Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
212
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
212 results for “landscape change”
Data from: Thermal landscape change as a driver of ectotherm responses to plant invasions
A growing body of research demonstrates the impacts of invasive alien plants on native animals, but few studies consider thermal effects as a driver of the responses of native organisms. As invasive alien plants establish and alter the composition and arrangement of plant communities, the thermal landscapes available to ectotherms also change. Our study reviews the research undertaken to date on the thermal effects of alien plant invasions on native reptiles, amphibians, insects and arachnids. The 37 studies published between 1970 and early 2019 portray an overall detrimental effect of invasive plants on thermal landscapes, ectothermic individuals' performance and species abundance, diversity and composition. With a case study of a lizard species, we illustrate the use of thermal ecology tools in plant invasion research and test the generality of alien plant effects: changes in thermoregulation behaviour in invaded landscapes varied depending on the level of invasion and lizard traits. Together, the literature review and case study show that thermal effects of alien plants on ectotherms can be substantial albeit context-dependent. Further research should cover multiple combinations of native/invasive plant growth forms, invasion stages and ectotherm traits. More attention is also needed to test causality along the chain of effects from thermal landscapes to individuals, populations and communities.
Data from: The impacts of climate change and disturbance on spatio-temporal trajectories of biodiversity in a temperate forest landscape
The ongoing changes to climate challenge the conservation of forest biodiversity. Yet, in thermally limited systems, such as temperate forests, not all species groups might be affected negatively. Furthermore, simultaneous changes in the disturbance regime have the potential to mitigate climate-related impacts on forest species. Here, we (i) investigated the potential long-term effect of climate change on biodiversity in a mountain forest landscape, (ii) assessed the effects of different disturbance frequencies, severities and sizes and (iii) identified biodiversity hotspots at the landscape scale to facilitate conservation management. We employed the model iLand to dynamically simulate the tree vegetation on 13 865 ha of the Kalkalpen National Park in Austria over 1000 years, and investigated 36 unique combinations of different disturbance and climate scenarios. We used simulated changes in tree cover and composition as well as projected temperature and precipitation to predict changes in the diversity of Araneae, Carabidae, ground vegetation, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Mollusca, saproxylic beetles, Symphyta and Syrphidae, using empirical response functions. Our findings revealed widely varying responses of biodiversity indicators to climate change. Five indicators showed overall negative effects, with Carabidae, saproxylic beetles and tree species diversity projected to decrease by more than 33%. Six indicators responded positively to climate change, with Hymenoptera, Mollusca and Syrphidae diversity projected to increase more than twofold. Disturbances were generally beneficial for the studied indicators of biodiversity. Our results indicated that increasing disturbance frequency and severity have a positive effect on biodiversity, while increasing disturbance size has a moderately negative effect. Spatial hotspots of biodiversity were currently found in low- to mid-elevation areas of the mountainous study landscape, but shifted to higher-elevation zones under changing climate conditions. Synthesis and applications. Our results highlight that intensifying disturbance regimes may alleviate some of the impacts of climate change on forest biodiversity. However, the projected shift in biodiversity hotspots is a challenge for static conservation areas. In this regard, overlapping hotspots under current and expected future conditions highlight priority areas for robust conservation management.
Data from: Ecosystem services and disservices by birds, bats and monkeys change with macadamia landscape heterogeneity
1.The relative importance of ecosystem services and disservices can change with landscape structure in a poorly understood way. 2.We compare the impact of biocontrol, provided by bats and birds, with that of crop raiding by vervet monkeys on yield in South African macadamia orchards. Insectivorous bats and birds are known to feed on macadamia pest insect species, like the macadamia nut borer or the green vegetable bug. Vervet monkeys move into the orchards during the day to feed on premature macadamia nuts. Bats, birds and monkeys benefit from patches of natural vegetation adjacent to orchards. 3.With exclusion experiments (four treatments: day, night, day & night, control) we quantified the relative importance of biocontrol and crop raiding on yield, comparing two different landscape settings of the orchards, a natural and a human‐modified. 4.Crop raiding occurred only close to natural vegetation and caused yield losses of about 26%. Biocontrol by bats and birds was higher near natural vegetation, but still significant in human‐modified landscapes, at up to 530m distance to forest patches. Prevented biocontrol through the exclusion of bats and birds resulted in yield losses of up to 60%. 5.Effects of biocontrol by bats and birds (USD ~5000/ha/yr) were economically more important than the losses of crop raiding (USD ~1600/ha/yr). As both are linked to the vicinity of forest patches, the removal of natural vegetation to limit monkey abundances would also limit biocontrol service provision. 6.Synthesis and applications. This study highlights the high economic benefits of biocontrol by bats and birds, which outweighed negative impacts through yield losses caused by crop‐raiding monkeys. Management practices to prevent crop damage, such as guarding, excluding vertebrates or removal of adjacent natural vegetation, would also limit access for bats and birds and the great economic benefits provided by their biocontrol. Ecosystem services by bats and birds can be promoted by the exposure of artificial roost and nest sites, but research into species‐specific preferences is needed. The education of farmers is crucial, as many are unaware of the benefits from birds and bats and the fact that these benefits can outweigh the disadvantages of the monkeys' crop‐raiding.
Data from: Changing landscapes of Southeast Asia and rodent-borne diseases: decreased diversity but increased transmission risks
The reduction in biodiversity through land use changes due to urbanization and agricultural intensification, appears linked to major epidemiological changes in many human diseases. Increasing disease risks and the emergence of novel pathogens appear to result from increased contact between wildlife, domesticated animals and humans. We investigate how increasing human domination of the environment may favor generalist and synanthropic rodent species and affect the diversity and prevalence of rodent-borne pathogens in Southeast Asia, a hotspot of threatened and endangered species and emerging infectious diseases. We used extensive pathogen survey data on rodents from seven sites in mainland Southeast Asia in conjunction with present and past land cover analysis. At low spatial resolution across sites, we found that rodent-borne pathogen richness is negatively associated with increasing urbanization, characterized by increased habitat fragmentation, agriculture cover and deforestation. However at high spatial resolution among sites, we found that some major pathogens are favored by certain environmental characteristics associated with human domination of landscapes, including irrigation, habitat fragmentation, and increased agricultural land cover. In addition, synanthropic rodents, many of which are important pathogen reservoirs, were found favoured in fragmented and human-dominated areas, which may ultimately enhance the opportunities for zoonotic transmission and human infection by certain pathogens.
Data from: Demographic modelling reveals a history of divergence with gene flow for a glacially tied stonefly in a changing post-Pleistocene landscape
Aim: Climate warming is causing extensive loss of glaciers in mountainous regions, yet our understanding of how glacial recession influences evolutionary processes and genetic diversity is limited. Linking genetic structure with the influences shaping it can improve understanding of how species respond to environmental change. Here, we used genome-scale data and demographic modelling to resolve the evolutionary history of Lednia tumana, a rare, aquatic insect endemic to alpine streams. We also employed a range of widely used data filtering approaches to quantify how they influenced population structure results. Location: Alpine streams in the Rocky Mountains of Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Taxon: Lednia tumana, a stonefly (Order Plecoptera) in the family Nemouridae. Methods: We generated single nucleotide polymorphism data through restriction-site associated DNA sequencing to assess contemporary patterns of genetic structure for 11 L. tumana populations. Using identified clusters, we assessed demographic history through model selection and parameter estimation in a coalescent framework. During population structure analyses, we filtered our data to assess the influence of singletons, missing data and total number of markers on results. Results: Contemporary patterns of population structure indicate that L. tumana exhibits a pattern of isolation-by-distance among populations within three genetic clusters that align with geography. Mean pairwise genetic differentiation (FST) among populations was 0.033. Coalescent-based demographic modelling supported divergence with gene flow among genetic clusters since the end of the Pleistocene (~13-17 kya), likely reflecting the south-to-north recession of ice sheets that accumulated during the Wisconsin glaciation. Main conclusions: We identified a link between glacial retreat, evolutionary history and patterns of genetic diversity for a range-restricted stonefly imperiled by climate change. This finding included a history of divergence with gene flow, an unexpected conclusion for a mountaintop species. Beyond L. tumana, this study demonstrates the complexity of assessing genetic structure for weakly differentiated species, shows the degree to which rare alleles and missing data may influence results, and highlights the usefulness of genome-scale data to extend population genetic inquiry in non-model species.
Data from: Homogenization of dispersal ability across bird species in response to landscape change
Human land use is known to homogenize biotic communities, increasing similarity in their genetic, taxonomic and functional diversity. Explanations have focused almost exclusively on human-mediated extinction and range expansion. However, homogenization could also be produced by land use driving selection for similar traits across species. We propose a novel hypothesis to explain how human land use homogenizes dispersal ability across species. With habitat loss and increasing human land use intensities there should be larger increases in the costs of dispersal for dispersive than sedentary species, because dispersive species interact with non-habitat more frequently. In contrast, the benefits of dispersal should increase more for sedentary than dispersive species, because sedentary species are at greater risk from inbreeding depression, predation and competition associated with habitat loss. Therefore we predict that sedentary species become more dispersive in a human-altered landscape, and dispersive species more sedentary. We tested this prediction using wing pointedness to estimate the initial dispersal ability and change in dispersal ability for 21 North American passerines over the 20th century. More pointed wings are associated with stronger dispersal ability. Thus our prediction would be supported by a negative cross-species relationship between these two measurements. We found a strong, negative relationship, as predicted. This resulted in declines in the variability in wing pointedness among species over time. Although other things can cause wing shape to change, including changes in habitat availability, none of these explained the observed relationship. Our result provides the first evidence that human landscape alteration is homogenizing bird communities, driving selection for intermediate dispersal ability across species. It also implies that more dispersive species are more at-risk from human landscape use because, when rates of landscape alteration are faster than a species' ability to adapt to that change, the costs of dispersal increase more for dispersive than sedentary species.
Data from: The importance of core habitat for a threatened species in changing landscapes
1. Habitat loss, fragmentation and alteration of the landscape matrix are interdependent processes, collectively responsible for most recent species extinctions. Thus, determining the extent to which these landscape processes affect animals is critical for conservation. However, researchers have often assumed that interdependent effects are independently related to animals' responses, underestimating the importance of one or several landscape processes in driving species declines. 2. We demonstrate how to disentangle the interdependent effects of habitat area, fragmentation, and edge context on population size by assessing abundance of a rapidly-declining grassland songbird species (Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum) in eastern Kansas (USA). We conducted > 7,000 point-count bird surveys at > 2,000 sites over two breeding seasons, then modelled the direct, interactive, and indirect effects of landscape factors on abundance within spatial scales (200-, 400-, 800-, 1600-m radii) relevant to our focal species' dispersal behavior. 3. Sparrow abundance correlated most strongly with landscape structure within 400-m radii, increasing non-linearly with grassland area and decreasing with the proportion of grassland near cropland or woody edges. Sparrows' negative response to cropland edges was mostly an added, indirect consequence of reduced grassland area, whereas sparrows' stronger negative response to woody edges was not attributable to variation in grassland area. Fragmentation and edge context mattered most in landscapes comprising ~ 50–80% grassland. 4. Synthesis and applications. Abundance of a threatened grassland songbird was influenced more by core grassland area (a function of total grassland area, fragmentation, and edge context) than total grassland area per se. Moreover, a local extinction threshold of ~ 50% grassland indicated that small amounts of habitat were unsuitable for our focal species regardless of habitat configuration or matrix type. Local extinction thresholds in response to habitat area provide clear baseline targets for land managers; above those thresholds, configuration and the matrix can be modified to increase abundance of edge-sensitive animals. Conflicting evidence in the literature regarding the importance of fragmentation and matrix features could be partially explained by species-level traits, or methodological issues such as defining landscapes at ecologically-arbitrary spatial scales, assessing landscape quality using species richness, and ignoring interactive and indirect effects.
Landscape genomics of the streamside salamander: Implications for species management in the face of environmental change
<p>Understanding spatial patterns of genetic differentiation and local adaptation is critical in a period of rapid environmental change. Climate change and anthropogenic development have led to population declines and shifting geographic distributions in numerous species. The streamside salamander, <i>Ambystoma barbouri</i>, is an endemic amphibian with a small geographic range that predominantly inhabits small, ephemeral streams. As <i>A. barbouri</i> is listed as near-threatened by the IUCN, we describe range-wide patterns of genetic differentiation and adaptation to assess the species' potential to respond to environmental change. We use outlier scans and genetic-environment association analyses to identify genomic variation putatively underlying local adaptation across the species' geographic range. We find evidence for adaptation with a polygenic architecture and a set of candidate SNPs that identify genes putatively contributing to local adaptation. Our results build on earlier work that suggests that some <i>A. barbouri</i> populations are locally adapted despite evidence for asymmetric gene flow between the range core and periphery. Taken together, the body of work describing the evolutionary genetics of range limits in <i>A. barbouri</i> suggest that the species may be unlikely to respond naturally to environmental challenges through a range shift or <i>in situ</i> adaptation. We suggest that management efforts such as assisted migration may be necessary in the future.</p>
Data from: Multi-decadal changes in phytoplankton biomass in northern temperate lakes as seen through the prism of landscape properties
<p>Ecologists collectively predict that climate change will enhance phytoplankton biomass in northern lakes. Yet there are unique variations in the structures and regulating functions of lakes to make this prediction challengeable and, perhaps, inaccurate. We used archived Landsat TM/ETM+ satellite products to estimate epilimnetic chlorophyll-<i>a </i>concentration (Chl-<i>a</i>) as a proxy for phytoplankton biomass in 281 northern temperate lakes over 28 years. We explored the influence of climate (air temperature, precipitation) and landscape proxies for nutrient sources (proportion of wetlands in a contributing catchment, size of the littoral zone, potential for wind-driven sediment resuspension as estimated by the dynamic ratio) or nutrient sinks (lake volume) in a random forest model to explain heterogeneity in peak Chl-<i>a</i>. Lakes with higher Chl-<i>a</i> (median Chl-<i>a</i> = 2.4 μg L<sup>-1</sup>, n = 40) had smaller volumes (< 44 × 10<sup>4</sup> m<sup>3</sup>) and were more sensitive to increases in temperature. In contrast, lakes with lower Chl-<i>a</i> (median Chl-<i>a</i> = 0.6 μg L<sup>-1</sup>, n = 241) had larger volumes (≥ 44 × 10<sup>4</sup> m<sup>3</sup>), contributing catchments with smaller proportions of wetlands (< 4.5% of catchment area, n = 70), smaller littoral zones (< 16.4 ha, n = 137), minimal wind-driven sediment resuspension (as defined by the dynamic ratio; < 0.45, n = 232), and were more sensitive to increases in precipitation. Lakes with larger volumes were generally less responsive to climate factors; however, large volume lakes with a significant proportion of wetlands and larger littoral zones behaved similarly to lakes with smaller volumes. Our finding that lakes with different landscape properties respond differently to climate factors may help predict the susceptibility of lakes to eutrophication under changing climate conditions.</p>
Changes in arthropod communities mediate the effects of landscape composition and farm management on pest control ecosystem services in organically managed strawberry crops
<p>Landscape composition and local diversification practices such as polyculture, cover cropping, and hedgerows may promote natural pest control by benefiting natural enemy communities on farms. Our study employs piecewise structural equation modeling (PSEM) to test causal hypotheses regarding the effects of landscape composition and local diversification practices on arthropod communities and pest control ecosystem services.</p> <p>We sampled 27 organic strawberry fields in California's Central Coast region in 2015 and 2016 (17 repeated between years) for a total of 37 distinct sites across years. The sites were selected along orthogonal gradients of landscape composition and local diversification practices. We also investigated the effects of two common pest management practices. At each site, we sampled arthropod communities using a hand-held vacuum and performed sentinel prey experiments using the pest species <em>Lygus hesperus</em> to estimate pest control levels.</p> <p>At the landscape scale, proportion woods increased natural enemy abundance; at the local scale, diversification practices increased natural enemy diversity.</p> <p>Insecticides and tractor vacuuming, aimed at controlling pests, were indirectly detrimental to pest control services. Both practices decreased natural enemy abundance, and while insecticides also decreased pest abundance, vacuuming did not.</p> <p>Natural enemy abundance and diversity increased pest control levels, while pest abundance had the opposite effect. The PSEM results confirmed our hypotheses that landscape and local effects on pest control are mediated through changes in arthropod communities.</p> <p><em><a>Synthesis </a>and applications</em>: At the landscape scale, higher proportions of woody habitat are associated with greater natural enemy abundance, which increases pest control levels. When promoting pest control ecosystem services is a policy goal, regional planners should prioritize the conservation and restoration of woodlands in agricultural landscapes. At the local scale, decisions of individual growers can impact pest control services. For many growers, adopting practices that promote on-farm plant diversity may be a feasible solution for increasing pest control levels while avoiding the environmental and economic costs imposed by insecticide application and tractor <a>vacuuming. </a></p> <div> <div> <div class="msocomtxt"> <p class="MsoCommentText"> </p> </div> </div> </div>
Impact of landscape fragmentation and climate change on body size variation of bumblebees during the last century
<p>Body size is a key parameter of organism fitness. While the impact of climate change on body size has received increasing attention, the long-term consequences of landscape fragmentation are still poorly known. These two major global threats may potentially induce opposite trends: the decrease of body size in warmer environments (e.g. individuals developing faster) or the selection of larger individuals in fragmented habitats (e.g. large individuals more capable of reaching distant patches). We assessed the relationship between temperature and landscape fragmentation with mean body size during the last century, within four European regions (Austria, Belgium, England and above the Arctic circle in Scandinavia) and among queens of five bumblebee species. At the regional scale, we first analysed the variation over time of body size and the two hypothesised drivers, temperature and landscape fragmentation. Then, at the local landscape scale, we tested whether body size varied according to these drivers irrespective of the region. At the regional level, we observed a statistically clear increase of queen body size corresponding to an increase of landscape fragmentation (i.e. in Belgium and England). There was no increase of size when fragmentation did not increase (i.e. in Austria and above the Arctic Circle). Temperature also increased through time in all regions. At the local landscape scale, we found that all species were impacted by changes in both climate and landscape fragmentation but show different trends. The body size of the two largest species significantly increased at landscape level with higher fragmentation while body size of the two smallest species decreased with higher fragmentation. We highlight that, in a context of global changes, landscape fragmentation can also be a major driver of body size clines. Depending on the dispersal abilities of species, larger species could be positively selected for and overcome landscape fragmentation.</p>
Changing function landscape of two dimensional recombinations
<p>The videos show the changing function landscape of two dimensional recombinations, described in the paper 'Increasing Diversity of Benchmark Functions Sets by Affine Recombination' which was submitted to PPSN 2022.</p> <p>We show all recombinations that include the unshifted two-dimensional sphere function paired with every other two-dimensional BBOB function. </p>
Data from: Integrating water quality monitoring and diatom community trends to determine landscape-level change in protected lakes.
<p>These data represent water quality measurements and diatom counts from surface sediments collected from lakes in five National Park units in the Great Lakes Region (USA) between 2005 and 2018. Water quality measurements were made three times annually during the growing season; data are presented as growing season means. Surface sediment samples were collected from the same lakes every 3-5 years over more than a decade to analyze diatom community turnover. Diatom data are presented as proportions relative to total diatom counts in each sample; only taxa occuring at 2% or greater in a given park were included. </p>
Plan-form evolution of drainage basins in response to tectonic changes: Insights from experimental and numerical landscapes
<p>The following data contains raw DEMs from the experiment in the simulations referred to in the mentioned manuscript, as well as MATLAB scripts (and legend) used for the analysis of the data.</p> <p>Experiment DEMs are named after the time they were acquired within the experiment, i.e., 4.tif is the DEM of the landscape after a duration of 4 hours of experiment.</p> <p>In MATLAB scripts, the following legend is used:</p> <p>E = Experiment</p> <p>SL = Low concavity simulation</p> <p>SH = High concavity simulation</p> <p>HL = Hack's law analysis</p> <p>A = Asymmetry analysis</p> <p>C = Chi analysis</p> <p>CP = Chi prime analysis</p> <p>ADCP = Across-divide chi prime analysis</p> <p>DAI = Divide asymmetry index analysis</p> <p>CreateStructuredGrid = Function that generates GRIDobj from ASCII files</p> <p>Num_DEM_Load = Script that generates GRIDobj from ASCII files</p>
Evolutionary changes in the chromatin landscape contribute to reorganization of a developmental gene network during rapid life history evolution in sea urchins
<p>Chromatin configuration is highly dynamic during embryonic development in animals, exerting an important point of control in transcriptional regulation. Yet there exists remarkably little information about the role of evolutionary changes in chromatin configuration to the evolution of gene expression and organismal traits. Genome-wide assays of chromatin configuration, coupled with whole-genome alignments, can help address this gap in knowledge in several ways. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of regulatory element sequences and accessibility throughout embryogenesis in three sea urchin species with divergent life histories: a lecithotroph <em>Heliocidaris erythrogramma</em>, a closely related planktotroph <em>H. tuberculata</em>, and a distantly related planktotroph <em>Lytechinus variegatus</em>. We identified distinct epigenetic and mutational signatures of evolutionary modifications to the function of putative <em>cis</em>-regulatory elements in <em>H. erythrogramma</em> that have accumulated non-uniformly throughout the genome, suggesting selection, rather than drift, underlies many modifications associated with the derived life history. Specifically, regulatory elements composing the sea urchin developmental gene regulatory network are enriched for signatures of positive selection and accessibility changes which may function to alter binding affinity and access of developmental transcription factors to these sites. Furthermore, regulatory element changes often correlate with divergent expression patterns of genes involved in cell type specification, morphogenesis, and development of other derived traits, suggesting these evolutionary modifications have been consequential for phenotypic evolution in <em>H. erythrogramma</em>. Collectively, our results demonstrate that selective pressures imposed by changes in developmental life history rapidly reshape the <em>cis</em>-regulatory landscape of core developmental genes to generate novel traits and embryonic programs.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Poirazidis K (2017) Systematic Raptor Monitoring as conservation tool: 12 year results in the light of landscape changes in Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli National Park. Nature Conservation 22: 17-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.22.20074
Map of Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli National Park, vantage points and line transects : Data type: PNG image file
Data from: Landscape variability of vegetation change across the forest to tundra transition of central Canada
<p><strong>Paper Abstract: </strong></p> <p>Widespread increases in the productivity of tundra ecosystems and static trends – or even declines – in boreal ecosystems have been detected since the early 1980s using coarse-scale remote sensing. However, intermediate-scale Landsat studies have shown that these changes are heterogeneous and may be related to landscape and regional variability in climate, land cover, topography and moisture availability. In this study, a Landsat Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time-series (1984–2016) was examined for an area spanning the transition from sub-Arctic boreal forest to Low Arctic tundra in central Canada. This was supplemented by analyses of relationships with a suite of environmental variables and in situ measurements of bulk vegetation volume. Results show that NDVI trends were generally positive (i.e. increasing) across the study area but were smallest in the forest zone and largest in the northern tundra zone. More than one-quarter (27%) of un-masked pixels exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) trend and virtually all (99.3%) of those pixels exhibited an increasing, or “greening”, trend. Greening pixels were most common in the northern tundra zone and the southern ecotone zone. Random Forest modeling of the relationship between NDVI and environmental variables indicated that the magnitude and direction of trends varied across the forest to tundra transition. Areas that experienced larger increases in NDVI include: (i) areas where summer temperatures increased; (ii) areas exhibiting predominantly shrub and forest cover; and (iii) locations closer to major drainage systems, further from major lakes, and at lower elevations. Ground validation in the central portion of the study area reveals a strong relationship (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.79) between vegetation volume and NDVI for non-tree functional groups and that alder (<em>Alnus crispa</em>) shrublands and open spruce (<em>Picea mariana</em> and <em>P. glauca</em>) woodland with shrubby understories were most likely to exhibit greening. These findings indicate that the largest positive and more significant NDVI trends were associated with increased productivity in shrub-dominated environments, especially at, and north of the treeline in localities with favorable growing conditions. Smaller and less significant NDVI trends in boreal forest environments south of the treeline were likely associated with long-term successional change following disturbance rather than the variables analyzed here.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data details:<br></strong></p> <p>See paper: <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034425718303675?via%3Dihub">Landscape variability of vegetation change across the forest to tundra transition of central Canada - ScienceDirect</a> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>If you use these data, please reference:</strong></p> <p>Bonney, M.T., Danby, R.K., Treitz, P.M., 2018. Landscape variability of vegetation change across the forest to tundra transition of central Canada. Remote Sens. Environ. 217 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.08.002" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.08.002</a>.</p> <p>See code on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/ZZMitch/CentralCanadaShrubification_1984to2016">ZZMitch/CentralCanadaShrubification_1984to2016: Code from "Landscape variability of vegetation change across the forest to tundra transition of central Canada" (RSE, 2018) (github.com)</a></p>
Data from: Attributing drivers to spatio-temporal changes in tree density across a suburbanizing landscape since 1944
<p><strong>Paper Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Urban expansion, especially suburbanization, represents a major social, economic and environmental shift that has escalated since the mid-1900s in North America. Suburban development leads to corresponding changes in the treed environment of urban-rural fringes. It is important to understand where, when and why trees change in response to development over many decades, but this is difficult since long-term data are scarce. We used 70+ years (1944–2017) of leaf-off aerial photographs, often representing the only long-term landscape record, to quantify and map spatio-temporal changes in tree density through the entirety of the agricultural-suburban transitional period. Photo-interpretation of individual tree locations, along with recording observable drivers of change, was completed across six different modern landscapes in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Results indicate that tree density often recovers, or even increases, post-development. There are differences between landscapes, but most tree density gains are associated with forest expansion and tree planting, while most losses are associated with building and road construction. The influence of these drivers, along with the temporal trajectory of tree density changes, are shaped by a landscape’s socioecological legacy and the length, scope and intensity of development (as decided by decision makers). Processes include initial tree losses followed by recovery from tree planting, and forest succession in abandoned fields after land purchase and nearby development. We assert that the spatio-temporal changes in tree density and related drivers quantified here can be generalized to gain knowledge on how tree density and distribution across agricultural landscapes will change under different development scenarios.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data details:</strong></p> <p>See paper: <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204619301914?via%3Dihub">Attributing drivers to spatio-temporal changes in tree density across a suburbanizing landscape since 1944 - ScienceDirect</a></p> <p>See code on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/ZZMitch/SuburbanizingTreeDensity_1944to2017">ZZMitch/SuburbanizingTreeDensity_1944to2017: Code from "Attributing drivers to spatio-temporal changes in tree density across a suburbanizing landscape since 1944" (L&UP, 2019) (github.com)</a></p> <p>- Note: High resolution imagery is not included in this repository. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>If you use these data, please reference: </strong></p> <p>Bonney, M.T., He, Y., 2019. Attributing drivers to spatio-temporal changes in tree density across a suburbanizing landscape since 1944. Landscape and Urban Planning 192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103652. </p>
Spatiotemporal patterns and implications of changing seasonal flooding extents on wetland landscapes of a transboundary Chobe River Basin in Southern Africa
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Future fire-driven landscape changes along a southwestern US elevation gradient
<p>Over the 21st century, the combined effects of increased fire activity and climate changes are expected to altered forest composition and structure in many ecosystems by changing post-fire successional trajectories and recovery. The southwestern US mountains encompass varied vegetation types and species according to elevation which do not respond the same to changing climate and fire regime. Moreover, fire exclusion applied during the early 20<sup>th</sup> century has altered forest structure and fuel loads compared to their natural states (i.e. without fire suppression). Consequently, uncertainties persist about future vegetation shifts along the elevation gradient.</p> <p>In this study, we simulated future vegetation dynamics along an elevation gradient in the southwestern US comprising pinyon-juniper woodlands, ponderosa pine forests and mixed conifer forests for the period 2000-2099, to quantify the effects of future climate conditions and projected wildfires on species productivity and distribution.</p> <p>While we expected to find larger changes at low elevation due to warmer and drier conditions, the largest changes occurred at high elevation in mixed-conifer forests and were caused by wildfire. The largest increase in high-severity and large fires were recorded in this vegetation type, leading to high mortality of the dominant species, <i>Picea engelmannii</i> and <i>Abies lasiocarpa</i>, which are not adapted to fire. The loss of these two species reduced biomass productivity at high elevation. In ponderosa pine forests and pinyon-juniper woodlands, fewer vegetation changes occurred due to higher abundance of well-adapted species to fire and the lower fuel loads mitigating projected fire activity, respectively.</p> <p>Thus, future research should prioritize understanding of the processes involved in future vegetation shifts in mixed-conifer forests in order to mitigate the risk of loss of diversity specific to high-elevation forests and the decrease in biomass productivity, and thus carbon storage capacity, of these ecosystems due to wildfires.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.