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153 results for “growth traits”
Performances (survival and growth) and functional traits of tree seedlings along light and water gradients
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Are leaf, stem and hydraulic traits good predictors of individual tree growth? (FUN2FUN project)
<ol> <li>A major foundation of trait-based ecology is that traits have an impact on individual performance. However, trait-growth relationships have not been extensively tested in trees, especially outside tropical ecosystems. In addition, measuring traits directly related to physiological processes ('hard traits') remains difficult and the differences between inter- and intraspecific relationships are seldom explored.</li> <li> <span>Here, we use individual-level data on a set of hydraulic, leaf and stem traits to explore which traits are the best predictors of basal area increment (BAI) and growth efficiency (BAI per unit of tree leaf area, GE) among and within species for six dominant tree species along a water availability gradient under Mediterranean climate (Catalonia, NE Spain). Measured traits include: </span>leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf nitrogen concentration (N), leaf C isotopic composition (d<sup>13</sup>C), stem wood density (WD), branch-level estimates of the Huber value (Hv), the sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity (K<sub>S</sub>), the leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity (K<sub>L</sub>) and resistance to xylem embolism (P<sub>50</sub>), and the leaf water potential at turgor loss (P<sub>tlp</sub>).</li> <li>Traits were better predictors of GE than BAI and significant relationships were largely driven by differences among species means. Contrary to our initial hypotheses, high values of both growth metrics<span> were associated with 'conservative' leaf and hydraulic traits. In particular, BAI was negatively associated with wood density and hydraulic efficiency per unit leaf area (</span>K<sub>L</sub><span>), while GE increased with LMA, allocation to sapwood relative to leaves (Hv) and resistance to xylem embolism </span>(P<sub>50</sub>)<span>. </span>Climate effects on BAI and GE were indirectly mediated by changes in traits, stand structure and tree size. Overall, these results suggest that maintaining functionality over extended periods of time may be more important that maximum gas exchange or hydraulic capacity to achieve high radial growth under Mediterranean climates.</li> <li>Our study reveals that the relationships between 'functional' traits and tree performance along environmental gradients are complex and do not necessarily conform to simple hypotheses based on our understanding of organ-level processes. Trait integration along common axes of variation together with a revaluation of the variables that better reflect whole-tree performance can greatly improve our understanding of trait-growth relationships.</li> </ol>
Data from: Plasticity through canalization: the contrasting effect of temperature on trait size and growth in Drosophila
In most ectotherms, a reduction in developmental temperature leads to an increase in body size, a phenomenon known as the temperature size rule (TSR). In Drosophila melanogaster, temperature affects body size primarily by affecting critical size, the point in development when larvae initiate the hormonal cascade that stops growth and starts metamorphosis. However, while the thermal plasticity of critical size can explain the effect of temperature on overall body size, it cannot entirely account for the effect of temperature on the size of individual traits, which vary in their thermal sensitivity. Specifically, the legs and male genitalia show reduced thermal plasticity for size, while the wings show elevated thermal plasticity, relative to overall body size. Here, we show that these differences in thermal plasticity among traits reflect, in part, differences in the effect of temperature on the rates of cell proliferation during trait growth. Counterintuitively, the elevated thermal plasticity of the wings is due to canalization in the rate of cell proliferation across temperatures. The opposite is true for the legs. These data reveal that environmental canalization at one level of organization may explain plasticity at another, and vice versa.
Data from: Photosynthesis, growth, and decay traits in Sphagnum – a multispecies comparison
Peat mosses (Sphagnum) largely govern carbon sequestration in Northern Hemisphere peatlands. We investigated functional traits related to growth and decomposition in Sphagnum species. We tested the importance of environment and phylogeny in driving species traits and investigated trade-offs among them. We selected 15 globally important Sphagnum species, representing four sections (subgenera) and a range of peatland habitats. We measured rates of photosynthesis and decomposition in standard laboratory conditions as measures of innate growth and decay potential, and related this to realized growth, production, and decomposition in their natural habitats. In general, we found support for a trade-off between measures of growth and decomposition. However, the relationships are not strong, with r ranging between 0.24 and 0.45 for different measures of growth versus decomposition. Using photosynthetic rate to predict decomposition in standard conditions yielded R2 = 0.20. Habitat and section (phylogeny) affected the traits and the trade-offs. In a wet year, species from sections Cuspidata and Sphagnum had the highest production, but in a dry year, differences among species, sections, and habitats evened out. Cuspidata species in general produced easily decomposable litter, but their decay in the field was hampered, probably due to near-surface anoxia in their wet habitats. In a principal components analysis, PCA, photosynthetic capacity, production, and laboratory decomposition acted in the same direction. The species were imperfectly clustered according to vegetation type and phylogeny, so that some species clustered with others in the same section, whereas others clustered more clearly with others from similar vegetation types. Our study includes a wider range of species and habitats than previous trait analyses in Sphagnum and shows that while the previously described growth–decay trade-off exists, it is far from perfect. We therefore suggest that our species-specific trait measures offer opportunities for improvements of peatland ecosystem models. Innate qualities measured in laboratory conditions translate differently to field responses. Most dramatically, fast-growing species could only realize their potential in a wet year. The same species decompose fast in laboratory, but their decomposition was more retarded in the field than that of other species. These relationships are crucial for understanding the long-term dynamics of peatland communities.
Data from: Globally, functional traits are weak predictors of juvenile tree growth, and we do not know why
1. Plant functional traits, in particular specific leaf area (SLA), wood density and seed mass, are often good predictors of individual tree growth rates within communities. Individuals and species with high SLA, low wood density and small seeds tend to have faster growth rates. 2. If community-level relationships between traits and growth have general predictive value, then similar relationships should also be observed in analyses that integrate across taxa, biogeographic regions and environments. Such global consistency would imply that traits could serve as valuable proxies for the complex suite of factors that determine growth rate, and, therefore, could underpin a new generation of robust dynamic vegetation models. Alternatively, growth rates may depend more strongly on the local environment or growth–trait relationships may vary along environmental gradients. 3. We tested these alternative hypotheses using data on 27 352 juvenile trees, representing 278 species from 27 sites on all forested continents, and extensive functional trait data, 38% of which were obtained at the same sites at which growth was assessed. Data on potential evapotranspiration (PET), which summarizes the joint ecological effects of temperature and precipitation, were obtained from a global data base. 4. We estimated size-standardized relative height growth rates (SGR) for all species, then related them to functional traits and PET using mixed-effect models for the fastest growing species and for all species together. 5. Both the mean and 95th percentile SGR were more strongly associated with functional traits than with PET. PET was unrelated to SGR at the global scale. SGR increased with increasing SLA and decreased with increasing wood density and seed mass, but these traits explained only 3.1% of the variation in SGR. SGR–trait relationships were consistently weak across families and biogeographic zones, and over a range of tree statures. Thus, the most widely studied functional traits in plant ecology were poor predictors of tree growth over large scales. 6. Synthesis. We conclude that these functional traits alone may be unsuitable for predicting growth of trees over broad scales. Determining the functional traits that predict vital rates under specific environmental conditions may generate more insight than a monolithic global relationship can offer.
Construction of genetic linkage map based on SNP markers, QTL mapping and detection of candidate genes of growth-related traits in Pacific abalone using genotyping-by-sequencing
<p><a name="_Hlk72585736"><span>Pacific abalone (<i>Haliotis discus hannai</i>) is a commercially important high valued molluscan species. Its wild population has decreased in recent years. Pacific abalone is widely cultured in Korea. Traditional breeding programs have been implemented for hatchery production of abalone seeds. To obtain more genetic information for the molecular breeding program, a high-density linkage map and quantitative trait locus (QTL) for three growth-related traits was constructed for Pacific abalone. F1 cross population with two parents were sampled to construct the linkage map using genotyping by sequencing (GBS). A total of 664,630,534 clean reads and 56,686 SNPs were generated. In sum, 3,345 segregating SNPs were used to construct a consensus linkage map. The map spanned 1,747.023 cM with 18 linkage groups and an average interval of 0.55 cM. QTL analysis revealed two significant QTL in LG10 on the consensus linkage map in each growth-related trait. Both the QTLs are located in the telomere region of the chromosome. Moreover, four potential candidate genes for growth-related traits were identified in the QTL region. Expression analysis revealed that identified genes are involved in growth regulation of abalone. The newly constructed genetic linkage map, growth-related QTLs and potential candidate genes identified in the present study can be used as valuable genetic resources and will be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Pacific abalone in molecular breeding program.</span></a></p>
Data from: Nest predation risk and growth strategies of passerine species: grow fast or develop traits to escape risk?
Different body components are thought to trade off in their growth and development rates, but the causes for relative prioritization of any trait remains a critical question. Offspring of species at higher risk of predation might prioritize development of locomotor traits that facilitate escaping risky environments over growth of mass. We tested this possibility in 12 altricial passerine species that differed in their risk of nest predation. We found that rates of growth and development of mass, wings, and endothermy increased with nest predation risk across species. In particular, species with higher nest predation risk exhibited relatively faster growth of wings than of mass, fledged with relatively larger wing sizes and smaller mass, and developed endothermy earlier at relatively smaller mass. This differential development can facilitate both escape from predators and survival outside of the nest environment. Tarsus growth was not differentially prioritized with respect to nest predation risk, and instead all species achieved adult tarsus size by age of fledging. We also tested whether different foraging modes (aerial, arboreal, and ground foragers) might explain the variation of differential growth of locomotor modules, but we found that little residual variation was explained. Our results suggest that differences in nest predation risk among species are associated with relative prioritization of body components to facilitate escape from the risky nest environment.
Data from: Variable effects on growth and defence traits for plant ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity along elevation gradients
Along ecological gradients, phenotypic differentiation can arise through natural selection on trait diversity and magnitude, and environment-driven plastic changes. The magnitude of ecotypic differentiation versus phenotypic plasticity can vary depending on the traits under study. Using reciprocal transplant-common gardens along steep elevation gradients, we evaluated patterns of ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of several growth and defence-related traits for two coexisting but unrelated plant species, Cardamine pratensis and Plantago major. For both species, we observed ecotypic differentiation accompanied by plasticity in growth related traits. Plants grew faster and produced more biomass when placed at low elevation. In contrast, we observed fixed ecotypic differentiation for defence and resistance traits. Generally, low elevation ecotypes produced higher chemical defences regardless of the growing elevation. Yet, some plasticity was observed for specific compounds, such as indole glucosinolates. The results of this study may suggest that ecotypic differentiation in defence traits is maintained by costs of chemical defence production, while plasticity in growth traits is regulated by temperature driven growth response maximization.
Data from: Variation in growth and defence traits among plant populations at different elevations: implications for adaptation to climate change
Alpine plants occurring at high elevation are vulnerable to ongoing climate change, yet relatively little is known about the potential for high‐elevation species to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In particular, the extent to which high‐elevation plants will be able to resist predicted increases in the intensity of biotic interactions, such as herbivory, remains unclear. Species distributed across broad elevational ranges provide an opportunity to investigate evolutionary mechanisms and traits involved in adaptation to varying abiotic and biotic environments. This study focused on the perennial alpine plant Arabis alpina and combined field surveys and climate‐chamber experiments to test for intraspecific genetic divergence in traits related to growth and defence against herbivores. We screened multiple populations from low, intermediate and high elevations across a broad geographic area, characterising differences in growth form, leaf structural traits, palatability for herbivores and defensive chemistry. We then quantified the proportion of variation explained by elevation and population‐level effects. Our results document within‐species genetic divergence in multiple traits relevant for adaptation to the different abiotic and biotic pressures experienced at low and high elevations. Rates of herbivore damage declined with increasing elevation in the field, but plants from high‐ and intermediate‐elevation populations were generally more palatable for specialist herbivores than those from low‐elevation populations in feeding assays. Elevational clines were also observed in several glucosinolate defence compounds, and leaf herbivory more strongly induced glucosinolates in plants from high‐elevation populations than in those from low‐elevation populations. Leaf trichome density and growth form also diverged among populations contributing to growth‐defence phenotypes associated with different elevations. However, populations from similar elevations often differed significantly in both growth and defence‐related traits, with trait variation often better explained by population‐level effects than by elevation alone. Synthesis: Arabis alpina exhibits patterns of genetic variation in growth and defence traits consistent with adaptation to different elevations. However, populations from similar elevations also diverged in many of these ecologically relevant traits. Together, the extent of the observed trait variation suggests that this alpine species has considerable potential to adapt to a changing biotic environment.
Functional traits and size interact to influence growth and carbon sequestration among trees in urban greenspaces
<ol> <li>There is persistent uncertainty about how integrated plant functions, like growth, are mechanistically constrained and practically predicted by functional traits. For trees, these knowledge gaps persist for two reasons: first, studies of 'natural' forests are observational, with highly variable and confounding resource limitation and competition; second, most studies investigate only a few popular traits and ignore context-dependencies in trait-effects on growth (e.g., trait-environment or trait-ontogeny interactions).</li> <li>We assessed 17 traits as predictors of radial growth and aboveground carbon sequestration for 182 trees, including individuals of 42 species common to temperate cities. By focusing exclusively on planted trees growing in isolation, our unique study is a pseudo-experiment that spans a large range of taxonomic and trait variability and minimizes confounding effects of environmental heterogeneity (e.g., shifts in light availability with tree size). Focal traits included not only commonly measured traits related to leaf economics and plant size, but also wood traits and whole-plant phenology.</li> <li>Models with indices of tree ontogeny (size) and traits explained 80% and 72% of variability in relative growth and carbon sequestration, respectively, and traits accounted for ~20% of the variation. Traits related to said tree functions included leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf N content, mature height, wood anatomy, and phenology. LDMC was positively correlated with wood growth and C sequestration across all size classes, while the positive effects of leaf N, mature height, and wood density were only apparent for smaller trees. Ring-porous species had higher rates of growth and C sequestration than diffuse-porous species.</li> <li>Consistent with recent theory, growth rates of isolated, urban trees vary as a function of simple and interactive effects of traits and size. Our findings are useful for optimizing reforestation efforts in temperate cities, where planners and land managers can select species for rapid growth and C sequestration using freely available data for the 'effect' traits we identified, including wood anatomy and density, leaf N, and LDMC. Lastly, the trait-growth relationships we describe here may reflect those of 'naturally' isolated trees growing in savannas and/or woodlands and provide an insightful frame of reference for trees in closed-canopy forests.</li> </ol>
Tree_seedling_survival_growth_leaf_traits_in_disturbed_conditions
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>1.<span> </span></span><span>Restoration of tropical montane cloud forest landscapes is urgently required. Assisting the regeneration of endangered and shade tolerant tree species is essential for both the recovery of this vulnerable group and of ecological processes. However, there is limited species-specific information regarding tree performance under different disturbance conditions with which to implement effective interventions. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>2.<span> </span></span><span>We assessed the performance of shade tolerant tree seedlings in restoration plantings under different disturbance settings and determined whether leaf mass area (LMA) and leaf dry mass content (LDMC) – functional traits typically associated with resource capture or stress tolerance – could serve as predictors of survival and growth among species. Since conservative leaf morphological traits can maximize survival, we expected species with higher LMA and LDMC to present higher survival. For a set of eight native cloud forest species, a total of 2202 seedlings were planted in four pastures, five secondary forests and three forests subjected to traditional selective logging, in tropical montane cloud forest landscapes in Eastern Mexico.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>3.<span> </span></span><span>Seedling survival was high after three years: 62% in pastures, 80% in secondary forests and 88% in logged forests. Growth rates were lowest in pastures, followed by secondary forests and highest in logged forests. LMA was a strong predictor of seedling survival in all of the environments; tree species with higher LMA presented greater survival. LDMC was related to seedling survival in the three environments, although to a lesser extent than LMA. In the pastures, higher LMA and LDMC were linked to lower growth.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a name="_heading=h.30j0zll"></a><span>4.<span> </span></span><span>Synthesis and applications. This study support the potential of shade tolerant tree species in restoration efforts to assist the recovery of this important functional group and to accelerate succession across altered environments. Our results support the notion that conservative leaf functional traits are linked to a higher probability of survival, not only in the shaded understorey, but also under high solar radiation in transformed habitats. Leaf Mass Area (LMA) in particular is a reliable predictor of seedling survival for shade tolerant species. Species selection based on LMA could thus improve restoration initiative outcomes: tree species with high LMA present higher survival probability and can be introduced into pastures, secondary forests and selectively logged forests.</span></p>
Promoting extinction or minimizing growth? The impact of treatment on trait trajectories in evolving populations - Data
<p>This is the dataset used in the manuscript "Promoting extinction or minimizing growth? The impact of treatment on trait trajectories in evolving populations" by Raatz &Traulsen. The code used to generate the data can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6656842.</p>
Size- and environment-driven seedling survival and growth are mediated by leaf functional traits
<p><span>Ecologists usually find that plant demography (e.g., survival and growth) changes along with plant size and environmental gradients, which suggests the effects of ontogeny-related processes and abiotic filtering. However, the role of functional traits underlying the plant size- and environment-demography relationships is usually overlooked. By measuring the individual-level leaf traits of more than 2700 seedlings in a temperate forest, we evaluated how seedling functional traits mediated the size- and environment-demography relationships. First, we found leaves were larger for taller seedlings, leaf economics traits were more conservative in taller seedlings and under high light and low elevation conditions. Then, structural equation modeling showed that a higher survival probability for taller seedlings was indirectly driven by their larger leaf area. Although taller seedlings had lower growth rates, larger and more resource-conservative leaves could promote the growth rate of these tall seedlings. Environmental variables did not appear to influence seedling survival and growth directly but did influence growth indirectly by mediating trait variation. Finally, species-specific variation in traits along with size and environments was associated with the species-specific variation in seedling survival and growth. Our study suggests that, not only plant ontogeny- and environment-related ecological processes, functional traits are also important intermediary agents underlying the usually observed plant size- and environment-demography relationships.</span></p>
Supplementary Information: CHAPTER 2 - Unveiling genomic features linked to traits of plant-growth-promoting bacterial communities from sugarcane
<p>Appendix A. Summary of counts of subreads and circular consensus sequencing (CCS) sequences obtained for PacBio sequencing of SMRT libraries. (EMS_1.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix B. Taxonomy assignment of MAGs at the higher taxonomic rank obtained from GTDB-tk and Kraken tools. (EMS_2.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix C. Report of the classification workflow using GTDB-tk. (EMS_3.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix D. Matrix of the KEGG Orthology (KOs) frequencies annotated by the EnrichM tool. (EMS_4.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix E. Reconstruction and completeness of KEGG modules annotated by EnrichM. The asterisks (*) in the header represent additional values obtained by the script ‘classKEGGModules.pl’ (https://github.com/dgpinheiro/bioinfoutilities) to estimate PGPTs in KEGG modules. (EMS_5.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix F. The secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) identified with AntiSMASH. (EMS_6.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix G. The raw count of plant growth-promoting traits (PGPTs) annotations, according to KEGG Orthology (KO) predictions for MAGs. (EMS_7.xlsx)</p> <p>Appendix H. The raw count of plant growth-promoting traits (PGPTs) that comprises the 39 classes (level 5 hierarchy) identified as enriched according to the results of Pearson's Chi-square test (qvalue ≤ 0.1). (EMS_8.xlsx)</p>
Experimental data from long-term elevated pCO2 exposure in Pacific herring. Datasets include measurements of enviromental treatment conditions, growth and developmental traits, and mortality data from a disease challenge.
<p>This study evaluated the effects of ocean acidification on the health, survival, fitness, and disease susceptibility of early life stage Pacific herring. Wild larvae were reared from hatching under three pCO2 treatments [low (~650 μatm), intermediate (~1,500 μatm), and high (~3,000 μatm)] to determine the effects of elevated pCO2 on larval growth, yolk consumption, and foraging capabilities and to evaluate how chronic exposure to elevated pCO2 affects long-term growth and maximum swimming speed. After prolonged exposure (98 d), we tested how elevated pCO2 experienced during development altered the susceptibility of juvenile Pacific herring to VHS following water-borne exposure to VHSV. This directory includes datasets for: 1) daily pH and temperature measurements from replicate rearing tanks; 2) carbon chemistry measurements from discrete seawater samples; 3) morphometric and feeding data for larval herring (1 - 16 days post hatch); 4) standard length measurements from larval and juvenile samples (1 - 98 days post hatch); 5) All dry mass measurements from larval and juvenile samples (1 - 98 days post hatch); 6) survival statistics for whole experiment ( 1- 98 days post hatch); 7) maximum swim speed measurements on juvenile herring; 8) disease challenge mortality and viral titer data; 8) a README file containing information on the dataset. </p>
Data from: A trait-based trade-off between growth and mortality: evidence from 15 tropical tree species using size-specific RGRs
A life-history trade-off between low mortality in the dark and rapid growth in the light is one of the most widely accepted mechanisms underlying plant ecological strategies in tropical forests. Differences in plant functional traits are thought to underlie these distinct ecological strategies; however, very few studies have shown relationships between functional traits and demographic rates within a functional group. We present 8 years of growth and mortality data from saplings of 15 species of Dipterocarpaceae planted into logged-over forest in Malaysian Borneo, and the relationships between these demographic rates and four key functional traits: wood density, specific leaf area (SLA), seed mass, and leaf C:N ratio. Species-specific differences in growth rates were separated from seedling size effects by fitting nonlinear mixed-effects models, to repeated measurements taken on individuals at multiple time points. Mortality data were analyzed using binary logistic regressions in a mixed-effects models framework. Growth increased and mortality decreased with increasing light availability. Species differed in both their growth and mortality rates, yet there was little evidence for a statistical interaction between species and light for either response. There was a positive relationship between growth rate and the predicted probability of mortality regardless of light environment, suggesting that this relationship may be driven by a general trade-off between traits that maximize growth and traits that minimize mortality, rather than through differential species responses to light. Our results indicate that wood density is an important trait that indicates both the ability of species to grow and resistance to mortality, but no other trait was correlated with either growth or mortality. Therefore, the growth mortality trade-off among species of dipterocarp appears to be general in being independent of species crossovers in performance in different light environments.
Data from: Changes in beta diversity and species functional traits differ between saplings and mature trees in an old growth forest
<p class="MsoCommentText">1. Invasion by generalist tree species can cause biotic homogenization and such community impoverishment is likely more important in rare forest types. We quantified changes in tree diversity within Carolinian (range in Central Hardwoods), northern (range reached Northern hardwood-conifer/Boreal-spruce-fir) and central species (range in Central Hardwood region and Northern hardwood-conifer) in an old forest in southern Canada at points surveyed 24 years apart.</p> <p class="MsoCommentText">2. We asked: How did mature tree and sapling composition and abundance change for the 3 species' groups? Did those changes lead to biotic homogenization? Can species' changes be explained by community traits? We tested for differences in temporal and spatial tree <span>β</span>-diversity, as well as forest composition and structure, using univariate/multivariate analyses and a community trait-based approach to identify drivers-of-change.</p> <p class="MsoCommentText">3. Major increases occurred in abundance for mature <i>Acer rubrum</i> (northern), while others decreased (<i>Fraxinus americana</i>, <i>Populus grandidentata</i>); declines were found in <i>A. saccharinum </i>(central) and <i>Cornus florida</i> (Carolinian). Species composition of saplings, but not mature trees, changed due to replacement; no evidence for biotic homogenization existed in either cohort. As a group, northern mature tree species increased significantly, while central species declined; saplings of Carolinian species declined. </p> <p class="MsoCommentText">4. Shade-tolerance in mature trees increased, reflecting successional changes, while drought-tolerance decreased perhaps due to changing temperatures, altered precipitation or ground water levels. Saplings showed declines in all traits, probably because of compositional change. </p> <p class="MsoCommentText">5. Our results demonstrated that saplings can more closely reflect change in forest dynamics than mature trees, especially over short time periods. Based on sapling trends, this remnant could ultimately transition to a mesophytic hardwood stand dominated by <i>A. rubrum</i> and other shade-tolerant species, creating a more homogeneous forest. </p> <p class="MsoCommentText">6. While encouraging regeneration for Carolinian and central tree species could ensure high levels of diversity are conserved in the future, it is important that this is balanced with the primary management goal of maintaining the older-growth characteristics of the forest.</p>
Data from: Fine-scale spatial associations between functional traits and tree growth
<p>This data set relates to a 40x60 m2 stem-mapped plot that was established in a temperate rainforest of southern Chile. It contains data for each individual stem located within the plot. Each individual is characterized by a species code, diameter at breast height (dbh, 1.35 m), diameter at coring height (dch, ca. 30 cm), x and y coordinates, basal area index of the last 10 years (bai, cm2), and growth efficiency (ge, cm2/cm2).</p>
Constrained trait variation by water availability modulates radial growth in evergreen and deciduous Mediterranean oaks
<p>Data supporting the findings of the study "Constrained trait variation by water availability modulates radial growth in two coexisting Mediterranean oaks"</p>
Contrasting mycorrhizal growth responses in native and invasive woody species are associated with distinct root trait syndromes
<ol> <li>Invasive plant species often express resource-acquisitive leaf traits that support rapid growth, but associated fine root traits and the role of microbial mutualists in invader whole-plant functioning remains poorly understood.</li> <li>We performed an experiment of 12 phylogenetically-grouped native and non-native, invasive woody species, grown with or without a common inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) across two nutrient levels. We measured 10 fine root traits associated with nutrient uptake and suitability of AMF colonization.</li> <li>The presence of AMF increased the growth rate of all species, but native species were significantly more dependent on AMF than invaders. Further, invaders expressed a distinct syndrome of first-order root traits, including longer, thinner roots of high specific root length, greater branching intensity, and lower tissue density, which are traits associated with rapid nutrient uptake and low AMF association. This syndrome was independent of phylogeny, AMF inoculation, and soil fertility.</li> <li>An acquisitive fine root trait syndrome for invaders supports high photosynthetic and growth rates, linking above- and below-ground functioning. The occurrence of this syndrome across phylogenetic groups indicates that lineages of woody invaders typically associated with arbuscular mycorrhizas may be generally less dependent on AMF than native species.</li> </ol>
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