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182 results for “planted experiment”
Text-fig. 16. Upper part of the Botchi thin-bedded plant-bearing tuffaceous beds. in Mid-Latitude Palaeogene Floras Of Eurasia Bound To Volcanic Settings And Palaeoclimatic Events - Experience Obtained From The Far East Of Russia (Sikhote-Alin') And Central Europe (Bohemian Massif)
Text-fig. 16. Upper part of the Botchi thin-bedded plant-bearing tuffaceous beds.
Text-fig. 14. Dembi plant-bearing strata (4 km to the south of the Dembi Bay). in Mid-Latitude Palaeogene Floras Of Eurasia Bound To Volcanic Settings And Palaeoclimatic Events - Experience Obtained From The Far East Of Russia (Sikhote-Alin') And Central Europe (Bohemian Massif)
Text-fig. 14. Dembi plant-bearing strata (4 km to the south of the Dembi Bay).
Monitoring of plant cover for the experiment RESTAURSOL (Lil'O, Ile Saint Denis, France)
<p>The data set includes 6240 horizontal high resoltion photographies of plant cover (2292*2292, 72 ppp) for the 6 treatments of RESTAURSOL experiment. This experimentent compares different soil engineering techniques using urban wastes or topsoil extracted in rural aeras that may be implemented for the reclamation of urban soils degraded by past industrial use. It is located in Lil'O site (Ile Saint-Denis, France) :</p> <p>The following reclamation techniques are compared to a control plot with untreated degraded soil :</p> <p>1- Decompaction, 2- Decomp. + compost, 3- Decomp. + excavated materials, 4 - Decomp. + excavated materials + compost, 5 - Decomp. + topsoil</p> <p>The 6 treatments are replicated over 4 blocks, giving a total of 24 experimental plots.</p> <p>A detailled presentation of the experiment and of some results (published during the 12e SUITMA conference) are given in the [RESTAUR'SOL presenttion.pdf] file attached to the data base. </p> <p>The photographies were taken for each plots over 4 squares 1*1 m2 sub-divided in 4 squares 0.5*0.5 m2,</p> <p>For each date of the monitoring. there are 24*4 = 96 (1 *1 m2) and 24*4*4 = 384 (0.5*0.5 m2) hence a total of 480 photos </p> <p>The indexation of the photos is detailed in the [Indexation photos plant cover RESTAURSOL.xls] file</p> <p>The field surveys were carried out for the 13 following dates :</p> <p>01/10/2021; 10/11/2021; 09/12/2021; 08/02/2022; 11/03/2022; 06/04/2022; 13/05/2022; 07/06/2022; 14/02/2023; 14/03/2023; 12/04/2023; 16/05/2023; 14/06/2023</p> <p> </p>
Rapid adaptive evolution to drought in a subset of plant traits in a large-scale climate change experiment
<p>Rapid evolution of traits and of plasticity may enable adaptation to climate change, yet solid experimental evidence under natural conditions is scarce. Here, we imposed rainfall manipulations (+30%, control, -30%) for ten years on entire natural plant communities in two Eastern Mediterranean sites. Additional sites along a natural rainfall gradient and selection analyses in a greenhouse assessed whether potential responses were adaptive. In both sites, our annual target species <i>Biscutella didyma</i> consistently evolved earlier phenology and higher reproductive allocation under drought. Multiple arguments suggest that this response was adaptive: it aligned with theory, corresponding trait shifts along the natural rainfall gradient, and selection analyses under differential watering in the greenhouse. However, another seven candidate traits did not evolve, and there was little support for evolution of plasticity. Our results provide compelling evidence for rapid adaptive evolution under climate change. Yet, several non-evolving traits may indicate potential constraints to full adaptation.</p>
Raw data on water, submerged plants, benthic cyanobacteria, and sediments in ecological experiments
<p>This study aimed to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on the growth of submerged macrophytes (<em>Vallisneria natans</em>) and benthic cyanobacteria (<em>Leptolyngbya</em> sp.), and analyze the redistribution of N and P in the water and sediments under nutrient loading. We detected a total of nine experimental gradients (two replicates), totaling 18 treatment groups at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50 d. The final resulting raw data include the concentrations of physicochemical factors (the pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), redox potential (Eh), electrical conductivity (EC), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN)) in the water, chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in the water, <em>V. natans</em>, and Leptolyngbya sp. biofilms. The dry weight (DW), plant height and ramet numbers of <em>V. natans</em>, and the TP amount in <em>V. natans</em> and sediments were also measured.</p>
Smaller species experience mild adversity under shading in an old-field plant community
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Plant competition experiments commonly suggest that larger species have an advantage, primarily in terms of light acquisition. However, within crowded natural vegetation, where competition evidently impacts fitness, most resident species are relatively small. It remains unclear, therefore, whether the size-advantage observed in controlled experiments is normally realized in habitats where competition is most intense.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We characterized the light environment and tested for evidence of a size-advantage in competition for light in an old-field plant community composed of herbaceous perennial species. We investigated whether larger species contributed to reduced light penetration (i.e., greater shading), and examined the impact of shade on smaller species by testing whether the abundance and richness of smaller species were lower in plots with less light penetration.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Light penetration in plots ranged from 0.3-72.4%. Plots with a greater mean species height had significantly lower light penetration. Plots with lower light penetration had significantly lower small species abundance and richness. However, the impact of shade on small species abundance and richness was relatively small (R2 values between 8% and 15%) and depended on how we defined "small species". Significant effects were more common when analyses focused on small plant species that reached reproduction; focusing on only flowering plants can clarify patterns.</p> <p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>Our results confirm that light penetration in herbaceous vegetation can be comparable to levels seen in forests, that plots with taller species cast more shade, and that smaller species are less abundant and diverse in plots where light penetration is low. However, variation in mean plot height explained less than 10% of variation in light penetration, and light penetration explained between 5-15% of variation in small species abundance and richness. Coupled with the fact that reproductive small species were present even within the most heavily shaded plots, our results suggest that any advantage in light competition by large species is limited. One explanation is that at least some small species in these communities are shade tolerant. Shade tolerance in predominantly herbaceous communities, particularly among small plant species, requires further research.</p>
Pan trap and plant-flower visitor observation data for: Multi-species crop mixtures increase insect biodiversity in an intercropping experiment
<ol> <li><span>Recent biodiversity declines require action across sectors such as agriculture. The situation is particularly acute for arthropods, a species-rich taxon providing important ecosystem services. To counteract negative consequences of agricultural intensification, creating a less hostile agricultural "matrix" through growing crop mixtures can reduce harm for arthropods without yield losses. </span></li> <li><span>While grassland biodiversity experiments showed positive plant biodiversity effects on arthropods, experiments manipulating crop diversity and agrochemical input use to study arthropods are lacking. </span></li> <li><span>Here, we experimentally manipulated crop diversity (1–3 species, fallows), crop species (wheat, faba bean, linseed, oilseed rape) and agrochemical input (high vs. low) and studied responses of arthropod biodiversity. We tested if arthropod responses were affected by crop diversity, mixtures and management. Additionally, we measured crop biomass.</span></li> <li><span>Crop biomass increased with crop diversity under high-input mangement, while under low management intensity, biomass was highest in two-species mixtures.</span></li> <li><span>Increasing crop diversity positively affected arthropod abundance and diversity, both under low- and high-input management. Crop mixtures containing faba bean, linseed or oilseed rape had particularly high arthropod diversity.</span></li> <li><span>Mass-flowering crops attracted more arthropods than legumes or cereals. Integrating intercropping into agricultural systems could increase flower visits by insects up to 15 million per hectare, thus likely also supporting pollination and pest-control ecosystem services.</span></li> <li><span>Flower-visitor network complexity increased in mixtures containing linseed and faba bean, and under low-input management.</span></li> <li><span>Intercropping can counteract insect declines in farmland by creating beneficial matrix habitat without compromising crop yield.</span></li> </ol>
Images of plants at harvest timepoint of Mini5SynCom Screen and Validation Experiments
<p>pictures of plants at harvest timepoint (14 days post infection) of all experiments and data shown in publication titled "Identifying microbiota community patterns important for plant protection using machine learning in synthetic community experiments" by B. Emmenegger, J. Massoni, C.M. Pestalozzi, M. Bortfeld-Miller, B.A. Maier and J.A. Vorholt.</p> <p>The picture name is unique to be able to link to data presented in supplemental data 1.</p>
Explaining variation in plant-herbivore associational effects in a tree biodiversity experiment
<p>Within biodiversity-ecosystem function research, a major outstanding question is how herbivory, a critical ecosystem function at the base of the food web, changes along gradients of plant biodiversity. Neighborhood-level associational effects are hypothesized to be a strong driver of biodiversity-herbivory relationships, but we lack a successful framework that explains the wide variation observed in the sign and magnitude of plant-herbivore associational effects, particularly in systems with mainly generalist herbivores. In this study, we combine measurements from a tree biodiversity field experiment with simulation to provide a framework for explaining variation in plant-herbivore associational effects, particularly when herbivores that feed on many different species (e.g., generalists) cause most damage. We show that monoculture herbivory levels of focal species and their neighbors predict the direction and strength of associational effects. We provide evidence that this may be due to a "spillover effect", in which some insect herbivores attracted to focal individuals ultimately end up feeding on neighboring individuals. With an empirically parameterized simulation, we explain how spatial organization modifies biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships when associational effects operate. We suggest a set of experiments to test the generality of our conceptual framework, to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that produce the patterns we find, and to ultimately increase the predictability of plant-herbivore associational effects. We conclude by discussing how our results might inform pest management in diversified agroecosystems and reforestation sites.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em></p> <p>Our results provide a potential framework for explaining why positive and negative plant-herbivore associational effects are often balanced in systems with primarily generalist herbivores and point to a path forward for predicting when increased plant biodiversity will be associated with increased, decreased, or unchanged levels of insect herbivory on individual plant species in such systems.</p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span><span> </span></span></p>
Data from: An established plant invader may still benefit from increasing genetic diversity – Insights from artificial populations in a common garden experiment
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Intraspecific plant-soil feedback in four tropical tree species is inconsistent in a field experiment
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Data from: Plant diversity enhances moth diversity in an intensive forest management experiment
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Does genetic variation in controlled experiments predict phenology of wild plants?
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Explaining variation in plant-herbivore associational effects in a tree biodiversity experiment
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Pan trap and plant-flower visitor observation data for: Multi-species crop mixtures increase insect biodiversity in an intercropping experiment
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Salt marsh plant community development in a metacommunity experiment in the Wadden Sea
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Rapid adaptive evolution to drought in a subset of plant traits in a large-scale climate change experiment
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Invasive plant species that experience lower herbivory pressure may evolve lower diversities of chemical defence compounds in the exotic range
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Data from: Associations between developmental stability, canalization and phenotypic plasticity in plants with temporally heterogeneous environmental experience
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Ungulate herbivores promote beta diversity and drive stochastic plant community assembly by selective defoliation and trampling: From a four-year simulation experiment
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.