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Fig. 4 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat
Fig. 4. Distribution of surface temperature (T, C), salinity (S, ‰) and abundance (Abun, ind./ m3) in May, September and November of 2005.
Fig. 2 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat
Fig. 2. Tintinnopsis estuariensis Zhang, Feng & Yu, sp. nov., six different individuals with same scale. Scale bar=50 μm.
Fig. 3 in A new tintinnid ciliate (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) from Yangtze River Estuary, with notes on its habitat
Fig. 3. SEM images of major axis in Tintinnopsis estuariensis Zhang, Feng & Yu, sp. nov. Scale bars: A=100 μm; B – C=10 μm.
FIGURE 7 in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 7. Photographs of habitat for Actenonyx aotearoa sp. nov. A. Glaciated valley at east end of Homer Tunnel, Fiordlands National Park, South Island, view looking north; B. Snowmelt streams at east end of Homer Tunnel, just south of tunnel entrance.
FIGURE 2 in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Actenonyx species. A and B. A. bembidioides White (South Island, Southland, Te Anau Downs, Mistletoe Creek, 216 m); C and D. A. aotearoa sp. nov. (South Island, Fiordlands National Park, east end of Homer Tunnel, 915m). A and C. Dorsal aspect; B and D. Left lateral aspect. Scale line = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 6 in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 6. Photograph of habitat for Actenonyx bembidioides White. Arrow River at Arrowtown, Otago, South Island.
FIGURE 5 in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 5. Map showing distribution records for specimens of Actenonyx aotearoa sp. nov. examined for this study (red circle = type locality; blue circles = localities where specimens have pronotal lateral setae; black circles = other localities). Scale line = 200 km.
FIGURE 1 in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Actenonyx species. A. A. bembidioides White (South Island, Southland, Te Anau Downs, Mistletoe Creek, 216 m); B. A. aotearoa sp. nov. (South Island, Fiordlands National Park, east end of Homer Tunnel, 915m). Scale lines = 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 4. Map showing distribution records for specimens of Actenonyx bembidioides White examined for this study (red circle = type locality; black circles = other localities). Scale line = 200 km.
FIGURE 3. Female genitalia and reproductive tract. A and C. A in A New Species of the New Zealand Endemic Genus Actenonyx White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini) with Notes on Variation, Distribution, and Habitat
FIGURE 3. Female genitalia and reproductive tract. A and C. A. bembidioides White (South Island, Southland, Te Anau Downs, Mistletoe Creek, 216 m); B and D. A. aotearoa sp. nov. (South Island, Fiordlands National Park, east end of Homer Tunnel, 915m); A and B. Tergite IX, dorsal aspect; C and D. Genital capsule and reproductive tract; bc = bursa copulatrix; co = common oviduct; gc1 = gonocoxite 1; gc2 = gonocoxite 2; sbb = spermathecal basal bulb; sg = spermathecal gland; sgd =spermathecal gland duct. Scale lines = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 1. Odontonema aliciae. A. Habit showing distal leaves with subauriculate bases and inflorescence. B. Habit and habitat. C. Capsule. D. Seed. A, B from the type A in Odontonema aliciae, a New Heterostylous Species of Acanthaceae from Panama
FIGURE 1. Odontonema aliciae. A. Habit showing distal leaves with subauriculate bases and inflorescence. B. Habit and habitat. C. Capsule. D. Seed. A, B from the type A. Ibáñez et al. 6928, photos by A. Ibáñez, used with permission; C, D from Nee & Andres 46341.
Figs 28–34 in Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950): Little-known snout moth species and new data about its range and habitats (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Phycitinae)
Figs 28–34. Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950),genitalia: 28–30 —male genitalia; 31–34 —female genitalia: 28 — Kazakhstan, Dzhungarsky Alatau Mts., Usek river valley; 29 — Kyrgyzstan, Moldo-Too Mts., near the Koro-Goo Pass; 30 — Tajikistan, Shakhdarinsky Mts., Vezdara river valley; 31 — Kazakhstan, Dzhungarsky Alatau Mts., Usek river valley; 32 — Kyrgyzstan, Fergansky Mts., southern shore of Toktogul reservoir near the settlement Imeni Chkalova; 33 — Kyrgyzstan, Moldo-Too Mts., near the Koro-Goo Pass; 34 — Tajikistan, Shakhdarinsky Mts., Vezdara river valley Рис. 28–34. Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950), генитаΛии: 28–30 — генитаΛии самца; 31–34 — генитаΛии самки: 28 — Казахстан, хр. Δжунгарский АΛатау, ΑоΛина р. Усек; 29 — Киргизия, хр. МоΛΑо-Тоо, бΛиз пер. Коро-Гоо; 30 — ТаΑжикистан, ШахΑаринский хр., ΑоΛина р. ВезΑара; 31 — Казахстан, хр. Δжунгарский АΛатау, ΑоΛина р. Усек; 32 — Киргизия, Ферганский хр., южный берег ТоктогуΛьского вΑхр. бΛиз пос. имени ЧкаΛова; 33 — Киргизия, хр. МоΛΑо-Тоо, бΛиз пер. Коро-Гоо; 34 — ТаΑжикистан, ШахΑаринский хр., ΑоΛина р. ВезΑара
Data from: Stochastic character mapping, Bayesian model selection, and biosynthetic pathways shed new light on the evolution of habitat preference in cyanobacteria
<p>Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes to have evolved oxygenic photosynthesis paving the way for complex life. Studying the evolution and ecological niche of cyanobacteria and their ancestors is crucial for understanding the intricate dynamics of biosphere evolution. These organisms frequently deal with environmental stressors such as salinity and drought, and they employ compatible solutes as a mechanism to cope with these challenges. Compatible solutes are small molecules that help maintain cellular osmotic balance in high-salinity environments, such as marine waters. Their production plays a crucial role in salt tolerance, which, in turn, influences habitat preference. Among the five known compatible solutes produced by cyanobacteria (sucrose, trehalose, glucosylglycerol, glucosylglycerate, and glycine betaine), their synthesis varies between individual strains. In this study, we work in a Bayesian stochastic mapping framework, integrating multiple sources of information about compatible solute biosynthesis in order to predict the ancestral habitat preference of Cyanobacteria. Through extensive model selection analyses and statistical tests for correlation, we identify glucosylglycerol and glucosylglycerate as the most significantly correlated with habitat preference, while trehalose exhibits the weakest correlation. Additionally, glucosylglycerol, glucosylglycerate, and glycine betaine show high loss/gain rate ratios, indicating their potential role in adaptability, while sucrose and trehalose are less likely to be lost due to their additional cellular functions. Contrary to previous findings, our analyses predict that the last common ancestor of Cyanobacteria (living at around 3180 Ma) had a 97% probability of a high salinity habitat preference and was likely able to synthesize glucosylglycerol and glucosylglycerate. Nevertheless, cyanobacteria likely colonized low-salinity environments shortly after their origin, with an 89% probability of the first cyanobacterium with low-salinity habitat preference arising prior to the Great Oxygenation Event (2460 Ma). Stochastic mapping analyses provide evidence of cyanobacteria inhabiting early marine habitats, aiding in the interpretation of the geological record. Our age estimate of ~2590 Ma for the divergence of two major cyanobacterial clades (Macro- and Microcyanobacteria) suggests that these were likely significant contributors to primary productivity in marine habitats in the lead-up to the Great Oxygenation Event, and thus played a pivotal role in triggering the sudden increase in atmospheric oxygen.</p>
Figs 35–42 in Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950): Little-known snout moth species and new data about its range and habitats (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Phycitinae)
Figs 35–42. Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950), habitats: Kyrgyzstan: 35 — Talassky Mts., Kara-Buura river bank; 36 — Alai Mts., Kyzyl-Eshme valley; 37 — Moldo-Too Mts., Koro-Goo Pass environs; 38 — Dzhumgaltoo Mts., Sary-Kaiky gorge near Kojomkul; 39 — Kirghizsky Mts., Ala-Too settlement environs; 40 — Alai Mts., near Kara-Bulak; Kazakhstan: 41 — Dzhungarsky Alatau Mts., Usek river valley; Tajikistan: 42 — Shakhdarinsky Mts., Vezdara river valley (in the center: the author of this article with the local driver, Maziyo) Рис. 35–42. Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950), биотопы: Киргизия: 35 — ТаΛасский хр., побережье р. Кара-Буура; 36 — АΛайский хр., ущ. КызыΛ-Эшме; 37 — хр. МоΛΑо-Тоо, окр. пер. Коро-Гоо; 38 — хр. ΔжумгаΛтоо, массив Сары-Кайкы бΛиз пос. КожомкуΛ; 39 — Киргизский хр., окр. пос. АΛа-Тоо; 40 — АΛайский хр., бΛиз пос. Кара-БуΛак; Казахстан: 41 — хр. Δжунгарский АΛатау, ΑоΛина р. Усек; ТаAжикистан: 42 — ШахΑаринский хр., ΑоΛина р. ВезΑара (в центре: автор настоящей работы и местный воΑитеΛь, Мазиё)
Figs 1–27 in Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950): Little-known snout moth species and new data about its range and habitats (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Phycitinae)
Figs 1–27. Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950), upper sides: 1 — Kyrgyzstan, Kirghizsky Mts., Ala-Too environs; 2 — Kazakhstan, Dzhungarsky Alatau Mts., Usek river valley; 3 — Tajikistan, Shakhdarinsky Mts., Vezdara river valley; 4 — Kyrgyzstan, Fergansky Mts., southern shore of Toktogul reservoir near Imeni Chkalova; 5 — Kyrgyzstan, Alai Mts., Kyzyl-Eshme valley; 6–8 — Kyrgyzstan, Alai Mts. near Kara-Bulak; 9–14 — Kyrgyzstan, Talassky Mts., Kara-Buura river valley; 15–18 — Kyrgyzstan, Fergansky Mts., Kara-Suu river valley; 19 — Kyrgyzstan, south shore of the Issyk Kul Lake near Kara-Talaa; 20–27 — Kyrgyzstan, Moldo-Too Mts., near the Koro-Goo Pass. 1, 9, 23, 24 — females, the remaining specimens — males. Scale bar: 1 cm Рис. 1–27. Acrobasis khachella (Amsel, 1950), виΑ сверху: 1 — Киргизия, Киргизский хр., окр. пос. АΛа-Тоо; 2 — Казахстан, хр. Δжунгарский АΛатау, ΑоΛина р. Усек; 3 — ТаΑжикистан, ШахΑаринский хр., ΑоΛина р. ВезΑара; 4 — Киргизия, Ферганский хр., южный берег ТоктогуΛьского вΑхр. бΛиз пос. имени ЧкаΛова; 5 — Киргизия, АΛайский хр., ущ. КызыΛ-Эшме; 6–8 — Киргизия, АΛайский хр. бΛиз пос. Кара-БуΛак; 9–14 — Киргизия, ТаΛасский хр., ΑоΛина р. Кара-Буура; 15–18 — Киргизия, Ферганский хр., ΑоΛина р. Кара-Суу; 19 — Киргизия, южный берег оз. Иссык-КуΛь бΛиз пос. Кара-ТаΛаа; 20–27 — Киргизия, хр. МоΛΑо-Тоо, бΛиз пер. Коро-Гоо; 1, 9, 23, 24 — самки, остаΛьные — самцы. Масштабная метка: 1 см
Рис. 1. Пионерский пруΑ, место нахоΑки Brachytron pratense Fig. 1. Pionersky Pond, the habitat of Brachytron pratense in Brachytron pratense (Müller, 1764) (Odonata: Aeshnidae): a new species in the fauna of Chuvashia
Рис. 1. Пионерский пруΑ, место нахоΑки Brachytron pratense Fig. 1. Pionersky Pond, the habitat of Brachytron pratense
Fig. 1. Study area and surrounding intertidal habitats. A in Two new species of Perinereis Kinberg, 1865 (Annelida: Nereididae) from the rocky shore of Maharashtra, India, including notes and an identification key to Group 1
Fig. 1. Study area and surrounding intertidal habitats. A. Coastal region of Maharashtra (western India) and collecting localities. B. Aerial view of the rocky intertidal habitat of the study area. C. Intertidal area with rocks covered with seaweed. D. Close-up view of the intertidal area with rocks covered with seaweed and oyster shells. E. Scraped-out seabed (oyster shells, algae, and sediment), burrows of polychaetes and other small invertebrates can be seen. F. Close-up view of burrowing nereidid dwelling among the seabed. Red arrows point to burrowing worms. Scale bars: B = 20 m; C = 1 m; D = 50 cm; E–F = 3 cm.
Figure 6 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 6. Synidotea innatans sp. nov. Holotype male left, paratype female right. Scale bar = 1 mm (habitus only).
Figure 2 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 2. Cleantioides carpentaria sp. nov. Holotype. Left antennae 1 and 2 detail in ventral view. x = ventral view of left side of pereonite 7 and anterior pleotelson showing pleonal epimera 1–3. Scale bar = 1 mm (habitus only) and 0.2 mm (pereopods).
Figure 9 in Four new valviferan isopods from diverse tropical Australian habitats (Crustacea: Isopoda: Holognathidae and Idoteidae)
Figure 9. Synidotea karumba sp. nov. Holotype male top in dorsal and ventral view, paratype female below, with antennae 2 peduncles.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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