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96 results for “kleptoparasitism”
Evidence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm-eating Warblers (Helmitheros vermivorum) in east-central Arkansas, USA
<p>Nest material kleptoparasitism likely evolved in birds to reduce the cost of searching for and collecting material themselves. Although nest material kleptoparasitism has been reported commonly in colonially nesting species, reports for solitary breeding species are infrequent, especially for neotropical migratory species. Here we report potential and actual nest material kleptoparasitism in the Worm-eating Warbler (<i>Helmitheros vermivorum</i>). We deployed video camera systems at passerine nests (n = 81) in east-central Arkansas during summers 2011–2012. In one video, we observed a Worm-eating Warbler stealing nesting material from a Hooded Warbler (<i>Setophaga citrina</i>) nest. One day later, we later observed a Worm-eating Warbler landing within 0.5 m of the same warbler nest when the female was incubating, which possibly deterred a second theft of nesting material. In a third video recording, we observed another Worm-eating Warbler landing within 1 m of an Indigo Bunting (<i>Passerina cyanea</i>) nest. As far as we could determine, neither of these latter two nest visits resulted in nest material kleptoparasitism. Potential benefits of nest material kleptoparasitism include reduced competition for limited nest materials, easy access to suitable material, reduced travel distance, and reduction of nest predation risk; however, costs include risk of attack by host or introducing parasites to one's nest. Importantly, this behavior could ultimately affect the behavioral and life history evolution of a species. We suggest further work should be conducted to determine the prevalence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm-eating Warblers and other solitary breeding passerines, including efforts to quantify the benefits and costs of this behavior.</p>
Figure. Sphecodes species that were described from Turkey (S. anatolicus Warncke, 1992 and S. armeniacus Warncke, 1992) and rare species (from Google Earth). in A contribution to the kleptoparasitic bees of Turkey: Part I., the genus Sphecodes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
Figure. Sphecodes species that were described from Turkey (S. anatolicus Warncke, 1992 and S. armeniacus Warncke, 1992) and rare species (from Google Earth).
Linked collectors and determiners for: Megadiverse Ecuador: a review of Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) of Ecuador, with the description of twenty-one new kleptoparasitic spider species.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Megadiverse Ecuador: a review of Mysmenopsis (Araneae, Mysmenidae) of Ecuador, with the description of twenty-one new kleptoparasitic spider species". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/d7359d0a-1682-4d3a-933b-a5a0ccd5f57b">https://bionomia.net/dataset/d7359d0a-1682-4d3a-933b-a5a0ccd5f57b</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/d7359d0a-1682-4d3a-933b-a5a0ccd5f57b">https://gbif.org/dataset/d7359d0a-1682-4d3a-933b-a5a0ccd5f57b</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data from: A game-theoretical model of kleptoparasitic behaviour in an urban gull (Laridae) population.
Kleptoparasitism (food stealing) is a significant behaviour for animals that forage in social groups as it permits some individuals to obtain resources whilst avoiding the costs of searching for their own food. Evolutionary game theory has been used to model kleptoparasitism, with a series of differential equation based compartmental models providing significant theoretical insights into behaviour in kleptoparasitic populations. In this paper we apply this compartmental modelling approach to kleptoparasitic behaviour in a real foraging population of urban gulls (Laridae). Field data was collected on kleptoparasitism and a model developed that incorporated the same kleptoparasitic and defensive strategies available to the study population. Two analyses were conducted: 1. An assessment of whether the density of each behaviour in the population was at an equilibrium. 2. An investigation of whether individual foragers were using Evolutionarily Stable Strategies (ESS) in the correct environmental conditions. The results showed the density of different behaviours in the population could be at an equilibrium at plausible values for handling time and fight duration. Individual foragers used aggressive kleptoparasitic strategies effectively in the correct environmental conditions but some individuals in those same conditions failed to defend food items. This was attributed to the population being composed of three species that differed in competitive ability. These competitive differences influenced the strategies that individuals were able to use. Rather than gulls making poor behavioural decisions these results suggest a more complex three-species model is required to describe the behaviour of this population.
Figs 12–14 in Proposal of Karliella gen. n. for the Afrotropical 'Pegomya' sexpunctata Karl, 1935 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a possible kleptoparasite of dung-breeding beetles
Figs 12–14. Karliella sexpunctata (Karl): (12) male sternites III–V and pregenital segments VI–VIII; (13, 14) male sternite V and pregenital segments VI–VIII, right and left lateral views. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.
Data from: The costs of kleptoparasitism: a study of mixed-species seabird breeding colonies
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Data from: A game-theoretical model of kleptoparasitic behaviour in an urban gull (Laridae) population.
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Evidence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm-eating Warblers (Helmitheros vermivorum) in east-central Arkansas, USA
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Figure 1 in Kleptoparasitic flies and jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 1. Phoretic milichiid fly riding on a Jerdon's or Indian Jumping Ant, Harpegnathos saltator (T. C. Jerdin 1851) in Karnataka. These female ant workers (gamergates) can mate and lay eggs (Liebig & Poethke 2004).
Figure 2 in Kleptoparasitic flies and jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 2. Kleptoparasitic flies and spiders in Karnataka. 1, Milichiid flies feeding on bee (Apis sp.) captured by a thomisid spider. 2, Sepsid fly approaching the prey of a feeding thomisid. 3, Milichiid flies feeding on bee captured by a thomisid spider. 4, Pholcid spider with captured Green Tree or Weaver Ants, Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius 1775. 5, Small flies feeding on the head of a Weaver Ant captured by this pholcid (4). 6, Small fly (arrow) on a captured Weaver Ant. At lower left the male of a small kleptoparasitic theridiid can be seen. 7-9, Milichiid flies feeding on the prey of a Parawixia sp. (Araneidae).
Figure 4 in Kleptoparasitic flies and jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 4. Hyllus semicupreus (Simon 1885) with kleptoparasitic flies in Karnataka. 1-3, Female H. semicupreus feeding on a captured gall gnat (Cecidomyiidae: Didactylomyia sp.). Within two minutes this salticid captured three of these gall gnats in succession. Note the aggregation of gall gnats in a nearby spider web. 4-8, Milichiid flies with a male H. semicupreus feeding on a captured female of the same species. Feeding on conspecific females by male salticids is unusual. The feeding male spider intermittently attempted to bat away these milichiids.
Data from: The presence of kleptoparasitic fledglings is associated with a reduced breeding success in the host family in the barn owl
Fledgling birds sometimes abandon their own nest and move to neighboring nests where they are fed by host parents. This behaviour, referred to as "nest‐switching", is well known in precocial birds that are mobile soon after hatching and can easily reach foster nests. In contrast, due to the difficulty of observing nest‐switching in territorial altricial birds, the causes and consequences of moving to others' nests are poorly known in this group of birds. Nest‐switchers can be adopted by the foster parents or they can steal food from the host parents meant for their offspring, a form of kleptoparasitism, which may result in reduced breeding success of the host nest. In Israel, 12 barn owl fledglings left their natal nests and were found in 9 host nests out of 111 monitored nests (8.1%). Nest‐switchers that fledged earlier in the breeding season flew shorter distances to reach host nests probably because the density of nests with younger nestlings is higher early in the season. The number of host nestlings fledged and the percentage of nestlings fledged was lower in host nests than in nest without switchers. The occasional nest‐switchers were always older than host nestlings (respectively 80 and 50 days of age, on average) and host parents fledged fewer young when nest‐switchers occupied host nests with younger nestlings. This suggests that nest‐switchers are kleptoparasites because the presence of the older alien fledglings is associated with a lower breeding success of the host parents.
Figures 7-14 in Termitophagy and kleptoparasitism by Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831) (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini) in India
Figures 7-14. Female Menemerus bivittatus preying on termites (Odontotermes sp.). 7-11, Snatching a termite from an ant. 12-13, Dark female Menemerus bivittatus feeding on a captured termite. The carapace of this spider was apparently rubbed (scales removed). 14, Another female feeding on a captured termite.
Data from: The presence of kleptoparasitic fledglings is associated with a reduced breeding success in the host family in the barn owl
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FIGURES 1–7 in Two new monobasic thrips genera for a gall-inducing species and its kleptoparasite (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae)
FIGURES 1–7. Drypetothrips korykis gen et sp. n. and galls. (1) Drypetes deplanchei leaf margin galls; (2) holotype head and pronotum; (3) meso and metanotum; (4) antenna; (5) prosternites; (6) tergite IX and tube; (7) pelta and tergites II–IV.
FIG. 1 in Host selection by a kleptoparasitic spider
FIG. 1. Mean web diameter for each host species in (A) absence of Argyrodes globosus or (B) presence of A. globosus. Columns labelled with the same letter do not diOEer signi®cantly (Tukey test at 5% level).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.