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107 results for “mountain climate”
Data from: Mountain metacommunities: climate and spatial connectivity shape ant diversity in a complex landscape
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The living heart: climate gradients predict desert mountain endemism
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Data from: Local climate determines intra- and interspecific variation in sexual size dimorphism in mountain grasshopper communities
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Data from: Predicted effects of climate factors on mountain species are not uniform over different spatial scales
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Data from: Climate and competition effects on tree growth in Rocky Mountain forests
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Staying in situ or shifting range under ongoing climate change: A case of an endemic herb in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains across elevational gradients
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Data from: Fire-regime complacency and sensitivity to centennial- through millennial-scale climate change in Rocky Mountain subalpine forests, Colorado, U.S.A.
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Data from: Fire-regime complacency and sensitivity to centennial- through millennial-scale climate change in Rocky Mountain subalpine forests, Colorado, U.S.A.
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Data from: Climatic stress during stand development alters the sign and magnitude of age-related growth responses in a subtropical mountain pine
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Data from: The last 50 years of climate-induced melting of the Maliy Aktru glacier (Altai Mountains, Russia) revealed in a primary ecological succession
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Data from: Climate-driven decreases in aspen’s distribution and opportunities for future expansion across the Southern Rocky Mountains
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Diversity of cellular slime molds (dictyostelids) in the Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve and geographical distribution comparisons with other representative nature reserves in different climate zones of China
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Data from: Microgeography, not just latitude, drives climate overlap on mountains from tropical to polar ecosystems
<p class="CxSpFirst"><span>An extension of the climate variability hypothesis is that relatively stable climate, such as that of the tropics, induces distinct thermal bands across elevation that render dispersal over tropical mountains difficult compared to temperate mountains. Yet, ecosystems are not thermally static in space-time, especially at small scales, which might render some mountains greater thermal isolators than others. Here, we provide an extensive investigation of temperature drivers from fine to coarse scales, and demonstrate that the degree of overlap in temperatures at high and low elevations on mountains is driven by more than just absolute mountain height and latitude. We compiled a database of 29 mountains spanning 6 continents to characterize "thermal overlap" by vertically stratified microhabitats, biomes, and owing to seasonal changes in foliage, demonstrating via mixed-effects modeling that micro- and mesogeography more strongly influence thermal overlap than macrogeography. Impressively, an increase of one meter of vertical microhabitat height generates an increase in overlap equivalent to a 5.26° change in latitude. In addition, forested mountains have reduced overlap – 149% lower – relative to non-forested mountains. We provide evidence in support of a climate hypothesis that emphasizes microgeography as a determinant of dispersal, demographics, and behavior, thereby refining classical theory of macroclimate variability as a prominent driver of biogeography.</span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"> </p>
Data from: Climate, soil resources and microbial activity shape the distributions of mountain plants based on their functional traits
<p>While soil ecosystems undergo important modi cations due to global change, the e ect of soil properties on plant distributions is still poorly understood. Plant growth is not only controlled by soil physico-chemistry but also by microbial activities through the decomposition of organic matter and the recycling of nutrients essential for plants. A growing body of evidence also suggests that plant functional traits modulate spe- cies' response to environmental gradients. However, no study has yet contrasted the importance of soil physico-chemistry, microbial activities and climate on plant species distributions, while accounting for how plant functional traits can in uence species- speci c responses.</p> <p>Using hierarchical e ects in a multi-species distribution model, we investigate how<br> four functional traits related to resource acquisition (plant height, leaf carbon to nitro-<br> gen ratio, leaf dry matter content and speci c leaf area) modulate the response of<br> 44 plant species to climatic variables, soil physico-chemical properties and microbial 100 decomposition activity (i.e. exoenzymatic activities) in the French Alps.</p> <p>Our hierarchical trait-based model allowed to predict well 41 species according to the TSS statistic. In addition to climate, the combination of soil C/N, as a measure of organic matter quality, and exoenzymatic activity, as a measure of microbial decom- position activity, strongly improved predictions of plant distributions. Plant traits played an important role. In particular, species with conservative traits performed bet- ter under limiting nutrient conditions but were outcompeted by exploitative plants in more favorable environments.</p> <p>We demonstrate tight associations between microbial decomposition activity, plant functional traits associated to di erent resource acquisition strategies and plant dis- tributions. is highlights the importance of plant–soil linkages for mountain plant distributions. ese results are crucial for biodiversity modelling in a world where both climatic and soil systems are undergoing profound and rapid transformations.</p>
Predicting hydrologic responses to climate changes in highly glacierized and mountainous region Upper Indus Basin
<p><span>The Upper Indus Basin (UIB) is a major source of supplying water to different areas because of snow and glaciers melt and</span><span> is also enduring the regional impacts of global climate change. The expected changes in temperature, precipitation, and snowmelt </span><span>could be reasons for further escalation of the problem. </span><span>Therefore, estimation of hydrological processes </span><span>is </span><span>critical for UIB. The objectives of this paper were to estimate the impacts of climate change on water resources and future projection for surface water under different climatic scenarios using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The methodology includes</span><span>:</span><span> (i) development of SWAT model using </span><span>land cover, soil and meteorological data; (ii) calibration of the model using daily flow data from </span><span>1978-1993; (iii) model validation for the time 1994-2003; (iv) bias correction of Regional Climate Model (v) </span><span>utilization of </span><span>bias corrected RCM for future assessment under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 </span><span>for mid (2041-2070) and late century (2071-2100). The results of the study revealed a strong correlation between simulated and observed flow </span><span>with R<sup>2</sup> and NSE equals 0.85 each for daily flow</span><span>. For validation, R<sup>2</sup> and NSE were found to be 0.84 and 0.80 respectively. Compared to baseline period (1976-2005), the result of RCM showed an increase in temperature ranging from 2.36°C to 3.50°C and 2.92°C to 5.23°C for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively, till the end of 21<sup>st</sup> century. Likewise, the increase in annual average precipitation is 2.4% to 2.5% and 6.0% to 4.6% (mid to late century) under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 respectively. The model simulation results for RCP4.5 showed increase in flow by 19.24% and 16.78% for mid and late century respectively. For RCP8.5, the increase in flow is 20.13% and 15.86% during mid and late century respectively. The model was more sensitive towards available moisture and snowmelt parameters. Thus, SWAT model </span><span>could </span><span>be used as effective tool for climate change valuation and for sustainable management of water resources in future.</span></p>
Translocation experiment reveals capacity for mountain pine beetle persistence under climate warming
<p>Predicting species response to climate change is a central challenge in ecology, particularly for species that inhabit large geographic areas. The mountain pine beetle (MPB) is a significant tree mortality agent in western North America with a distribution limited by climate. Recent warming has caused large-scale MPB population outbreaks within its historical distribution, in addition to migration northward in western Canada. The relative roles of genetic and environmental sources of variation governing MPB capacity to persist-in-place in a changing climate, and the migratory potential at its southern range edge in the United States, have not been investigated. We reciprocally translocated MPB populations taken from the core and southern edge of their range, and simultaneously translocated both populations to a warmer, low-elevation site near the southern range boundary where MPB activity has historically been absent despite suitable hosts. We found genetic variability and extensive plasticity in multiple fitness traits that would allow both populations to persist in a warming climate that resembles the thermal regime of our low-elevation site. We demonstrate, for the first time, that supercooling points in MPBs are influenced both by genetic and environmental factors. Both populations reproduced with seasonally appropriate univoltine generation times at all translocated sites, and bivoltinism was not observed. The highest reproductive success occurred at the warmest, out-of-range low-elevation site, suggesting that southward migration may not be temperature-limited.</p>
Data from: Potential of typical highland and mountain forests in the Czech Republic for climate-smart forestry: ecosystem-scale drought responses
<p>Climate-smart forestry (CSF) consists of an extensive framework of actions directed to mitigating and adapting to global climate change impacts on the resilience and productivity of forest ecosystems. The study connected to this data set investigates the impact of the pan-European 2018 drought on carbon exchange dynamics in typical highland and mountain forests in the Czech Republic, including two coniferous (Norway spruce at Bílý Kříž and Rajec) and one deciduous (European beech at Štítná) stand. Our results show annual net ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> uptake at Rajec to be reduced by 50% during the drought year in comparison to a reference year with normal climatic conditions. Bílý Kříž is less affected by drought, as the local microclimate ensures sufficient water supply. The European beech forest at Štítná is most resilient against drought and its negative impacts: there we detect no differences in carbon exchange dynamics between the drought year and the reference year. Our results are demonstrated on the basis of monthly and annual carbon exchange values and corresponding environmental variables. This data set consists of two files, one containing daily average (sum) data, the second one containing 30 minute average data. The 30 minute average data were the basis of all daily, monthly and annual average (sum) data shown in the study connected to this data set.</p>
Predicting hydrologic responses to climate changes in highly glacierized and mountainous region Upper Indus Basin
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Data from: Climate, soil resources and microbial activity shape the distributions of mountain plants based on their functional traits
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Translocation experiment reveals capacity for mountain pine beetle persistence under climate warming
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.