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2,218 results for “loading”
Figures and data: Combining wake redirection and derating strategies in a load-constrained wind farm power maximization
<p><strong>Figures from the publication <em>Combining wake redirection and derating strategies in a load-constrained wind farm power maximization.</em></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>*.fig files can be opened in <code>Matlab</code></p> <p>*.csv files can be opened through a standard text editor (e.g.,<code> Notepad++</code>), imported and visualized in <code>Matlab</code> through the functions <code>>>readmatrix()</code> and <code>>>readtable()</code></p>
Microbial Load on Dental Students' Hands: A Gender and Academic Stage Analysis
<p>This dataset supports a study investigating microbial contamination on the hands of dental students at Al-Hadi University College. The data were collected using impression sampling of the index and thumb fingers of 35 students (17 males, 18 females) from the third, fourth, and fifth academic years. Sampling occurred at the end of academic or clinical activities, and bacterial load was measured using colony-forming units (CFUs) cultured on MacConkey agar. Variables in the dataset include gender, academic stage, handedness, and CFU counts.</p>
National Flood Insurance Program Community Rating System Net Load
<p>The Community Rating System in the National Flood Insurance Program provides discounts to policyholders. However, the discount is cross-subsidized within each state meaning that some policyholders are paying higher insurance premiums that what is actuarially sound and are subsidizing the policies of others. This dataset shows how much the average policy in a county is benefiting from the cross-subsidization (negative net CRS load) or paying extra (positive net CRS load).</p> <p>All datasets were generated using the code in the <a href="https://github.com/ddusseau/NetCRSLoad">NetCRSLoad Github repository</a>. </p> <p> </p> <p>File descriptions are below:</p> <p><em>NFIP_crs_2025-01-01.csv</em> - The processed National Flood Insurance Program policies dataset.</p> <p><em>HE_Rural_Capacity_Index_March_2024_Download_Data.csv</em> - Headwater Economics Rural Capacity Index dataset. https://headwaterseconomics.org/equity/rural-capacity-map/. </p> <p><em>fema_risk-rating-2.0_exhibits-2-3-4.xlsx</em> - National Flood Insurance Program Risk Rating 2.0 Single-Family Homes policies data. https://www.fema.gov/flood-insurance/work-with-nfip/risk-rating/single-family-home. </p> <p><em>state_fips_master.csv</em> - FIPS codes for states.</p> <p><em>cb_2018_us_county_20m_netCRSload_2025-01-01.shp</em> - Community Rating System net load averaged at the county level for NFIP policies in force on January 31, 2024. The "net_crs_lo" field represents the net load in dollar amounts. The "crsLoadPct" field represents the net load as a percent.</p> <p><em>cb_2018_us_county_20m_netCRSload_RR2.shp</em> - Community Rating System net load averaged at the county level for NFIP single-family home policies under Risk Rating 2.0. The "net_crs_lo" field represents the net load in dollar amounts. The "crsLoadPct" field represents the net load as a percent.</p> <p><em>cb_2018_us_county_20m.shp</em> - The county geospatial boundaries from the US Census. https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/demo/popest/2020-fips.html. </p>
Mental health, physical health, training load and subjective performance during the COVID-19 pandemic – a Swiss elite athletes' cohort study
<p>Dataset of Swiss elite athletes (n=203) participating in a repeated online survey evaluating mental and physical health factors, as well as training and performance related metrics. After the first survey during the first lockdown between April and May 2020, there were monthly follow-up surveys over a 6-month period.</p>
Demographic history and natural selection shape patterns of deleterious mutation load and barriers to introgression across Populus genome
<p><br> Abbreviation of species names in each folder: Palb, P. alba; Pade, P. adenopoda; Pdav, P. davidiana; Ptra, P. tremula; Ptrs, P. tremuloides; Prot, P. rotundifolia; Pqio,P. qiongdaoensis.</p> <p>1. FST<br> Relative divergence (FST) for pairwise species comparisons was calculated for all sites with 100 Kbp non-overlapping windows. </p> <p>2. dxy<br> Absolute divergence (dxy) was calculated for all sites with 100 Kbp non-overlapping windows. </p> <p>3. Nucleotide diversity<br> Nucleotide diversity (π) was calculated for all sites with 100 Kbp non-overlapping windows. </p> <p>4. Derived allele frequency<br> The derived frequencies of 4 different functional categories. Each folder contains seven Populus resluts</p> <p>5. Derived_allele_statistics<br> The statistics of homozygous and heterozygous derived alleles for loss of function, deleterious, tolerated and synonymous variants for each individual. The last two individuals in each file are outgroups </p> <p>6. dsuite-dinvestigate<br> The outputs of 10 trios using program Dinvestigate from Dsuite. The sliding window is 50 SNPs, and the step is 20 SNPs.</p> <p>7. Recombination rate<br> The result of population-scaled recombination rate was calculated by LDhat v2.2.</p> <p>8. Volcanofinder<br> Genome-wide scans of introgression sweeps within each species was implemented using VolcanFinder v.1.0 with the Model over 10 Kbp non-overlapping windows.</p> <p>9. ihh12<br> phased SNPs were used to computed ihh12 by selscan v1.3.0. </p> <p>10 populus162.phased.recode.vcf.gz<br> SNPs were phased with Beagle v.4.1 for the 162 non-hybrid individuals.</p> <p>11 populus227.snp.rm_indel.para_filter.biallelic.GQ30.max_miss20.bed.recode.vcf.gz <br> The vcf of 227 Populus samples. </p>
NYS_electricity_load_MW_2011
<p>Data originally comes from NYISO and is aggregated into single time series for NYS in 2011.</p> <p>There are two columns of electricity load, the “historical_load_MW” is the real 2011 NYS electricity load in megawatt; “artificial_load_w_electrification_mw” is an artificial electricity load with building and transportation electrification in megawatt.</p> <p><strong>Data is provided by Quadracci Sustainable Engineering Lab in Columbia University.</strong></p>
Databases of one-way slabs under concentrated loads: parameter analyses and validation of the proposed approach
<p>This database includes information about loading, geometry, failure loads, and failure modes of slabs under concentrated loads under different support conditions. Different datasets were organized for (i) identifying the relation between specific parameters on the governing failure mechanism of the tested slabs and (ii) for validating a proposed approach to predict the shear and punching capacity of slabs under concentrated loads using the ACI 318-19 code expressions.</p>
ATOPE+Breast, Continuous Monitoring of Training Load in Patients with Breast Cancer during Therapeutic Exercise Intervention
<p>The ATOPE+Breast dataset (ATOPE+ for patients with breast cancer) describes the daily status of 23 patients with breast cancer during therapeutic exercise intervention with daily measures of HRV, self-reported wellness, physical activity, and sleep. Besides, the ATOPE+Breast dataset contains information about training sessions, such as intensity recorded, demographic data, treatment details, initial evaluations of quality of life, physical activity levels, previous medical conditions, and risk factors. ATOPE+Breast was recorded using the ATOPE+ mHealth system, whose usability [1] and reliability [2] were successfully validated.</p> <p>References</p> <ul> <li>[1] S. Moreno-Gutierrez et al., “ATOPE+: An mHealth System to Support Personalized Therapeutic Exercise Interventions in Patients With Cancer,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 16878–16898, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3049398.</li> <li>[2] P. Postigo-Martin et al., “mHealth system (ATOPE+) to support exercise prescription in breast cancer survivors: A validity and reliability, cross-sectional observational study (ATOPE study) (Preprint),” JMIR mHealth and uHealth, Preprint, Jan. 2022. doi: 10.2196/preprints.36733.</li> </ul>
Supporting data for the Total ELectricity Loads (TELL) model
<p>This is the raw data supporting the Total ELectricity Loads (TELL) model developed by the Integrated Multisector Multiscale Modeling (IM3) project led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Information about the model itself and code to extract and work with this raw data can be found at: https://github.com/IMMM-SFA/tell.</p> <p>There are five core datasets in this package:</p> <p>1) EIA_930 contains data on hourly electricity demand for 68 balancing authorities in the U.S.</p> <p>2) EIA_861 contains an annual summary of the characteristics of the power industry in the U.S.</p> <p>3) Population contains annual estimates of county- and state-level population in the U.S.</p> <p>4) County_Shapefiles contains a set of shapefiles that define county boundaries for counties in the U.S.</p> <p>4) State_Shapefiles contains a set of shapefiles that define state boundaries for states in the U.S.</p>
Python file loading time comparison across filetypes
<p>A quick test of loading times of various file formats that can be used to store image data in B x N x M shape (B: number of bands, N, M: number of pixels on both axes). The Jupyter Notebook used to obtain these results is provided.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>I used Python 3.6.15 with the following packages:</p> <ul> <li>astropy 4.1</li> <li>numpy 1.19.5</li> <li>h5py 3.1.0</li> <li>hdf5 1.10.6</li> <li>matplotlib 3.3.4</li> <li>tqdm 4.62.3</li> <li>_pickle (version packaged with Python 3.6.15)</li> </ul> <p>The tests were run on Fedora 35 with an Intel© Xeon© W-1250 CPU @ 3.30GHz × 6, 16 GB of RAM and the data stored on 3 disks (HGST WD Ultrastar HUS726T4TALE6L4) in a RAID 5 configuration.</p> <p> </p> <p>Images are generated in (3, 64, 64) shape with pixel values drawn from a normal distribution. Two tests are run, both on 1000 images in total. For the first, those images are saved individually to the four file formats in question: .fits, .npy, .h5 and .pkl and then read one by one, and the operation np.mean() is applied (to prevent any memcaching). In the second test, they are saved in batches of 64, resulting in 64 images of (3, 64, 64) per file. This yields the second plot.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>When saving images individually, the .pkl files are loaded the quests at 0.077 ms per file for loading + running np.mean. .npy files take 3.0 times longer, .h5 files 6.1 times longer and .fits files 7.7 times longer. This changes when loading the batched files. Loading + applying np.mean is then fastest with .npy files at 0.034 ms per (3, 64, 64) data unit (the loading file of the batched file divided by the batch size), then .fits 1.4 times longer, .pkl 2.0 times longer and .h5 at 2.1 times longer.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p>The .fits format widely used in astronomy has a long loading time for individual files, most likely due to the overhead caused by reading the header. It is however one of the fastest file formats when saving images in batches. This should therefore be considered when storing large numbers of images.</p>
Collection of literature and extracted features in the field of under-frequency load shedding for the period 1954-2020
<p>The number of publications in the field of UFLS research is rapidly increasing. This confirms that the topic is timely, but due to the amount of publications, it is easy to lose track of the prevailing concepts driving the latest technologies. To overcome this problem, researchers resort to subjective review articles in the literature in which individual authors attempt to systematically categorize UFLS algorithms according to their own understanding of a variety of approaches. Since this is not exactly a trivial task and is undoubtedly subject to personal interpretation, it is better to use specialized mathematical techniques for this purpose. Recently, it has been shown that the use of clustering techniques and graph theory can be a useful tool for systematic literature reviews.</p> <p>If one chooses to search for similarities between UFLS algorithms using such techniques, one must first collect the relevant literature in the field and extract important information. Therefore, this collection provides an Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx) of 381 publications in the field of UFLS protection for the period from 1954 to 2020, with the following information for each publication:</p> <ol> <li><em>authors</em>,</li> <li><em>title</em>,</li> <li><em>year</em> of publication (journal, conference proceedings, doctoral dissertation, master's thesis, bachelor's thesis, other),</li> <li>the <em>source</em> from which we obtained the publication,</li> <li><em>DOI</em> (Digital Object Identifier),</li> <li>extracted <em>general features</em>, and</li> <li>extracted <em>specific features</em>.</li> </ol> <p>Relevant literature was obtained from various open access journals, impact factor journals, repositories of various universities, and archives of various electric utilities and transmission system operators.</p> <p>If the publication in the row can be assigned to the feature specified in column I3-BJ3, the corresponding cell contains the value "1". Otherwise, i.e., if the feature specified in column I3-BJ3 cannot be assigned to the publication, the cell is empty. Detailed descriptions of the individual feature can be found in "Description_of_features.docx". Namely, two identical documents are available, one in English and one in Slovene.</p> <p>Updated versions with more recent data will be uploaded with a differing version number and doi.</p>
Developing Notification and Enforcement Systems to Communicate and Administer Bridge Load Postings
<p>State and local law enforcement agencies in the US strive to enforce weight restrictions on trucks and heavy vehicles travelling on public roads as a matter of public safety and as a way of safeguarding vital transportation infrastructure. This research aimed to identify plausible notification systems that can effectively communicate bridge load postings to dispatchers and drivers, investigate and suggest possible approaches to communicate potential detour routes, and identify corresponding enforcement methods required to successfully administer bridge load postings. This report discusses the current practices of bridge load posting notification and enforcement systems. Also, it presents an overview of the existing conditions of intelligent Transportation systems (ITS) in Louisiana that included: Traffic Management Centers (TMCs), Motorist Assistance Patrol (MAP) service, ITS devices, and technologies. A national survey was also conduct targeting US Departments of Transportation (DOTs) professionals and law enforcement agencies in USA to obtain their feedback and insights regarding the current bridge load posting notification and enforcement procedures/systems, its limitations and required modifications at their States. The results of this research suggest that improving the notification methods alone is not enough to ensure public compliance with posted weight limit on bridges, therefore, the enforcement methods need to be improved as well to enhance drivers’ compliance and to prolong the lifespan of bridges. The report concluded by providing recommendations that can improve the notification and enforcement systems to effectively communicate and administer bridge load postings</p>
Epistatic selection on a selfish Segregation Distorter supergene: drive, recombination, and genetic load
<p>Meiotic drive supergenes are complexes of alleles at linked loci that together subvert Mendelian segregation resulting in preferential transmission. In males, the most common mechanism of drive involves the disruption of sperm bearing one of a pair of alternative alleles. While at least two loci are important for male drive- the driver and the target- linked modifiers can enhance drive, creating selection pressure to suppress recombination. In this work, we investigate the evolution and genomic consequences of an autosomal, multilocus, male meiotic drive system, Segregation Distorter (SD) in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. In African populations, the predominant SD chromosome variant, SD-Mal, is characterized by two overlapping, paracentric inversions on chromosome arm 2R and nearly perfect (~100%) transmission. We study the SD-Mal system in detail, exploring its components, chromosomal structure, and evolutionary history. Our findings reveal a recent chromosome-scale selective sweep mediated by strong epistatic selection for haplotypes carrying Sd, the main driving allele, and one or more factors within the double inversion. While most SD-Mal chromosomes are homozygous lethal, SD-Mal haplotypes can recombine with other, complementing haplotypes via crossing over, and with wildtype chromosomes via gene conversion. SD-Mal chromosomes have nevertheless accumulated lethal mutations, excess non-synonymous mutations, and excess transposable element insertions. Therefore, SD-Mal haplotypes evolve as a small, semi-isolated subpopulation with a history of strong selection. These results may explain the evolutionary turnover of SD haplotypes in different populations around the world, and have implications for supergene evolution broadly.</p>
Tapping to hip-hop: Effects of cognitive load, arousal, and musical meter on time experiences
<p>This upload contains the data set for the study published in Attention, Perception and Psychophysics.</p>
Deep-sequencing of viral genomes from treatment-naive HIV-infected persons shows positive association between intrahost genetic diversity and viral load
<p><strong><span>Background:</span></strong><span> Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) typically results from transmission of a small and genetically uniform viral population. Following transmission, the virus population becomes more diverse because of recombination and acquired mutations through genetic drift and selection. Viral intrahost genetic diversity remains a major obstacle to the cure of HIV; however, there is a disagreement whether intrahost viral genetic diversification associates positively or negatively with disease progression and progression markers. Viral load is a key progression marker and understanding its relationship to viral intrahost genetic diversity could help design future strategies for HIV monitoring and treatment.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods:</strong> </span><span>We analyzed deep-sequenced viral genomes from 2,650 treatment-naive HIV-infected persons to measure the intrahost genetic diversity of 2,447 genomic codon positions as calculated by Shannon entropy. We tested for associations between viral load (VL) and amino acid (AA) entropy accounting for sex, age, race, duration of infection, and HIV population structure.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><span><strong> </strong>We confirmed that the intrahost genetic diversity is highest in the <em>env</em> gene. Furthermore, we showed that mean Shannon entropy is significantly associated with VL, especially in infections of >24 months duration. We identified 16 significant associations between VL (p-value<2.0x10<sup>-5</sup>) and Shannon entropy at AA positions which in our association analysis explained 13% of the variance in VL.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Conclusions: </span></strong><span>Our results elucidate that viral intrahost genetic diversity is associated with VL and could be used as a better disease progression marker than HIV consensus sequence variants, especially in infections of longer duration. We emphasize that viral intrahost diversity should be considered when studying viral genomes and infection outcomes.</span></p>
Imaging data of mechanically loaded, micro-patterned, silk-reinforced cellulose films with gold coating for flexible electrodes in medical implants
<p>Neurodegenerative diseases can be treated using a functional interface between the physically soft tissue such as brain and the man-made electrodes. The orders of magnitude harder neural probes cause local injuries, due to periodic micromovements owing to breathing and pulsatile blood flow leading to encapsulation and related collapsing signals. An alternative to the currently used neural implant films including polyimide, poly(p-xylylene), SU-8 - epoxy-based negative photoresist, liquid crystal polymer, and benzocyclobutene is the natural polymer cellulose with an elastic modulus between 100 and 200 MPa. This article elucidates the measurement of the mechanical properties of bare as well as mono- and double-layer silk-reinforced cellulose in phosphate-buffered saline using a universal testing machine. In addition, the article contains electron microscopy data of these micro-structured, gold-coated films subsequent to peel-off tests to access the impact of micro-structures on gold adhesion on cellulose. These imaging data were completed by electron micrographs of mechanically loaded gold-coated cellulose films to demonstrate the impact of micro-structures on crack formation. Finally, the phosphate-buffered saline-induced swelling of the micro-structure was visualized by electron micrographs obtained before and after two-month storage in air and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively.</p>
Driving Smart Crane with Various Loads
<p>This data set contains data collected from an overhead crane (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT.2018.8355217">https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT.2018.8355217</a>) OPC UA server when driving an L-shaped path with different loads (0kg, 120kg, 500kg, and 1000kg). Each driving cycle was driven with an anti-sway system activated and deactivated. Each driving cycle consisted of repeating five times the process of lifting the weight, driving from point A to point B along with the path, lowering the weight, lifting the weight, driving back to point A, and lowering the weight.</p>
Recovered frog populations coexist with endemic Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis despite load-dependent mortality
<p>Novel infectious diseases, particularly those caused by fungal pathogens, pose considerable risks to global biodiversity. The amphibian chytrid fungus (<em>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</em>, <em>Bd</em>) has demonstrated the scale of the threat, having caused the greatest recorded loss of vertebrate biodiversity attributable to a pathogen. Despite catastrophic declines on several continents, many affected species have experienced population recoveries after epidemics. However, the potential ongoing threat of endemic <em>Bd</em> in these recovered or recovering populations is still poorly understood. We investigated the threat of endemic <em>Bd</em> to frog populations that recovered after initial precipitous declines, focusing on the endangered rainforest frog <em>Mixophyes fleayi</em>. We conducted extensive field surveys over four years at three independent sites in eastern Australia. First, we compared <em>Bd</em> infection prevalence and infection intensities within frog communities to reveal species-specific infection patterns. Then, we analyzed capture-recapture data of <em>M. fleayi</em> to estimate the impact of <em>Bd</em> infection intensity on apparent mortality rates and <em>Bd</em> infection dynamics. We found that <em>M. fleayi</em> had lower infection intensities than sympatric frogs across the three sites, and cleared infections at higher rates than they gained infections throughout the study period. By incorporating time-varying individual infection intensities, we show that healthy <em>M. fleayi</em> populations persist despite increased apparent mortality associated with infrequent high <em>Bd</em> loads. Infection dynamics were influenced by environmental conditions, with <em>Bd</em> prevalence, infection intensity, and rates of gaining infection associated with lower temperatures and increased rainfall. However, mortality remained constant year-round despite these fluctuations in <em>Bd</em> infections, suggesting major mortality events did not occur over the study period. Together, our results demonstrate that while <em>Bd</em> is still a potential threat to recovered populations of <em>M. fleayi</em>, high rates of clearing infections and generally low average infection loads likely minimize mortality caused by <em>Bd</em>. Our results are consistent with pathogen resistance contributing to the coexistence of <em>M. fleayi </em>with endemic <em>Bd</em>. We emphasize the importance of incorporating infection intensity into disease models rather than infection status alone. Similar population and infection dynamics likely exist within other recovered amphibian-<em>Bd</em> systems around the globe, promising longer-term persistence in the face of endemic chytridiomycosis.</p>
Estimation of axial loads in tie-rods: Dataset generated from Finite Element simulations for training Artificial Neural Network
<p>Dataset employed for training the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) presented in the cited journal article. The trained ANNs were used to estimate the tensile force in tie-rods installed in a historical structure (the church of the monastery of Sant Cugat close to Barcelona) from dynamic parameters obtained from vibration testing.</p> <p>The dataset consists of input-otput data generated using finite element (FE) simulations. A blank column has been used to separate input data from output data.</p> <p>More details on the nature of the data and how it was employed can be found in the following journal article, which is supplemented by this upload:<br> <em><strong>Makoond N, Pelà L, Molins C. Robust estimation of axial loads sustained by tie-rods in historical structures using Artificial Neural Networks. Structural Health Monitoring. 2022;0(0). doi:</strong></em><strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/14759217221123326">10.1177/14759217221123326</a></strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364098652_Robust_estimation_of_axial_loads_sustained_by_tie-rods_in_historical_structures_using_Artificial_Neural_Networks">Link to author's version of accepted manuscript</a></p> <p>This work was supported by the Servei del Patrimoni Arquitectònic of the Generalitat de Catalunya through a project (managed by the City Council of Sant Cugat) aimed at monitoring the church of the Monastery of Sant Cugat (grant number C-10764). Financial support is also acknowledged from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of the Spanish Government and the ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) through the SEVERUS project (Multilevel evaluation of seismic vulnerability and risk mitigation of masonry buildings in resilient historical urban centres) (grant number RTI2018-099589-B-I00).</p>
Data sets for the Simulated AMPI (SAMPI) load balancing simulation workflow and Ondes3D performance analysis (Companion to CCPE - Euro-Par 2017 special issue)
<p>This package contains data sets and scripts (in an Org-mode file) related to our submission to the special Euro-Par 2017 issue of the journal "Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience", under the title "Performance Modeling of a Geophysics Application to Accelerate Over-decomposition Parameter Tuning through Simulation".</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.