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1,630 results for “occupation”
Occupancy model for Rattus spp. in high and low human human refuse supplementation conditions
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Data from: Large-scale eDNA sampling and hierarchical modeling elucidates the importance of stream habitat for eastern hellbender (<em>Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis</em>) occupancy and eDNA detection
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Data from: N-dimensional hypervolumes in trait-based ecology: does occupancy rate matter?
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Data from: Interspecific interactions among major carnivores in Panna Tiger Reserve: A multispecies occupancy approach
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Using camera traps to estimate site occupancy of invasive Argentine black and white tegus (Salvator merianae) in South Florida
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Data and code for implementing time-to-detection occupancy model
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Data from: Occupancy winners in tropical protected forests: a pantropical analysis
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Intraguild interactions and abiotic conditions mediate occupancy of mammalian carnivores: co-occurrence of coyotes-fishers-martens
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Data for: Considerations for fitting occupancy models to data from eBird and similar volunteer-collected data
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Data for: Occupancy–detection models with museum specimen data: Promise and pitfalls
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Data from: Improving inferences and predictions of species environmental responses with occupancy data
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Predicting potential distributions of large carnivores in Kenya: An occupancy study to guide conservation
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Patch occupancy sampling of invertebrates and salamanders from Coweeta Synoptic sampling sites located in the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin, 2009 to 2012.
This research was conducted in Macon County, North Carolina, as part of the Coweeta LTER synoptic sampling program. In the summers of 2009-2012 we sampled and counted Tallaperla species, Elimia species, fish, and salamanders found in a 150meter stretch at the synoptic sites, a total of 44 sites. The 150meter stretch was divided into thirty 5meter plots that were sampled on three occasions each year of sampling; in 2009 all 44 sites were sample, in 2010 a subset of 8 sites were sampled, in 2011 a subset of 9 sites were sampled, and in 2012 a subset of 8 sites were sampled.
Evolution of ecospace occupancy by Mesozoic marine tetrapods
<p>Ecology and morphology are different, and yet in comparative studies of fossil vertebrates the two are often conflated. The macroevolution of Mesozoic marine tetrapods has been explored in terms of morphological disparity, but less commonly using ecological-functional categories. Here<b> </b>we use ecospace modelling to quantify ecological disparity across all Mesozoic marine tetrapods. We document the explosive radiation of marine tetrapod groups in the Triassic and their rapid attainment of high ecological disparity. Late Triassic extinctions led to a marked decline in ecological disparity, and the recovery of ecospace and ecological disparity was sluggish in the Early Jurassic. High levels of ecological disparity were again achieved by the Late Jurassic and maintained during the Cretaceous, when the ecospace became saturated by the Late Cretaceous. Sauropterygians, turtles and ichthyosauromorphs were the largest contributors to ecological disparity. Through the Mesozoic, we find that established groups remained ecologically conservative and did not explore occupied or vacant niches. Several parts of ecospace remained vacant for long spans of time. Newly evolved, radiating taxa almost exclusively explored unoccupied ecospace, suggesting that abiotic releases are needed to empty niches and initiate diversification. In the balance of evolutionary drivers in Mesozoic marine tetrapods, abiotic factors were key to initiating diversification events, but biotic factors dominated the subsequent generation of ecological diversity.</p>
Multi-species occupancy modeling provides novel insights into amphibian metacommunity structure and wetland restoration
<p>A fundamental goal of community ecology is to understand species-habitat relationships and how they shape metacommunity structure. Recent advances in occupancy modeling enable habitat relationships to be assessed for both common and rare species within metacommunities using multi-species occupancy models (MSOM). These models account for imperfect species detection and offer considerable advantages over other analytical tools commonly used for community analyses under the elements of metacommunity structure (EMS) framework. Here, we demonstrate that MSOM can be used to infer habitat relationships and test metacommunity theory, using amphibians. Repeated frog surveys were undertaken at 55 wetland sites in eastern Australia. We detected 11 frog species from three families (Limnodynastidae, Myobatrachidae and Pelodryadidae). The rarest species was detected at only one site whereas the most common species was detected at 42 sites (naïve occupancy rate: 0.02 – 0.76). Two models were assessed representing two competing hypotheses; the best-supported model included the covariates distance to the nearest site (connectivity), wetland area, presence of the non-native eastern mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>), proportion cover of emergent vegetation, an interaction term between Gambusia and emergent vegetation cover, and the proportion canopy cover over a site. Hydroperiod played no detectable role in metacommunity structure. We found species-habitat relationships that fit with current metacommunity theory – occupancy increased with wetland area and connectivity. There was a strong negative relationship between occupancy and the presence of predatory Gambusia, and a positive interaction between Gambusia and emergent vegetation. The presence of canopy cover strongly increased occupancy for several tree frog species, highlighting the importance of terrestrial habitat for amphibian community structure. We demonstrated how responses by amphibians to environmental covariates at the species level can be linked to occupancy patterns at the metacommunity scale. Our results have clear management implications – wetland restoration projects for amphibians and likely other taxa should maximize wetland area and connectivity, establish partial canopy cover, and eradicate Gambusia or provide aquatic vegetation to mitigate the impact of this non-native fish. We strongly advocate the use of MSOM to elucidate the habitat drivers behind animal occupancy patterns and to derive unbiased occupancy estimates for monitoring programmes.</p>
Table S5: Occupancy change observations in bog species in the Black Forest (Germany) across all sites from 1972-2019
<p><b>Aim:</b> Bogs and transition mires in Central Europe have undergone tremendous changes in the last decades, declining in spatial extent and favorable conservation status. However, species extinctions have been documented only rarely because of a lack of reliable floristic data. Here, we assessed species losses of bog complexes and analyzed their potential drivers.</p> <p><b>Location:</b> Black Forest, Germany.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We made use of the unique situation that the majority of bogs in the Black Forest (124 sites) had been systematically surveyed from 1972 to 1980 and resurveyed the flora of the same sites between 2017 and 2020. In addition, we included further data from the preceding decades.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Out of 88 species for which we compiled site occupancy data, two species went extinct in the whole study area and 37 decreased from 1972 to 2020, losing on average 33% of their initial frequency. In contrast, 46 species displayed a positive trend. While decreasing species were characteristic of raised bogs, moorland ponds and base-rich mires, increasing species were typical of poor mires, fens and wet meadows. Species losses were higher at low elevation, pointing to increasing temperature increase and decreasing precipitation as main drivers of extinction, while habitat area, distance to the nearest site and land use played no significant role. The mean altitude at which extinctions of populations occurred increased with time. Assuming a continuation of the observed negative trends for declining bog species, our models predict the extinction of further ten species by 2045.</p> <p><b>Main conclusion:</b> Our study highlights the value of systematic and comprehensive past biodiversity surveys to assess biodiversity change. We demonstrated that low-mountain habitats have already suffered biodiversity loss as a result of climate change. There are only limited management options against rising temperatures and decreasing precipitation.</p>
Peregrine Falcon Site Occupancy along Delmarva Peninsula, VA (2006-2009)
<p>We monitored the breeding activity of peregrine falcons along the seaside of the Delmarva Peninsula (2006-2009) to determine their influence on the distribution of foraging red knots along the Virginia barrier islands. Twelve breeding territories were used during the study period. Both activity status and productivity varied across sites. Activity status was used to examine the influence of peregrines on the distribution of foraging red knots relative to peregrine eyries. This database contains the results of survey efforts (2006-2009).</p>
Data from: Testing range-limit hypotheses using range-wide habitat suitability and occupancy for the scarlet monkeyflower (Erythranthe cardinalis)
Determining the causes of geographic range limits is a fundamental problem in ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. Range limits arise due to fitness and dispersal limitation, which yield contrasting predictions about habitat suitability and occupancy of suitable habitat across geographic ranges. If a range edge is limited primarily by fitness, occupancy of suitable habitat should be high, habitat suitability should decline towards the edge, and no suitable habitat should exist beyond it. In contrast, a range edge limited primarily by dispersal should have unoccupied but suitable habitat at and beyond the edge. We built ecological niche models relating occurrence records for the scarlet monkeyflower (Erythranthe cardinalis) to climatic variables, and applied these models to independent data from systematic, range-wide surveys of presence and absence to estimate the availability and occupancy of climatically suitable habitat. We found that fitness limitation predominated over dispersal limitation, but dispersal limitation also played a role at the poleward edge. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that dispersal limitation is more important along shallow environmental gradients and also suggest that synergy between dispersal and fitness limitation can contribute to colonization failure. The framework used here is validated by independent data and could be readily applied to inferring causes of range limits in many other species.
Data from: Validating dispersal distances inferred from autoregressive occupancy models with genetic parentage assignments
1.Dispersal distances are commonly inferred from occupancy data but have rarely been validated. Estimating dispersal from occupancy data is further complicated by imperfect detection and the presence of unsurveyed patches. 2.We compared dispersal distances inferred from seven years of occupancy data for 212 wetlands in a metapopulation of the secretive and threatened California black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus) to distances between parent-offspring dyads identified with 16 microsatellites. 3.We used a novel autoregressive multi-season occupancy model that accounted for both unsurveyed patches and imperfect detection to quantify patch isolation using buffer radius (BRM) and incidence function (IFM) connectivity measures at 15 scales (1–10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 km). Connectivity measures were then fit as colonization covariates in occupancy models to estimate a model-averaged dispersal distance. 4.As predicted, colonization was more strongly related to connectivity at small spatial scales (< 10 km). AIC weights were greatest at 7 km for BRM and at 4 km for IFM. 5.Model-averaged dispersal distances (BRM = 7.46 km; IFM = 5.48 km) showed good agreement with the mean (± SE) dispersal distance from 23 parent-offspring dyads (5.58 ± 1.92 km), indicating reasonably accurate mean dispersal distances can be inferred from occupancy data when isolation strongly affects colonization.
Species niches, not traits, determine abundance and occupancy patterns: a multi-site synthesis
<p> </p> <p>Aim: Locally abundant species are usually widespread, and such pattern has been related to properties of the niches and traits of species. However, such explanations fail to account for the potential of traits to determine species niches, and often overlook statistical artifacts. Here we examine how trait distinctiveness determines species abilities to exploit either common habitats (niche position) or a range of habitats (niche breadth), and how niche position and breadth in turn affect abundance and occupancy. We also examine how statistical artifacts moderate these relations.<br> Location: Sixteen sites in the Neotropics.<br> Time period: 1993-2014.<br> Major taxa studied: Aquatic invertebrates from tank bromeliads.<br> Methods: We measured the environmental niche position and breadth of each species and calculated its trait distinctiveness, as the average trait difference with all other species at each site. Then, we used a combination of Structural Equations Models and a meta-analytic approach to test trait-niche relationships, and a null model to control for statistical artifacts.<br> Results: The trait distinctiveness of each species was unrelated to its niche properties, abundance, and occupancy. In contrast, niche position was the main predictor of abundance and occupancy; species that used the most common environmental conditions found across bromeliads were locally abundant and widespread. Contributions of niche breadth to such patterns were due to statistical artifacts, indicating that niche breadth effects may have been overestimated in previous studies.<br> Main conclusions: Our study reveals the generality of niche position in explaining one of the most common ecological patterns. The robustness of this result is underscored by the geographic extent of our study and our control of statistical artifacts. We call for a similar examination across other systems – an essential task to understanding the drivers of commonness across the tree of life.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.