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194 results for “island evolution”
Figure 3 from: Branch WR, Schmitz A, Lobón-Rovira J, Baptista NL, António T, Conradie W (2021) Rock island melody: A revision of the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group, with descriptions of four new endemic species from Angola. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(1): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57202
Figure 3 Summary boxplots (top whisker – maximum value; lower whisker – minimum value; dark horizontal line – median; box – 1st and 3rd quartile) comparing morphological features amongst the four species of Afroedura separated by sex: Afroedura bogerti (dark green – Ab; n = 9), Afroedura wulfhaackei sp. nov. (including the morphologically-indistinguishable Afroedura sp. 5–7 clades; blue – Aw; n = 40), Afroedura praedicta sp. nov. (light green – Ap; n = 5), Afroedura donveae sp. nov. (red – Ad; n = 17), Afroedura vazpintorum sp. nov. (orange – Av; n = 48).
Figure 7 from: Branch WR, Schmitz A, Lobón-Rovira J, Baptista NL, António T, Conradie W (2021) Rock island melody: A revision of the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group, with descriptions of four new endemic species from Angola. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(1): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57202
Figure 7 Holotype of Afroedura wulfhaackei sp. nov. (PEM R24234) from Maka-Mombolo, Benguela Province, Angola. Photos: Werner Conradie.
Figure 10 from: Branch WR, Schmitz A, Lobón-Rovira J, Baptista NL, António T, Conradie W (2021) Rock island melody: A revision of the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group, with descriptions of four new endemic species from Angola. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(1): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57202
Figure 10 Holotype of Afroedura vazpintorum sp. nov. (PEM R24118) from 1 km east of Farm Mucungo, Namibe Province, Angola. Photos: Werner Conradie.
Figure 1 from: Branch WR, Schmitz A, Lobón-Rovira J, Baptista NL, António T, Conradie W (2021) Rock island melody: A revision of the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group, with descriptions of four new endemic species from Angola. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(1): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57202
Figure 1 Digital elevation map showing the predicted distribution of the five newly-recognised species of Afroedura occurring in Angola (data for A. wulfhaackei sp. nov. also contain the morphologically-indistinguishable Afroedura sp. 5–7 clades). Confirmed locality records are indicated by solid circles, with type localities indicated by stars. Coloured polygons indicate potential distribution areas with more than 90% of climatic habitat suitability.
Figure 2 from: Branch WR, Schmitz A, Lobón-Rovira J, Baptista NL, António T, Conradie W (2021) Rock island melody: A revision of the Afroedura bogerti Loveridge, 1944 group, with descriptions of four new endemic species from Angola. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(1): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57202
Figure 2 Phylogenetic tree topology for the 16S gene (identical for Bayes and ML) using Afroedura loveridgei as outgroup. Support values for posterior probability and bootstraps are indicated by circles (ML: > 70% / PP: > 0.95).
Patterns of genetic divergence and demographic history shed light on island-mainland population dynamics and melanic plumage evolution in the white-winged fairywren
<p>The existence of distinct traits in island versus mainland populations offers opportunities to gain insights into how eco-evolutionary processes operate under natural conditions. We used two island colonization events in the white-winged fairywren (<i>Malurus </i><i>leucopterus</i>) to investigate the genomic and demographic origin of melanic plumage. This avian species is distributed across most of Australia, and males of the mainland subspecies (<i>M. l. leuconotus</i>) exhibit a blue nuptial plumage in contrast to males of two island subspecies – <i>M. l. leucopterus </i>on Dirk Hartog Island<i> </i>and <i>M. l. edouardi</i>on Barrow Island – that exhibit a black nuptial plumage. We used reduced-representation sequencing to explore differentiation and demographic history in this species and found clear patterns of divergence between mainland and island populations, with additional substructuring on the mainland. Divergence between the mainland and Dirk Hartog was approximately 10 times more recent than the split between the mainland and Barrow Island, supporting two independent colonizations. In both cases, estimated gene flow between the mainland and the islands was low, contributing to signals of divergence among subspecies. Our results present demographic reconstructions of mainland-island dynamics and associated plumage variation in white-winged fairywrens, with broader implications regarding our understanding of convergent evolution in insular populations.</p>
Data from: 40 years of evolution. Darwin's finches on Daphne Major Island
This data package contains the data used in constructing the figures of the book.
Evolution of vocal performance and song complexity in island birds
<p>Oceanic islands share distinctive characteristics thought to underlie a set of parallel evolutionary trends across islands and taxonomic groups – including life history traits, morphology and visual signals. To which extent acoustic signals also change in parallel on islands is less clear. Some important processes associated with insularity, such as founder effects and reduced sexual selection, could lead to a decrease in vocal performance and song complexity on islands. In a field-based study, we recorded 11 insular species and their closest mainland relatives. Out of the 11 species pairs, 6 live in the tropics (São Tomé / Mount Cameroon), and 5 in the temperate region (Madeira / southern France). For each species we measured two proxies of vocal performance (song duration and syllable rate) and one proxy of song complexity (syllable diversity). This study did not recover a clear relationship between the island environment and song traits. If as expected, syllable rate was lower in island species than in their mainland counterparts, the two other proxies showed no clear island-mainland pattern of divergence. Several factors may explain the absence of reduction for song duration and syllable diversity. Among those, relaxation of interspecific competition on islands may have led to an increase in syllable diversity, or correlations between song variables may have constrained song evolution. More studies on island species are needed to draw a better picture of divergence patterns and go beyond the confounding ecological factors that could explain peculiar song characteristics in islands.</p>
Temporal and palaeoclimatic context of the evolution of insular woodiness in the Canary Islands: Supplementary tables and figures
<p>Insular woodiness (IW), referring to the evolutionary transition from herbaceousness towards woodiness on islands, has arisen more than 30 times on the Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean). One of the IW hypotheses suggests that drought has been a major driver of wood formation, but we do not know in which palaeoclimatic conditions the insular woody lineages originated. Therefore, we provided an updated review on the presence of IW on the Canaries, reconstructed the palaeoclimate, and estimated the timing of origin of woodiness of 24 insular woody lineages that represent a large majority of the insular woody species diversity on the Canaries. Our single, broad-scale dating analysis shows that woodiness in 60-65% of the insular woody lineages studied originated within the last 3.2 Myr, during which Mediterranean seasonality (yearly summer droughts) became established on the Canaries. Consequently, our results are consistent with palaeoclimatic aridification as a potential driver of woodiness in a considerable proportion of the insular woody Canary Island lineages. However, the observed pattern between insular woodiness and palaeodrought during the last couple of million years could potentially have emerged as a result of the typically young age of the native insular flora, characterised by a high turnover.</p>
Figure 5 from: Costa WJEM (2017) Redescription of Nothobranchius lucius and description of a new species from Mafia Island, eastern Tanzania (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.11041
Figure 5 - Diagrammatic representation of the latero-sensory system on the dorsal surface of the head in: A. Nothobranchius lucius, MRAC A7-02-P-28-32, male, 43.6 mm SL; B. Nothobranchius insularis sp. n., MRAC A702-P-38-44, paratype, male, 48.3 mm SL. arn – anterior rostral neuromast; asass – anterior section of the anterior supraorbital series; prn – posterior rostral neuromast; psass – posterior section of the anterior supraorbital series; pss – posterior supraorbital series.
Figure 4 from: Costa WJEM (2017) Redescription of Nothobranchius lucius and description of a new species from Mafia Island, eastern Tanzania (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.11041
Figure 4 - Jaws, jaw suspensorium and opercular apparatus, left side, lateral view, of: A. Nothobranchius lucius, paratype, male, MRAC A7-02-P-10-25, 43.0 mm SL; B. Nothobranchius melanospilus, male, UFRJ 6591, 43.5 mm SL. Larger stippling indicates cartilage. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 3 from: Costa WJEM (2017) Redescription of Nothobranchius lucius and description of a new species from Mafia Island, eastern Tanzania (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.11041
Figure 3 - Nothobranchius insularis sp. n.: A. MRAC A7-02-P-33, holotype, male, 52.9 mm SL; Tanzania: 3 km S of Kirongwe, Mafia Island; B. MRAC A7-02-P-38-44, paratype, male, 48.3 mm SL; Tanzania: 0.5 km S of Kirongwe, Mafia Island; C. MRAC A7-02-P-38-44, paratype, female, 49.8 mm SL; Tanzania: 0.5 km S of Kirongwe, Mafia Island.
Figure 1 from: Costa WJEM (2017) Redescription of Nothobranchius lucius and description of a new species from Mafia Island, eastern Tanzania (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.11041
Figure 1 - Nothobranchius lucius: A. MRAC A7-02-P-9, holotype, male, 49.6 mm SL; Tanzania: 2 km S of Ifakara; B. MRAC A7-02-P-26-27, male, 59.4 mm SL; Tanzania: 1 km S of Minepa; C. MRAC A7-02-P-26-27, female, 55.8 mm SL; Tanzania: 1 km S of Minepa.
Figure 6 from: Costa WJEM (2017) Redescription of Nothobranchius lucius and description of a new species from Mafia Island, eastern Tanzania (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.11041
Figure 6 - Left isolated premaxilla, dorsal view, ascending process inclined backwards, of: A. Nothobranchius lucius, paratype, male, MRAC A7-02-P-10-25, 43.0 mm SL. B. Nothobranchius insularis sp. n., paratype, male, MRAC A702-P-38-44, 43.7 mm SL. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 2 from: Costa WJEM (2017) Redescription of Nothobranchius lucius and description of a new species from Mafia Island, eastern Tanzania (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.11041
Figure 2 - Geographical distribution of Nothobranchius lucius (stars), Nothobranchius cf. lucius (square), and Nothobranchius insularis sp. n. (circles); dotted areas are marshes.
Figure 3 from: Conradie W, Bittencourt-Silva GB, Engelbrecht HM, Loader SP, Menegon M, Nanvonamuquitxo C, Scott M, Tolley KA (2016) Exploration into the hidden world of Mozambique's sky island forests: new discoveries of reptiles and amphibians. Zoosystematics and Evolution 92(2): 163-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948
Figure 3 - A selection of amphibians from northern Mozambique inselbergs. A – Arthroleptis francei (Mt. Namuli, PEM A11303), B – Arthroleptis xenodactyloides (Mt. Mabu), C – Arthroleptis stenodactylus (Mt. Mabu), D – Amietia delalandii (Mt. Namuli, PEM A11319), E – Nothophryne cf. broadleyi (Mt. M'pàluwé, PEM A11370), F – Nothophryne cf. broadleyi (Mt. Namuli), G – Strongylopus cf. fuelleborni (Mt. Mabu, PEM A11184), H – Scolecomorphus cf. kirkii (Mt. Mabu, PEM A11248).
Figure 2 from: Conradie W, Bittencourt-Silva GB, Engelbrecht HM, Loader SP, Menegon M, Nanvonamuquitxo C, Scott M, Tolley KA (2016) Exploration into the hidden world of Mozambique's sky island forests: new discoveries of reptiles and amphibians. Zoosystematics and Evolution 92(2): 163-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948
Figure 2 - Study area, northern Mozambique sky islands. A – Mount Mabu, B – Mount Namuli, C – Mount M'pàluwé to the left.
Figure 1 from: Conradie W, Bittencourt-Silva GB, Engelbrecht HM, Loader SP, Menegon M, Nanvonamuquitxo C, Scott M, Tolley KA (2016) Exploration into the hidden world of Mozambique's sky island forests: new discoveries of reptiles and amphibians. Zoosystematics and Evolution 92(2): 163-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948
Figure 1 - Map of localities surveyed in northern Mozambique. Black triangles indicate the mountains sampled during this study and grey triangles show other areas previously sampled in northern Mozambique and southern Malawi. Numbers indicate the following localities: (1) Mt. Chiperone, (2) Mt. Mulanje, (3) Mt. Inago, (4) Serra Jeci, (5) Serra Mecula.
Figure 4 from: Conradie W, Bittencourt-Silva GB, Engelbrecht HM, Loader SP, Menegon M, Nanvonamuquitxo C, Scott M, Tolley KA (2016) Exploration into the hidden world of Mozambique's sky island forests: new discoveries of reptiles and amphibians. Zoosystematics and Evolution 92(2): 163-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948
Figure 4 - A selection of reptiles from northern Mozambique inselbergs. A – Nadzikambia baylissi (Mt. Namuli, PEM R21165), B – Rhampholeon tilburyi (Mt. Namuli, PEM R21157), C – Rhampholeon sp. (Mt. M'pàluwé, PEM R21209), D – Lygodactylus cf. rex (Mt. Mabu, PEM R21147), E – Holaspis laevis (Mt. Mabu, PEM R21146), F – Dipsadoboa cf. shrevei shrevei (Mt. Mabu, PEM R21123), G – Duberria shirana (Mt. Namuli, PEM R21184), H – Psammophylax variabilis (Mt. Namuli, PEM R21186).
Figure 9 from: Morales Núñez AG, Ulrich S, Heard RW (2017) Brachylicoa lui, a new species of Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida: Parapseudidae), from the Hawaiian Islands, with a taxonomic key. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(2): 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.13824
Figure 9 - Brachylicoa lui sp. n. holotype female with oostegites and genital cone. A pereopod-5, lateral view; B propodus and dactylus of pereopod-5, inner view; C pereopod-6, lateral view; D propodus and dactylus of pereopod-6, inner view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.