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193 results for “parsimony”
Figure 2. Phylogenies inferred from Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference. A in Morphological phylogenetics provide new insights into the classification and evolution of fossil soldier beetles from Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)
Figure 2. Phylogenies inferred from Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference. A, the majority consensus tree of two most-parsimonious trees obtained by implicit enumeration search under equal weighting (L = 96; CI = 73; RI = 84). Bootstrap values (BS> 49%) are shown near each of the corresponding nodes; B, the majority-rule consensus tree from the Bayesian analysis. Numbers at the nodes denote posterior probabilities.
FIGURE 6. Strict consensus tree from the unweighted parsimony analysis that yielded 10,000 in Systematic revision of the family Kalliapseudidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea)
FIGURE 6. Strict consensus tree from the unweighted parsimony analysis that yielded 10,000 (overflow) most parsimonious trees.
Figure 5 in Revisiting the phylogeny of the scolebythid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) through Bayesian model evaluation and parsimony, with description of a new fossil family of Chrysidoidea
Figure 5. Line drawing of †Chrysopsenella euryphaessa gen. et sp. nov. female holotype (DZUP Bur-1159). Habitus, right side. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 4 in Revisiting the phylogeny of the scolebythid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) through Bayesian model evaluation and parsimony, with description of a new fossil family of Chrysidoidea
Figure 4. †Chrysopsenella euryphaessa gen. et sp. nov. female holotype (DZUP Bur-1159). A, dorsolateral view of habitus, right side; B, dorsolateral view of the right side of head and mesosoma; C, ventrolateral view of habitus, left side; D, ventrolateral view of the left side of head and mesosoma; E, head, frontal view; F, wings. Scale bars: A (1 mm), C with the same scale as A; D (0.5 mm), B and F with the same scale as D; E (0.5 mm).
Figure 6 in Revisiting the phylogeny of the scolebythid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) through Bayesian model evaluation and parsimony, with description of a new fossil family of Chrysidoidea
Figure 6. Line drawings of †Chrysopsenella euryphaessa gen. et sp. nov. female holotype (DZUP Bur-1159). A, ventrolateral view of head and part of the mesosoma, left side. B, head, frontal view. A and B at the same scale. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 3 in Revisiting the phylogeny of the scolebythid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) through Bayesian model evaluation and parsimony, with description of a new fossil family of Chrysidoidea
Figure 3. Trees showing the competing phylogenetic relationships obtained in the present analyses. A, phylogenetic relationships based on the Bayesian analysis using the combination of parameters that yielded the highest MgL value overall (6_hom_linked_equal). Values at nodes represent posterior probabilities for the respective clades. B, relationships obtained in the parsimony analysis under equal weights. C, relationships obtained in the Bayesian analyses without partitioning and with partitioning based on anatomical regions with the highest MgL values (2_unp_shared; 17_ana_linked_per). D, relationships obtained in the Bayesian analysis using partitioning based on anatomical regions with the highest MgL value (17_ana_linked_per). E, relationships obtained in the implied-weighting parsimony analysis and Bayesian analysis using partitioning based on anatomical regions with the highest MgL value (17_ana_linked_per).
Figure 2. Phylogenetic trees obtained from Parsimony analyses. A, under equal weights. B in Revisiting the phylogeny of the scolebythid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) through Bayesian model evaluation and parsimony, with description of a new fossil family of Chrysidoidea
Figure 2. Phylogenetic trees obtained from Parsimony analyses. A, under equal weights. B, under implied weighting (k = 3).
Figure 1 in Revisiting the phylogeny of the scolebythid wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) through Bayesian model evaluation and parsimony, with description of a new fossil family of Chrysidoidea
Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree showing the relationships obtained from parsimony analysis under implied-weighting (k = 3). Black and white hashmarks indicate unique and homoplastic changes, respectively. Only unambiguous changes are shown. Habitus of †Chrysopsenella euryphaessa gen. et sp. nov. shown within blue frame. Habitus of †Cephalobythus clypeatus Lepeco and Melo, 2022 shown within orange frame.
Fig. 8 Maximum parsimony strict-consensus tree for the concatenated 3 in Sky island diversification in the Merodon rufus group (Diptera, Syrphidae)-recent vicariance in south-east Europe
Fig. 8 Maximum parsimony strict-consensus tree for the concatenated 3′-end and 5′-end mtCOI and 28S rRNA genes. Filled circles denote unique changes and open circles non-unique changes. 72 trees, length = 1935 steps, CI = 34, RI = 64
Fig. 3 Parsimony network obtained from TCS v1.21 in A phylogeny of softshell turtles (Testudines: Trionychidae) with reference to the taxonomic status of the critically endangered, giant softshell turtle, Rafetus swinhoei
Fig. 3 Parsimony network obtained from TCS v1.21 for Cytb and ND4 data of Rafetus swinhoei samples, based on a 95 % connection limit. Gaps were treated as fifth state. Symbol size corresponds to haplotype frequency. Each node represents one mutational step. Haplotype frequency: A1= 3, A2=2, B1=2 and all other haplotypes n =1. A1 Hoan Kiem, Yen Bai, Phu Tho. A2 China. A3 Thanh Hoa (LTB). B1 Dong Mo, Ba Vi. B2 Ba Vi (LTB). B3 Hoan Kiem (LTB)
FIGURE 2. The single most parsimonious trees obtained from a in A new species of Scleroramularia associated with sooty blotch and flyspeck in Southern China
FIGURE 2. The single most parsimonious trees obtained from a heuristic search combined ITS and TEF sequence alignment. Numbers at branching nodes represent bootstrap values>50 % (1000 replicates). The tree was rooted to Beauveria bassiana (GenBank AY532027 and AY531936 for ITS and TEF, respectively).
FIGURE 3. Maximum parsimony 50 in A revision of the genus Leontodon (Asteraceae) in the Azores based on morphological and molecular evidence
FIGURE 3. Maximum parsimony 50% majority-rule consensus tree obtained from combined nuclear and chloroplast data. Values above branches show MP bootstrap support; values below are the corresponding ML bootstrap support. Only values above 50% in at least one of the analysis criteria are shown.
FIGURE 2. Maximum parsimony 50 in A revision of the genus Leontodon (Asteraceae) in the Azores based on morphological and molecular evidence
FIGURE 2. Maximum parsimony 50% majority-rule consensus tree obtained from nuclear ITS sequence data (A) and from the combined chloroplast sequence data (B). Values above branches show MP bootstrap support; values below are the corresponding ML bootstrap support. Only values above 50% in at least one of the analysis criteria are shown.
FIGURE 7. Maximum parsimony 50 in A taxonomic reassessment of Viburnum (Adoxaceae) in the Azores
FIGURE 7. Maximum parsimony 50% majority-rule consensus tree obtained from combined data. Values above branches show MP bootstrap support; values below are the corresponding ML bootstrap support. * indicates <50% bootstrap. Only values above 50% in at least one of the analysis criteria are shown. Viburnum treleasei =V. tinus subsp. subcordatum.
FIGURE 21 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 21. (I)—Most parsimonious optimizations (Maddison & Maddison, 2011) of the selected morphological traits using topology resulted from the standard MP analysis of the 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Fig. 18A, Appendix 3). All character states were treated as "unordered" Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 20 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 20. (E–H)—Most parsimonious optimizations (Maddison & Maddison, 2011) of the selected morphological traits using topology resulted from the standard MP analysis of the 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Fig. 18A, Appendix 3). All character states were treated as "unordered" Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 19 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 19. (A–D)—Most parsimonious optimizations (Maddison & Maddison, 2011) of the selected morphological traits using topology resulted from the standard MP analysis of the 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Fig. 18A, Appendix 3). All character states were treated as "unordered" Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 17 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 17. Tricolporate pollen grains of Atraphaxis and Bactria, equatorial view (SEM): (A–C)—A. toktogulica (Ajdarova et al. s.n. LE), reticulate-perforate to striate-perforate pollen surface. (D–E)—A. atraphaxiformis (Abdusaljamova 65, LE), striate-perforate pollen surface. (F)—Bactria ovczinnikovii (Nepli et al. s.n. LE), microreticulate-foveolate pollen surface. (G)—A. ariana (Gorelova s.n. LE), striate-perforate pollen surface. (H–I)—A. frutescens (Resnichenko 145, MW), striate-perforate pollen surface. Scale bar = 10 μm for A, D, G–H; = 1 μm for B; = 3 μm for C, E, F, I. Images: E. Severova & O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 18 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 18. (A)—Strict consensus of 61 most parsimonious phylogenetic trees; tree length = 90 steps; CI = 0.6000; RI = 0.8302, recovered from a standard MP analysis of the morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Appendix 3). All 27 characters are parsimony informative. (B)—Strict consensus of two nested most parsimonious hierarchies of patterns; length = 8328 steps; CI = 0.8521; RI = 0.8264), recovered from a MP analysis of the 3TS representation of 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Appendix 3). The number of the characters (3TS) is equal to 7096, all are parsimony-informative. The MP bootstrap values are indicated below branches (A and B). Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 16 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 16. Tricolporate pollen grains of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia, equatorial view (SEM): (A–C)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE), foveolate to perforate (punctate) pollen surface. (D–E)—P. spinosum (Bornmüller 5083, LE), foveolate to perforate (punctate) pollen surface. (F, I)—P. dumosum (Kotschy 242, LE), striate-perforate pollen surface. (G–H)—P. aridum (Sawers, 1868, Haussknecht s.n. LE), foveolate, foveolate-perforate to microreticulate-foveolate pollen surface. Scale bar = 3μm. Images: E. Severova & O. Yurtseva.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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