis: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. laticeps. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 8. Dorsal and ventral view of paratype series of Cyrtodactylus rishivalleyensis sp. nov.: A, B NCBS AQ743; C, D NCBS AQ744; E, F; ESV 103; G, H BNHS 2326; I, J ESV 104.
FIGURE 1 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 1. Type localities (stars) of Cyrtodactylus species in south India and the known distribution of the new species. White fill, C. collegalensis; light grey fill, C. speciosus; black fill, C. srilekhae sp. nov. (4); dark grey fill, C. rishivalleyensis sp. nov. Note that the type locality for C. speciosus is imprecise (Beddome 1870). Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the C. collegalensis species complex on the left (ND2; stars correspond to species shown on the map, solid black circles at nodes indicate bootstrap support greater than 75, outgroups not shown).
FIGURE 2 in Ultrastructural observation of digestive tract and the adaptative characteristics of dietary habits for ground-dwelling and omnivorous insects
FIGURE 2. Scanning electron microscope observation of the L. taicoun. A–D. Crop (Cr). (The long and thin spines on the inner surface of the crop are pointed out with arrows.) E–M. Proventriculus (Pv). (ST: Sclerotized lobes; MT: Median tooth; SL: Sclerotized lobes) N–P. Gastric caecum (Gc). Q–S. Midgut. T–U. Ileum. V–Y. Malpighian tubules (MTs). (The micro-tracheae and internal microvilli are pointed out with arrows.) Z–BB. Colon. CC–DD. Rectum.
FIGURE 4 in Ultrastructural observation of digestive tract and the adaptative characteristics of dietary habits for ground-dwelling and omnivorous insects
FIGURE 4. Scanning electron microscope observation of the V. micado. A–D. Crop (Cr). (The long and thin spines on the inner surface of the crop are pointed out with arrows.) E–L. Proventriculus (Pv). (ST: Sclerotized lobes; MT: Median tooth; SL: Sclerotized lobes) M–N. Gastric caecum (Gc). O–Q. Midgut. R–T. Ileum. U. Malpighian tubules (MTs). (The micro-tracheae are pointed out with arrows.) V–W. Colon. X–Y. Rectum.
Data for: Effects of fire on ground-dwelling arthropods in a shrub-dominated grassland
<p>Arthropods are abundant and diverse animals in many terrestrial food webs. In western Oklahoma, some shrublands are interspersed with discrete, dense thickets of tall, woody vegetation, known as mottes. Some of these shrublands are managed with prescribed burning. The goal of this study was to examine if prescribed burning interacted with habitat type (i.e., shrubland vs. mottes) to affect ground-dwelling arthropod communities. Arthropods were collected in pitfall traps at four sampling locations in relation to mottes; in the center of mottes, and three plot location in shrublands; 1m, 15m, and 50m away from the edge of the motte. There were three treatment levels for burning: one-year post burn (burned in dormant months of 2017), two-years post burn (burned in dormant months of 2016), and unburned (burned in dormant season of 2014 and prior). There were no significant interactions between prescribed burning and habitat type. Mottes had a different community of arthropods compared to the surrounding shrubland. Mottes also had lower overall abundance, but a higher diversity of arthropods. In terms of fires, arthropod communities one year after burning were different from those two or more years after burning. There was no effect of burning on overall arthropod abundance, but plots that were one year since burning had significantly lower diversity compared to plots that were two or more years post-burn. The results of this study suggest that both fire and mottes can independently facilitate heterogeneity in arthropod communities, but they do not appear to interact with one another. </p>
Fig. 4 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 4. NMDS biplot of arthropod communities in response to Typhoon Soulik. (a) Control plots, (b) Greenfall plots. The number '0' denotes a plot before Typhoon Soulik (24 June-7 July) and '1' a plot after Typhoon Soulik (7 July-24 July). The unfilled and filled convex polygons denote the 'before-Soulik' and 'after-Soulik' periods respectively. Although the NMDS was performed on all 40 sample units (20 plots × two time periods), the biplot is drawn for the control and greenfall plots separately to enhance visual clarity. The scale and range of the axes are comparable between the control and green plots.
Fig. 3 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 3. NMDS biplot of arthropod communities in response to greenfall addition. (a) Pre-treatment, 12 May-7 July, (b) Post-treatment time period #1, 24 July-10 October, (c) Posttreatment time period #2, 10 October-27 December. The letter 'C' denotes a control plot and 'G' a greenfall plot. The unfilled and filled convex polygons denote the control and greenfall plots, respectively. Although the NMDS was performed on all 60 sample units (20 plots × three time periods), the biplot is drawn for each time period to enhance visual clarity. The scale and range of the axes are comparable across the three time periods.
Fig. 1 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 1. Activity-density and biomass of six arthropod taxa in response to greenfall addition. The greenfall plots (gray bars) received greenfall addition during the two post-treatment periods (post-treatment time period #1: 24 July-10 October, post-treatment time period #2: 10 October-27 December). The pre-treatment period is 12 May-7 July. The control plots (white bars) did not received greenfall addition in any of three time periods. The asterisks denote significant differences in arthropod activity-density between greenfall and control plots for a given time period.
Fig. 2 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 2. Activity-density and biomass of six arthropod taxa in response to Typhoon Soulik. The white and gray bars denote the 'before Soulik' (24 June-7 July) and 'after Soulik' (7 July-24 July) periods, respectively. The arthropod data were pooled across all 20 plots, including the control and greenfall plots. Both the control and greenfall plots received the greenfall and other impacts from Typhoon Soulik during 'after Soulik' period. The greenfall plots received additional greenfall during both 'before Soulik' and 'after Soulik' periods. The asterisks denote significant differences in activity-density or biomass of the arthropods before and after Typhoon Soulik.
FIGURES 30–34. Fig. 30 in A new genus and six new species of ground-dwelling leafhoppers from Chile and New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Myerslopiidae)
FIGURES 30–34. Fig. 30. Myerslopia tearohai sp. nov. anterior part of body in dorsal view (scale bar 1 mm); Fig. 31. Myerslopia tearohai sp. nov. anterior part of body in right lateral view (scale bar 1 mm); Fig. 32. Myerslopia tearohai sp. nov. right tegmen (scale bar 1 mm); Fig. 33. Myerslopia tearohai sp. nov. sclerotization of female genital vestibulum; Fig. 34. Pemmation parvus (Evans, 1947) sclerotization of female genital vestibulum.
FIGURES 6–12. Fig. 6 in A new genus and six new species of ground-dwelling leafhoppers from Chile and New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Myerslopiidae)
FIGURES 6–12. Fig. 6. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. left tegmen (scale bar 1 mm). R radial vein, M medial vein, Cu cubital vein, cl claval suture, cv claval vein; Fig. 7. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. pygofer in right lateral view (scale bar 1 mm); Fig. 8. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. pygofer in ventral view (scale bar 1 mm); Fig. 9. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. aedeagus in dorsal view (scale bar 0.1 mm); Fig. 10. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. aedeagus in left lateral view (scale bar 0.1 mm); Fig. 11. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. right style in dorsal view (scale bar 0.1 mm); Fig. 12. Mapuchea burckhardti gen. et sp. nov. right style in mediolateral view (scale bar 0.1 mm)
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