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Freshwater invertebrates - diversity and function of stream macroinvertebrates: Effects of habitat conversion and strategies for conservation
<b>Description: </b><p>Freshwater invertebrate communities from stream sites along a habitat disturbance gradient (including old growth forest, logged forest, oil palm with riparian buffers, and oil palm with no buffers) within the SAFE Project experimental area, SAFE surrounding area, Maliau Basin, and Danum Valley.</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/121"><b>Diversity and function of stream macroinvertebrates: Effects of habitat conversion and strategies for conservation</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>Sime Darby Foundation (Research, SAFE Project)</li><li>NERC (Studentship, 1122589.0)</li><li>Proforest (Research)</li><li>Varley Gradwell Travelling Fellowship (Research)</li><li>Tim Whitmore Fund (Research)</li><li>Panton Trust (Research)</li><li>Cambridge University Commonwealth Fund (Research)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (SABC) (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2/2(37))</li><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (SABC) (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2/2(68))</li><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (SABC) (Research licence JKM/MBS:1000-2/2(230))</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=6368114">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: 2_Luke_Inverts_V4_mfh.xlsx</p><p><b>2_Luke_Inverts_V4_mfh.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 7 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Water striders (Gerromorpha)</b> (described in worksheet Gerro)</p><p>Description: Manually captured waterstriders. Rows represent potential functional group/body size x sample site/date combinations, but not each combination had individuals collected.</p><p>Number of fields: 66</p><p>Number of data rows: 33905</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Locations</b>: Transect sampled (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream IDs of where the bugs were collected (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Distance</b>: The 10-m section of the stream transect where bugs were collected (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>CollectionDate</b>: Dates of when the bugs were collected (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Time</b>: The times of when the bugs were collected (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>PotCode</b>: Pot ID. For example, 1 of 1 means there is only 1 pot for a particular Distance, 1 of 2 means it is the first pot out of 2 for a particular Distance, and so on (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>ID</b>: The ID number for the pots, each Distance can consists of 1 to 3 pots of samples and each pot has its own ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>HabitatType</b>: Habitat type (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>HabitatTypeReplicate</b>: Replicate IDs for the habitat types. For example, the ID for stream 0m at 40-50m as the first replicate for LF/ Logged Forest is LF1.1, while for stream 0m at 20-30m is LF1.2, and so on (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>SortDate</b>: Dates of when sortings were done (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>Family</b>: Family of the bugs collected (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Group</b>: Groups of the bugs based on body forms: 1) CGP (Cylindrostethinae, Gerrinae, and Ptilomerinae), 2) Halobatinae, and 3) Veliidae (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>LifeStage</b>: Life stage of the bugs collected: either Juvenile (J) or Adult (A) (Field type: categorical trait)</li><li><b>Length</b>: The body length of the bugs collected (rounded) (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>LengthRange</b>: The body length range of the bugs collected (Field type: id)</li><li><b>PredictedBiomass</b>: The predicted biomass of the bugs collected, calculated using power regression equations. Zeros indicate groups for which no individuals were present. a. Group CGP = Abundance in any of the cell from column W until BO * (0.04 * (the cell of the Column O (needs to be at the same row as the Abundance cell chosen from any of the column W until BO)/ representing the body length ^ 2.271)), b. Group Halobatinae = the same as above but with 0.072 and 2.218 as the coefficient a and b respectively, c. Group Veliidae = the same as above but with 0.041 and 2.32 as the coefficient a and b respectively. (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>AdultWing</b>: Adult bug's ID based on the presence of wings (if the individual insect is a juvenile, the cell says 'None', instead of 'Winged' or 'Wingless') (Field type: categorical trait)</li><li><b>AdultWingAbund</b>: Adult bug's abundance based on the presence of wings (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PtilomeraMF</b>: Ptilomera sp. IDs based on sex: either male or female (Field type: categorical trait)</li><li><b>Note</b>: Notes about people who have sorted the bugs before Martina Harianja (if no one hasn't worked on a particular sample, it's written as 'None') (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>PtilomeraMFAbund</b>: Abundance of either male or female adult Ptilomera sp. (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>4spot</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>C.scrutator</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Cylindrosthetus.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Limnometra.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Metrocoris.sp.1</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Metrocoris.sp.2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies15</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies20</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies24</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies25</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies27</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies28</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies29</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies30</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies31</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies33</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies34</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies35</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies36</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies37</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies38</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies4</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies40</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies41</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies42</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies43</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies44</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies45</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies46</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies47</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies6</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies7</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Morphospecies7.sp.2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Potamometropsis.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ptilomera.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Rhagovelia.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Rhagovelia.sp.2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Rhagovelia.sp.3</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Rheumatogonus.sp.1</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Rheumatogonus.sp.2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Strongylovelia.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Tenagogonus.sp.1</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Tenagogonus.sp.2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ventidius.sp.</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ventidius.sp.2</b>: Abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>10m Chironomids</b> (described in worksheet Chiron_10m)</p><p>Description: Sampled from the streambed using a Surber sampler in 2012/2013. Suber sample had quadrat area of 0.33m2 and 250 μm mesh net. Sampling done at regularly spaced points along the 200m long dragonfly transects.</p><p>Number of fields: 51</p><p>Number of data rows: 151</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Locations</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream name (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Distance</b>: Distance along the stream transect (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>StreamDistance</b>: Stream and distance ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>PointLocation</b>: Point location on stream transect (Field type: location)</li><li><b>SampleDate</b>: Date sample was collected (Field type: date)</li><li><b>SampleTime</b>: Time sample was collected (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Cladotanytarsus6teeth</b>: Cladotanytarsus6teeth abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Cladotanytarsus5teeth</b>: Cladotanytarsus5teeth abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Orthocladius</b>: Orthocladius abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>CricotopusWorn</b>: CricotopusWorn abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>CricotopusCylindraceus</b>: CricotopusCylindraceus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>CricotopusOliveri</b>: CricotopusOliveri abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Thienemanniella</b>: Thienemanniella abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Thienemanniella2</b>: Thienemanniella2 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>KelianA</b>: KelianA abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>KelianB</b>: KelianB abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>KelianC</b>: KelianC abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>TanytarsusMendax</b>: TanytarsusMendax abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>TanytarsusNemorosus</b>: TanytarsusNemorosus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PolypedilumType2</b>: PolypedilumType2 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PolypedilumConvictum</b>: PolypedilumConvictum abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PolypedilumSp3</b>: PolypedilumSp3 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Chironomini1stInstar</b>: Chironomini1stInstar abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ChironominiGenusB</b>: ChironominiGenusB abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ChironominiPhoto1</b>: ChironominiPhoto1 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ChironominiPhoto2</b>: ChironominiPhoto2 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ChironominiPhoto3</b>: ChironominiPhoto3 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ChironominiPhoto5</b>: ChironominiPhoto5 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>CorynoneuraLobata</b>: CorynoneuraLobata abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Thienemannimyia</b>: Thienemannimyia abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Parametriocnemus</b>: Parametriocnemus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ceratopogonidae</b>: Ceratopogonidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Cardiocladius</b>: Cardiocladius abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ablabesmyia</b>: Ablabesmyia abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Stenochironomus</b>: Stenochironomus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Cryptochironomus</b>: Cryptochironomus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Nanocladius</b>: Nanocladius abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Stictochironomus</b>: Stictochironomus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Nilotanypus</b>: Nilotanypus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Rheotanytarsus</b>: Rheotanytarsus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>RheocricotopusChalybeatus</b>: RheocricotopusChalybeatus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Dicrotendipes</b>: Dicrotendipes abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Paratendipes</b>: Paratendipes abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Pseudorthocladius</b>: Pseudorthocladius abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Kiefferulus</b>: Kiefferulus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Paracladopelma</b>: Paracladopelma abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Microtendipes</b>: Microtendipes abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Eukiefferiella</b>: Eukiefferiella abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Diamesinae</b>: Diamesinae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>TanytarsiniSurfaceTooth</b>: TanytarsiniSurfaceTooth abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>10m Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Tricoptera (EPT)</b> (described in worksheet EPTabun_10m)</p><p>Description: Sampled from the streambed using a Surber sampler in 2012/2013. Suber sample had quadrat area of 0.33m2 and 250 μm mesh net. Sampling done at regularly spaced points along the 200m long dragonfly transects.</p><p>Number of fields: 34</p><p>Number of data rows: 78</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Locations</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream name (Field type: id)</li><li><b>StreamDistance</b>: Distance along the stream transect (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Distance</b>: Stream and distance ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>PointLocation</b>: Point location on stream transect (Field type: location)</li><li><b>SampleDate</b>: Date sample was collected (Field type: date)</li><li><b>SampleTime</b>: Time sample was collected (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Baetidae</b>: Baetidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Leptophlebiidae</b>: Leptophlebiidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Heptageniidae</b>: Heptageniidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Caenidae</b>: Caenidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Tricorythidae</b>: Tricorythidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Euthyplociidae</b>: Euthyplociidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Potamanthidae</b>: Potamanthidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Oligoneuriidae</b>: Oligoneuriidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ephemeridae</b>: Ephemeridae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>EphemUnknown</b>: EphemUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Perlidae</b>: Perlidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Nemouridae</b>: Nemouridae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Leuctridae</b>: Leuctridae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Peltoperlidae</b>: Peltoperlidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PlecopUnkown</b>: PlecopUnkown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Dipsuedopsidae</b>: Dipsuedopsidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Hydropsychidae</b>: Hydropsychidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Leptoceridae</b>: Leptoceridae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Xiphocentronidae</b>: Xiphocentronidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Polycentropodidae</b>: Polycentropodidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Psychomyiidae</b>: Psychomyiidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ecnomidae</b>: Ecnomidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Philopotamidae</b>: Philopotamidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Hydroptilidae</b>: Hydroptilidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Lepidostomatidae</b>: Lepidostomatidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Calamoceratidae</b>: Calamoceratidae abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>TrichopUnknown</b>: TrichopUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>10m Odonata nymphs</b> (described in worksheet OdonataNymph)</p><p>Description: Sampled from the streambed using a Surber sampler in 2012/2013. Suber sample had quadrat area of 0.33m2 and 250 μm mesh net. Sampling done at regularly spaced points along the 200m long dragonfly transects.</p><p>Number of fields: 29</p><p>Number of data rows: 151</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Locations</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream name (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Distance</b>: Distance along the stream transect (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>StreamDistance</b>: Stream and distance ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>SiteCode</b>: Point location on stream transect (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date sample was collected (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Time</b>: Time sample was collected (Field type: time)</li><li><b>ChlorogomphidaeChlorogomphus</b>: ChlorogomphidaeChlorogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeLeptogomphus</b>: GomphidaeLeptogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeMegalogomphus</b>: GomphidaeMegalogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeBurmagomphus</b>: GomphidaeBurmagomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeOnychogomphus</b>: GomphidaeOnychogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeGomphidia</b>: GomphidaeGomphidia abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeSinogomphus</b>: GomphidaeSinogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeHeliogomphus</b>: GomphidaeHeliogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeIctinogomphus</b>: GomphidaeIctinogomphus abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>GomphidaeUnknown</b>: GomphidaeUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>MacromiidaeUnknown1</b>: MacromiidaeUnknown1 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>MacromiidaeMacromia</b>: MacromiidaeMacromia abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>MacromiidaeUnknown2</b>: MacromiidaeUnknown2 abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>LibellulidaeUnknown</b>: LibellulidaeUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>LibellulidaeTrithemis</b>: LibellulidaeTrithemis abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>EuphaeidaeEuphaea</b>: EuphaeidaeEuphaea abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>CalopterygidaeVestalis</b>: CalopterygidaeVestalis abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PhilosinidaeRhinagrion</b>: PhilosinidaeRhinagrion abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PlatystictidaeUnknown</b>: PlatystictidaeUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>LestidaeUnknown</b>: LestidaeUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ChlorocyphidaeUnknown</b>: ChlorocyphidaeUnknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Unknown</b>: Unknown abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>10m benthic insects, order-level</b> (described in worksheet Order_10m)</p><p>Description: Sampled from the streambed using a Surber sampler in 2012/2013. Suber sample had quadrat area of 0.33m2 and 250 μm mesh net. Sampling done at regularly spaced points along the 200m long dragonfly transects.</p><p>Number of fields: 34</p><p>Number of data rows: 151</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Locations</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream name (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Distance</b>: Distance along the stream transect (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>StreamDistance</b>: Stream and distance ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>PointLocations</b>: Point location on stream transect (Field type: location)</li><li><b>SampleDate</b>: Date sample was collected (Field type: date)</li><li><b>SampleTime</b>: Time sample was collected (Field type: time)</li><li><b>EphemeropteraWhole</b>: EphemeropteraWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>EphemeropteraPart</b>: EphemeropteraPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Ephemeroptera</b>: Ephemeroptera abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PlecopteraWhole</b>: PlecopteraWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>PlecopteraPart</b>: PlecopteraPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Plecoptera</b>: Plecoptera abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>TrichopteraWhole</b>: TrichopteraWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>TrichopteraPart</b>: TrichopteraPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Trichoptera</b>: Trichoptera abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ColeopteraLarvaeWhole</b>: ColeopteraLarvaeWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ColeopteraLarvaePart</b>: ColeopteraLarvaePart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ColeopteraAdultWhole</b>: ColeopteraAdultWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>ColeopteraAdultPart</b>: ColeopteraAdultPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Coleoptera</b>: Coleoptera abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>DipteraWhole</b>: DipteraWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>DipteraPart</b>: DipteraPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Diptera</b>: Diptera abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>OdonataWhole</b>: OdonataWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>OdonataPart</b>: OdonataPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Odonata</b>: Odonata abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Heteroptera</b>: Heteroptera abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Mites</b>: Mites abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Isopods</b>: Isopods abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Worms</b>: Worms abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>OtherWhole</b>: OtherWhole abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>OtherPart</b>: OtherPart abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Other</b>: Other abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>10m bottle traps, for crabs, shrimps, snails</b> (described in worksheet Bottletraps_nov2015)</p><p>Description: Crabs, shrimps, snails. Sampled using bottle traps baited with fish/bread. Sampling done at regularly spaced points along the 200m long dragonfly transects. </p><p>Number of fields: 13</p><p>Number of data rows: 999</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Locations</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream name (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date trap set (Field type: date)</li><li><b>ArrivalTime</b>: Trap set time (Field type: time)</li><li><b>LeavingTime</b>: Trap collection time (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Weather</b>: Weather comments (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>People</b>: Observer (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>Distance</b>: Distance along the stream transect (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>IDnumber</b>: Trap number (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Shrimps</b>: Shrimps abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Snails</b>: Snails abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Crabs</b>: Crabs abundance (Field type: abundance)</li><li><b>Fish</b>: Fish abundance (Field type: abundance)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>200m transects, adult dragonflies</b> (described in worksheet Dragonflies_2012_2013)</p><p>Description: Adult dragonflies. Caught along 200m long transects using butterfly nets. </p><p>Number of fields: 23</p><p>Number of data rows: 1872</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Location</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Stream</b>: Stream name (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Distance along the stream transect (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Weather</b>: Stream and distance ID (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>WeatherIssues</b>: Weather issues (0 - no issues, 1 - issues) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>PeopleIssues</b>: People issues (0 - no issues, 1 - issues) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>People</b>: Observers (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>DragonflyNo</b>: Dragonfly catch number per day (Field type: id)</li><li><b>UniqueID</b>: Individual dragonfly ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Time</b>: Time of catch (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Photos</b>: How many photos were taken of that individual dragonfly (in order to assist with photo sorting later on) (Field type: id)</li><li><b>HeadColour</b>: Head colour (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>ThoraxColour</b>: Thorax colour (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>AbdomenColour</b>: Abdomen colour (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>WingColour</b>: Wing colour (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>Pair</b>: Whether a male/female mating pair or not (knowing this could sometimes help with ID decisions later on, especially for females which are poorly known) (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Point10m</b>: Point of catch along the transect (10m intervals along he transect) (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Habitat</b>: Habitat type (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>Activity</b>: What was the dragon fly doing (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>DateIDing</b>: Date of ID (Field type: date)</li><li><b>PeopleIDing</b>: Person Iding (JA= James Austin, RD= Rory Dow, SHL = Sarah Luke) (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Species</b>: Species of dragonfly (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>MaleFemale</b>: Sex of dragonfly (Field type: categorical)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2011-07-03 to 2015-04-18</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5755 to 4.9618</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.9641 to 117.7965</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Animalia <br> -  -  Annelida <br> -  -  Arthropoda <br> -  -  -  Crabs <br> -  -  -  Insecta <br> -  -  -  -  Coleoptera <br> -  -  -  -  Coleoptera <br> -  -  -  -  Coleoptera <br> -  -  -  -  Coleoptera <br> -  -  -  -  Coleoptera <br> -  -  -  -  Diptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ceratopogonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chironomidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ablabesmyia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cardiocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Chironomini1stInstar <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiGenusB <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto1 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto2 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto3 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto5 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cladotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cladotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus cylindraceus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus olivetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Diamesinae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrotendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eukiefferiella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianA <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianB <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianC <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kiefferulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microtendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nanocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nilotanypus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paracladopelma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parametriocnemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paratendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum convictum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum convictum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudorthocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stictochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  TanytarsiniSurfaceTooth <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemanniella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemanniella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemannimyia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corynoneura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corynoneura lobata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus mendax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus nemorosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheocricotopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheocricotopus chalybeatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Diptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ceratopogonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chironomidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ablabesmyia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cardiocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Chironomini1stInstar <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiGenusB <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto1 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto2 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto3 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto5 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cladotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cladotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus cylindraceus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus olivetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Diamesinae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrotendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eukiefferiella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianA <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianB <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianC <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kiefferulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microtendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nanocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nilotanypus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paracladopelma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parametriocnemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paratendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum convictum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum convictum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudorthocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stictochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  TanytarsiniSurfaceTooth <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemanniella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemanniella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemannimyia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corynoneura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corynoneura lobata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus mendax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus nemorosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheocricotopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheocricotopus chalybeatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Diptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ceratopogonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chironomidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ablabesmyia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cardiocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Chironomini1stInstar <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiGenusB <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto1 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto2 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto3 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  ChironominiPhoto5 <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cladotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cladotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus cylindraceus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cricotopus olivetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Diamesinae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrotendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eukiefferiella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianA <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianB <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  KelianC <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kiefferulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microtendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nanocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nilotanypus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paracladopelma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parametriocnemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paratendipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum convictum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedilum convictum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudorthocladius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheotanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stictochironomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  TanytarsiniSurfaceTooth <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemanniella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemanniella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Thienemannimyia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corynoneura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corynoneura lobata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus mendax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tanytarsus nemorosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheocricotopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheocricotopus chalybeatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Ephemeroptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Baetidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Caenidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ephemeridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ephemeridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euthyplociidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Heptageniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leptophlebiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oligoneuriidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Potamanthidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tricorythidae <br> -  -  -  -  Ephemeroptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Baetidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Caenidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ephemeridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ephemeridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euthyplociidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Heptageniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leptophlebiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oligoneuriidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Potamanthidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tricorythidae <br> -  -  -  -  Ephemeroptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Baetidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Caenidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ephemeridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ephemeridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euthyplociidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Heptageniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leptophlebiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oligoneuriidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Potamanthidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tricorythidae <br> -  -  -  -  Odonata <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chlorocyphidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha stygia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha aurofulgens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha humeralis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha stygia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago phaethon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago semiopaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha biseriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha biseriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Gomphidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Burmagomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Burmagomphus insularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gomphidia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliogomphus blandulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogomphus williamsoni</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sinogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenandrogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenandrogomphus safei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lestidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Libellulidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis aurora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis festiva</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum chrysis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum glaucum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum testaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum pruinosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum pruinosum schneideri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetrathemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lyriothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lyriothemis cleis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camacinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camacinia gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychothemis culminicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pantala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pantala flavescens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx iris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx iris errans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratilla lineata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tyriobapta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tyriobapta torrida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis fluctuans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis ramburii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Platystictidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta actaeon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta rufostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta versicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Megapodagrionidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinagrion elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Amphipterygidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Devadatta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Devadatta tanduk</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Platycnemididae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia arcuata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia cyaneothorax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copera vittata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Protoneuridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura hosei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura verticalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euphaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea impar</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea subcostalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea dimidiata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea ulu</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Aeshnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetracanthagyna</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetracanthagyna degorsi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cordulegastridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chlorogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Corduliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromia westwoodii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromidia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromidia fulva</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coenagrionidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudagrion pilidorsum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Agriocnemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Agriocnemis femina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenagrion dubium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calopterygidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amaryllis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amnicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amoena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis anacolosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amaryllis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amnicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amoena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis anacolosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurobasis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurobasis longipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Odonata <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chlorocyphidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha stygia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha aurofulgens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha humeralis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha stygia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago phaethon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago semiopaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha biseriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha biseriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Gomphidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Burmagomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Burmagomphus insularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gomphidia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliogomphus blandulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogomphus williamsoni</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sinogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenandrogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenandrogomphus safei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lestidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Libellulidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis aurora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis festiva</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum chrysis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum glaucum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum testaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum pruinosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum pruinosum schneideri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetrathemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lyriothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lyriothemis cleis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camacinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camacinia gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychothemis culminicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pantala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pantala flavescens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx iris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx iris errans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratilla lineata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tyriobapta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tyriobapta torrida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis fluctuans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis ramburii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Platystictidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta actaeon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta rufostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta versicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Megapodagrionidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinagrion elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Amphipterygidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Devadatta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Devadatta tanduk</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Platycnemididae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia arcuata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia cyaneothorax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copera vittata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Protoneuridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura hosei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura verticalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euphaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea impar</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea subcostalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea dimidiata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea ulu</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Aeshnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetracanthagyna</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetracanthagyna degorsi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cordulegastridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chlorogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Corduliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromia westwoodii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromidia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromidia fulva</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coenagrionidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudagrion pilidorsum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Agriocnemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Agriocnemis femina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenagrion dubium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calopterygidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amaryllis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amnicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amoena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis anacolosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amaryllis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amnicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amoena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis anacolosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurobasis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurobasis longipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Odonata <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chlorocyphidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha stygia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha aurofulgens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha humeralis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinocypha stygia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago phaethon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Libellago semiopaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha biseriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliocypha biseriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Gomphidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Burmagomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Burmagomphus insularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gomphidia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heliogomphus blandulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptogomphus williamsoni</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sinogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenandrogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenandrogomphus safei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lestidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Libellulidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis aurora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trithemis festiva</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum chrysis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum glaucum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum testaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum pruinosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthetrum pruinosum schneideri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetrathemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lyriothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lyriothemis cleis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camacinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Camacinia gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onychothemis culminicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pantala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pantala flavescens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx iris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zygonyx iris errans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratilla lineata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tyriobapta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tyriobapta torrida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis fluctuans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurothemis ramburii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macromiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Platystictidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta actaeon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta rufostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drepanosticta versicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Megapodagrionidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinagrion elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Amphipterygidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Devadatta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Devadatta tanduk</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Platycnemididae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia arcuata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coeliccia cyaneothorax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copera vittata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Protoneuridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura hosei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prodasineura verticalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euphaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea impar</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Euphaea subcostalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea dimidiata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysphaea ulu</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Aeshnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetracanthagyna</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tetracanthagyna degorsi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cordulegastridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chlorogomphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Corduliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromia westwoodii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromidia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macromidia fulva</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coenagrionidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseudagrion pilidorsum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Agriocnemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Agriocnemis femina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenagrion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stenagrion dubium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calopterygidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amaryllis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amnicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amoena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis anacolosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amaryllis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amnicola</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis amoena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vestalis anacolosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurobasis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neurobasis longipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Plecoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leuctridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nemouridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Peltoperlidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Perlidae <br> -  -  -  -  Plecoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leuctridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nemouridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Peltoperlidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Perlidae <br> -  -  -  -  Plecoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leuctridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nemouridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Peltoperlidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Perlidae <br> -  -  -  -  Plecoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leuctridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nemouridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Peltoperlidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Perlidae <br> -  -  -  -  Trichoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calamoceratidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dipseudopsidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ecnomidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hydropsychidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hydroptilidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lepidostomatidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leptoceridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Philopotamidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Polycentropodidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Psychomyiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Xiphocentronidae <br> -  -  -  -  Trichoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calamoceratidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dipseudopsidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ecnomidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hydropsychidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hydroptilidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lepidostomatidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leptoceridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Philopotamidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Polycentropodidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Psychomyiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Xiphocentronidae <br> -  -  -  -  Trichoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calamoceratidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dipseudopsidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ecnomidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hydropsychidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hydroptilidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lepidostomatidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leptoceridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Philopotamidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Polycentropodidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Psychomyiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Xiphocentronidae <br> -  -  -  -  Hemiptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Heteroptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Gerridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Halobatinae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [4spot] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies15] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies25] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies27] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies28] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies29] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies33] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies34] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies35] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies42] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies46] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies47] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies6] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnometra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Limnometra.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tenagogonus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Tenagogonus.sp.1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Tenagogonus.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptilomera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Ptilomera.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Potamometropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Potamometropsis.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Metrocoris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Metrocoris.sp.1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Metrocoris.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cylindrostethus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cylindrostethus scrutator</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Cylindrostethus.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  Veliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies20] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies24] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies30] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies31] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies36] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies37] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies38] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies4] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies40] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies41] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies43] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies44] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies45] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies7] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies7.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhagovelia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Rhagovelia.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Rhagovelia.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Rhagovelia.sp.3] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Strongylovelia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Strongylovelia.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  Gerridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  Halobatinae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [4spot] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies15] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies25] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies27] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies28] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies29] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies33] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies34] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies35] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies42] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies46] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies47] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  [Morphospecies6] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnometra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Limnometra.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tenagogonus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Tenagogonus.sp.1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Tenagogonus.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptilomera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Ptilomera.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Potamometropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Potamometropsis.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Metrocoris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Metrocoris.sp.1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Metrocoris.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cylindrostethus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cylindrostethus scrutator</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Cylindrostethus.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  Macroveliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rheumatogonus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Rheumatogonus.sp.1] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Rheumatogonus.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ventidius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Ventidius.sp.] <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  [Ventidius.sp.2] <br> -  -  -  Shrimps <br> -  -  -  Arachnida <br> -  -  -  -  Mites <br> -  -  -  Malacostraca <br> -  -  -  -  Isopoda <br> -  -  Mollusca <br> -  -  -  Gastropoda <br> -  -  Chordata <br> -  -  -  Actinopterygii <br></div><p></p>
Reduced genetic diversity associated with the northern expansion of an amphibian species with high habitat-specialization, Ascaphus truei, resolved using two types of genetic markers
<p>Reconstruction of historical relationships between geographic regions within a species' range can indicate dispersal patterns and help predict future responses to shifts in climate. <em>Ascaphus truei </em>(coastal tailed frog) is an indicator species of the health of forests and perennial streams in the Coastal and Cascade Mountains of the Pacific Northwest of North America. We used two genetic techniques — microsatellite and genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) — to compare the within region genetic diversity of populations near the northern extent of the species' range (British Columbia, Canada) to two geographic regions in British Columbia and two in Washington, USA, moving towards the core of the range. Allelic richness and heterozygosity declined substantially as latitude increased. The northernmost region had the lowest mean expected heterozygosities for both techniques (microsatellite, M = 0.20, SE = 0.080; GBS, M = 0.025, SE = 0.0010) and the southernmost region had the highest (microsatellite, M = 0.88, SE = 0.054; GBS, M = 0.20, SE = 0.0029). The northernmost regions (NC and MC) clustered together in population structure models for both genetic techniques. Our discovery of reduced diversity may have important conservation and management implications for population connectivity and the response of <em>A. truei</em> to climate change.</p>
Fig. 2 in Diversity Of Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) And Physico-Chemical Characterization Of Their Larval Habitats In Tizi-Ouzou Area, Algeria
Fig. 2. Study sites location (1— Irdjen; 2 — Ouadhia; 3 — Beni Yenni; 4 — Iboudraren).
Habitat shapes diversity of gut microbiomes in a wild population of blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus
<p>Microbiome constitutes and important axis of individual variation that, together with genes and the environment, influences an individual's physiology and fitness. Microbiomes are dependent not only on an individual's body condition but also on external factors, such as diet or stress levels, and as such can be involved into feedbacks between the external ecological factors and internal physiology. In our study we used a wild population of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) to investigate the impact of external habitat composition on the microbiome of adult birds. We hypothesized, that – through differences in plant composition, potentially affecting diet complexity – habitat type may impact the diversity and structure of the gut microbiome. Blue tits breeding in dense deciduous forests tended to have more diverse microbiomes, and significantly different in terms of microbiome composition from birds breeding in open, sparsely forested hay meadows. Distinct study plots also tended to differ in a number of parameters describing microbiome diversity. We observed no microbiome differentiation according to individual characteristics such as sex or age. The study emphasizes, that external environment is one of the important modulators of microbiome diversity and calls for more such studies in wild animal populations.</p>
Data for functional diversity and habitat preferences of native grassland plants and ground-dwelling invertebrates in private gardens along an urbanisation gradient
<p>Urbanisation influences biodiversity and ecosystem functions. However, private domestic gardens provide habitats for many species. Challenging conditions in urban gardens may support species possessing certain traits, but exclude other species. Functional diversity is therefore often altered in urban gardens. We surveyed native grassland plants and ground-dwelling invertebrates (snails, slugs, spiders, millipedes, woodlice, ants, rove beetles), and compiled data on urbanisation (distance to city centre, percentage of sealed area) and garden characteristics. We furthermore derived data on traits and habitat preferences for the species recorded in the gardens from the literature and own measurements. The survey comprised 35 domestic gardens along a rural-urban gradient in the city of Basel, Switzerland and its surroundings.</p>
Open habitats in a tropical biodiversity hotspot support pollinator diversity in both protected and unprotected areas
<p class="MsoNormal">Protected areas (PAs) are vital in the global effort to preserve biodiversity, particularly for disturbance-intolerant pollinator species in the tropics. As there is little information on the potential of PAs for pollinator conservation in sensitive tropical ecosystems, we assessed here insect pollinator diversity in protected vs. unprotected areas in two vegetation zones in Nigeria, within the West African Guinea Biodiversity Hotspot. We selected two land-use types based on predominant canopy cover type (open and tree-shaded habitats) and these were sampled in both protected and unprotected areas of tropical rain forest and savanna vegetation zones. Pollinator composition varied significantly between protected vs. unprotected areas in each vegetation zone, signifying both areas support unique assemblages of insect pollinators. However, pollinator diversity varied according to land-use type (open vs. shaded habitats) rather than protected area per se, such that pollinators were more abundant and species-rich in open habitat than shaded habitat. These findings emphasize that beyond the protection of ecosystems, fine scale habitat management promoting the availability of adequate floral resources in natural areas is critical for ensuring conservation of these pollinators in tropical ecosystems. </p>
Ecological drivers of avian diversity in a subtropical landscape: effects of habitat diversity, primary productivity and anthropogenic disturbance
<p>Understanding the roles of ecological drivers in shaping biodiversity is fundamental for conservation practice. In this study, we explored the effects of elevation, conservation status, primary productivity, habitat diversity, and anthropogenic disturbance (represented by human population density and birding history) on taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional avian diversity in a subtropical landscape in southeastern China. We conducted bird surveys using 1-km transects across a total of 30 sites, of which 10 sites were located within a natural reserve. Metrics of functional diversity were calculated based on six functional traits (body mass, clutch size, dispersal ratio, sociality, diet and foraging stratum). We built simultaneous autoregression models to assess the association between the ecological factors and diversity of the local avian communities. Local avian diversity generally increased with increasing habitat diversity, human population density and primary productivity. We also detected phylogenetic and functional clustering in these communities, suggesting that the avian assemblages were structured mainly by environmental filtering, rather than interspecific competition. Compared to sites outside the natural reserve, sites within the natural reserve had relatively lower avian diversity but a higher level of phylogenetic heterogeneity.</p>
Different types of semi-natural habitat are required to sustain diverse wild bee communities across agricultural landscapes
<p><span>1. Semi-natural habitats provide important resources for wild bees in agricultural landscapes. Landscapes under management are dynamic and floral resources fluctuate in space and time. Thus, promoting different semi-natural habitat types within landscapes could be key to support diverse bee meta-communities throughout the season.</span></p> <p><span>2. Here, we integrate analyses of </span><span>a</span><span>-diversity (species richness) and </span><span>b</span><span>-diversity and species-habitat networks to examine the relative contribution of all major semi-natural habitats to wild bee meta-communities in agricultural landscapes. We sampled extensively and conventionally managed meadows, flower strips, hedgerows and forest edges in spring, early and late summer in 25 landscapes in Switzerland. </span></p> <p><span>3. Habitat types varied in their importance for wild bees throughout the season: While extensively managed meadows supported more rare species, habitat specialists and bee species overall than the other habitat types, flower strips were most important later in the season. Each of the five investigated habitat types harboured relatively unique sets of species with different habitats generally acting as distinct modules in the overall bee-habitat network. </span></p> <p><span>4. Not only flower richness in a habitat per se, but also flower-habitat network properties (habitat strength and functional complementarity) were good predictors of wild bee richness. In addition to local floral richness, landscape composition and configuration interactively influenced </span><span>b</span><span>-diversity patterns across habitats.</span></p> <p><span>5. Synthesis and applications</span><span>. Our study highlights the value of pollinator-habitat network analysis to inform pollinator conservation management at the landscape scale, especially when combined with information on floral resources and flower-habitat networks. Maintaining different types of semi-natural habitats offers diverse and complementary resources throughout the season, which are crucial to sustain diverse wild bee meta-communities in agricultural landscapes. Particularly meadow extensification schemes can play a key role in safeguarding rare and specialist species in these landscapes. While locally a high flower richness promoted bee abundance and richness in general, our results indicate that increasing connectivity between habitat patches in landscapes dominated by arable crops appears to improve species exchange between local bee communities of different habitats, thereby possibly increasing their resilience to disturbances.</span></p>
Feeding habits influence species habitat associations at the landscape scale in a diverse clade of Neotropical fishes
<p><strong>Aim.</strong> A primary goal of community ecology is to understand the mechanisms that drive species' spatial distribution and habitat associations. Species' geographic distribution can be influenced by the distribution of their prey partly because consumers' behavior is oriented to optimal energy use during foraging. We analyzed how differences in dietary preferences influence the spatial distribution and habitat associations of species at the landscape scale. We hypothesized that differences in feeding guilds will lead to divergent habitat association patterns among species.</p> <p><strong>Location.</strong> Amazon River drainage basin. </p> <p><strong>Taxon.</strong> Characiform fishes in the family Serrasalmidae (piranhas and pacus). </p> <p><strong>Methods.</strong> We used diet data to classify species into feeding guilds (frugivores, herbivores, piscivores, fin and scale feeders, and planktivores). We used three proxies of habitat association derived from satellite products: floodplain extent, landscape heterogeneity, and flood duration, in three distance buffers. We implemented Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares models to evaluate the relationship between habitat association and feeding guilds.</p> <p><strong>Results.</strong> Frugivores, piscivores, and fin and scale feeders presented similar patterns of habitat associations, with frugivores occupying wider areas of floodplain and greater landscape heterogeneity. Herbivores and planktivores were associated with smaller floodplain extents and lower landscape heterogeneity. All feeding guilds were associated with similar levels of flood duration.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions.</strong> Differences in resource distribution (assessed through feeding guilds) can influence habitat association. Considering the hydrological variability (i.e., floodplain extent) and landscape heterogeneity that characterize floodplains, the patterns of habitat association vary with the spatial scale considered. This work highlights the importance of understanding species habitat associations by fish as well as food resource dynamics and floodplain dependence. This realization is critical for assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on freshwater ecosystems.</p>
Figure 1 in Diversity of soil mite communities in different habitats of Saskhori quarries, Georgia
Figure 1. Map of soil sampling locations on Saskhori quarries.
Data from: Remnant salmon life history diversity rediscovered in a highly compressed habitat
<p>Chinook salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</em>) display remarkable life history diversity underpinning their ability to adapt to environmental change. Maintaining life history diversity is vital to the resilience and stability of Chinook salmon metapopulations, particularly under rapidly changing climates. However, the conditions that promote life history diversity are rapidly disappearing, as anthropogenic forces promote homogenization of habitats and genetic lineages. In this study, we use the highly modified Yuba River in California to understand if distinct genetic lineages and life history still exist, despite reductions in spawning habitat and hatchery practices that have promoted introgression. There currently is a concerted effort to protect federally listed spring run populations, given that few wild populations still exist. Despite this, we lack a comprehensive understanding of the genetic and life history diversity of Chinook salmon present in the Yuba River system. To understand this diversity, we collected migration timing data and GREB1L genotypes from hook-and-line, acoustic tagging, and carcass surveys of Chinook salmon in the Yuba River between 2009-2011. Variation in the GREB1L region of the genome is tightly linked with run timing in Chinook salmon throughout the range, but the relationship between this variation and entry on spawning grounds is little explored in the Central Valley. We found that the date Chinook salmon crossed the lowest barrier to Yuba River spawning habitat (Daguerre Point Dam) was tightly correlated with their GREB1L genotype. Importantly, our study confirms that ESA-listed spring run Chinook salmon are spawning in the Yuba River, promoting a portfolio of life history and genetic diversity, despite spawning in a compressed habitat. This work highlights the need to identify and protect this life history diversity in heavily impacted systems to maintain healthy Chinook salmon metapopulations in those systems. Without this, we run the risk of losing the last vestiges of important variation.</p>
Are rice fields less diverse and more invaded by non-native species than less impacted habitats? A test with wetland microcrustaceans
<p>Raw data of environmental variables and microcrustacean abundance community matrix</p> <p>R scripts used in the study</p>
Figure 2 in Polychaete diversity in the estuarine habitats of Términos Lagoon, southern Gulf of Mexico
Figure 2. Number of species by family at each habitat in Términos Lagoon.
Figure 1 in Polychaete diversity in the estuarine habitats of Términos Lagoon, southern Gulf of Mexico
Figure 1. Location and distribution of habitats in Términos Lagoon, southern Gulf of México.
Figure 10 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 10. Synidotea karumba sp. nov. Limbs from holotype male.
Figure 5 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 5. Synidotea innatans sp. nov. Holotype male top, paratype female below.
Figure 1 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 1. Cleantioides carpentaria sp. nov. Holotype.
Figure 4 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 4. Zenobianopsis cidaris sp. nov. Right limbs from holotype; detail of p6 untwisted.
Figure 7 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 7. Synidotea innatans sp. nov. Limbs from holotype male.
Figure 1 in Surveillance of population dynamics and breeding habitat diversity of Anopheles subpictus in different areas of Odisha, East Central India
Figure 1. Map showing (circle marks) study areas.
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.