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FIG. 8 in A New Relict Species of Slender Salamander (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps) with a Tiny Range from Point Arguello, California

FIG. 8. Habitat of B. wakei. (A) Type locality at Point Arguello, California, USA; (B) northernmost locality at Honda Point, California, USA. Photographs Ivan Parr, used with permission.

FIG. 5 in A New Relict Species of Slender Salamander (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps) with a Tiny Range from Point Arguello, California

FIG. 5. Skull of an adult female Batrachoseps wakei (CCBER 32848, SVL ¼ 53.0 mm); anterior ventral (top) and dorsal (bottom) views; bones, teeth, and cartilage (stippled) are shown. Scale bar ¼ 2 mm.

FIG. 4 in A New Relict Species of Slender Salamander (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps) with a Tiny Range from Point Arguello, California

FIG. 4. Comparisons of body proportions in B. wakei and its closest relatives. (A) Head length (snout to gular fold); (B) maximum head width; (C) hind limb length; and (D) tail length versus snout–vent length (SVL); color and shape indicate species.

FIG. 2 in A New Relict Species of Slender Salamander (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps) with a Tiny Range from Point Arguello, California

FIG. 2. Photos of Batrachoseps wakei. (A) Paratype (MVZ 293139, adult male, SVL ¼ 60.4 mm) in life; (B) paratype of B. wakei (MVZ 293140, adult male, SVL ¼ 63.0 mm) contrasted with B. nigriventris from Honda Canyon, Santa Barbara Co., California, in close parapatry with B. wakei; (C) EL J 1662. Photos A, B by Sam Sweet; photo C Iñigo Martínez-Solano, used with permission.

FIG. 3 in A New Relict Species of Slender Salamander (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps) with a Tiny Range from Point Arguello, California

FIG. 3. Head shape in ventral view of (A) Batrachoseps wakei (CCBER 32844, adult female, SVL ¼ 67.6 mm); (B) Batrachoseps major (SSS 34390, adult female, SVL ¼ 66.5 mm); and (C) Batrachoseps pacificus (SBMNH 654, adult female, SVL ¼ 67.0 mm); scale bar ¼ 5 mm.

FIG. 1 in A New Relict Species of Slender Salamander (Plethodontidae: Batrachoseps) with a Tiny Range from Point Arguello, California

FIG. 1. Distribution and relationships of the B. pacificus group. (A) Colored polygons show the ranges of the seven species currently recognized in B. pacificus (based on IUCN range polygons), and black dots show the locations of molecular samples included in this study; brown polygon shows range of B. nigriventris. Arrow and purple circle indicate the locality of the species described here. Map tiles by Stamen Design, under a CC BY 3.0 license. Map data by OpenStreetMap under ODbL. (B) Species tree for the B. pacificus group and selected outgroups inferred from coalescent analysis of seven nuclear and one mitochondrial marker. Support values are ASTRAL-III's local posterior probabilities; branch lengths are in coalescent units. See Data Accessibility for tree file.

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FIGURE 3 in Tylopilus hayatae, a new endemic bolete species in relict Mexican beech forest

FIGURE 3. Microscopic features of Tylopilus hayatae Rodríguez-Ramírez & Luna-Vega (Rodríguez-Ramírez 180, holotype). A basidiospores; B basidia; C cheilocystidia; D chrysocystidia; E pileipellis. Bars: (A) 4 mm, (B–E) 0.09 µm. Drawings: EC RodríguezRamírez.

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FIGURE 1 in Tylopilus hayatae, a new endemic bolete species in relict Mexican beech forest

FIGURE 1. Phylogram of maximum credibility of the clades, obtained with Bayesian inference of Tylopilus hayatae Rodríguez-Ramírez & Luna-Vega and related groups. The clade support is represented by a corresponding thick line with subsequent Bayesian probability PP ≥ 0.95.

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FIGURE 2 in Tylopilus hayatae, a new endemic bolete species in relict Mexican beech forest

FIGURE 2. Tylopilus hayatae Rodríguez-Ramírez & Luna-Vega: A and B basidiome Rodríguez-Ramírez 185–186; C Rodríguez-Ramírez 180 (holotype); D stipe reticulum; E basidiospore. Scale bars: (A) 20 mm, (B–C) 10 mm, (D) 100 mm; (E) 4 µm. Photos: A–D Ernesto C Rodríguez-Ramírez; E César R. Martínez-González.

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FIGURE 2 in Zehneria monocarpa (Cucurbitaceae), a new species from the relicts of Kenya's coastal forests

FIGURE 2. Photographs of Zehneria monocarpa. A. Branch with female flowers. B. Branch with male inflorescence. C. Open female flower showing stigma, style and hair inside corolla. D. Male flower. E. Female flower with corolla removed. F. Open male flower showing stamens, disk and hairy corolla. G. Cross-sectional dissection of fruit. H. Ripe fruits. I. Seed. Scale bar: the ruler used in the photos is calibrated in centimeter (cm; thick lines). Photographs by G.W. Hu.

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FIGURE 1 in Zehneria monocarpa (Cucurbitaceae), a new species from the relicts of Kenya's coastal forests

FIGURE 1. Photographs of Zehneria monocarpa. A. Habit. B. Branch with fruits. C. Abaxial leaf side of mature plant (showing glands). D. Adaxial leaf side of mature plant. E. Palmately lobed leaf of juvenile stem (abaxial). F. Palmately lobed leaf of juvenile stem (adaxial). G. Young branch. H. Root. I. A node with (i) Probract. Scale bar: the ruler used in the photos is calibrated in centimeter (cm; thick lines). Photographs: A, C, D, I. by G.W. Hu; B, E–G. by V.M. Ngumbau.

FIGURE 2. A in A new species of Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from flower galls on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae) endemic to Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 2. A. Zelkova abelicea branch composed of several strongly galled flowering shoots. After the exit of the larvae, galls become brown and dry out. B. Galls persist on the flowering shoots until autumn and can be found attached to the dispersal unit (i.e. flowering shoot).

FIGURE 1. A in A new species of Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from flower galls on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae) endemic to Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 1. A. Flowering shoot of Zelkova abelicea with a clear zonation of flower sex, with proximal male flowers (m), intermediate hermaphrodite flowers (h) and distal female flowers (f). B. Morphology of male Z. abelicea flower. Each male flower is composed of 4–6 stamens, each with a filament and anther and surrounded by a 4–6 lobed perianth.

FIGURE 4. Hermaphrodite Z in A new species of Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from flower galls on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae) endemic to Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 4. Hermaphrodite Z. abelicea flower with galls. The galls fuse with the external tissues of the fruit. Here two stamens were galled while one was not.

FIGURE 3. A in A new species of Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from flower galls on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae) endemic to Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 3. A. Flowering shoot of Zelkova abelicea with galled male flowers (g), non-galled male flowers (m) and hermaphrodite (h) flowers. Galls are formed on individual stamens. B. Details of galled male flowers. The anther becomes lateral and there is an opening at the tip of each gall, covered in hair. C. Cut gall with larva.

FIGURES 12–16. Contarinia ampelitsiae, 12. Male terminalia, dorsal 13 in A new species of Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from flower galls on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae) endemic to Crete (Greece)

FIGURES 12–16. Contarinia ampelitsiae, 12. Male terminalia, dorsal 13. Male hypoproct and aedeagus, dorsal. 14.. Larva, head. 15. Larva, spatula and associated papillae. 16. Larva, terminal papillae.

FIGURES 6–11. Contarinia ampelitsiae. 6 in A new species of Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from flower galls on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae) endemic to Crete (Greece)

FIGURES 6–11. Contarinia ampelitsiae. 6. Head (only one apical seta shown). 7. Male 4th antennal flagellomere. 8. Female 4th antennal flagellomere. 9. Acropod. 10. Female cerci, dorsal. 11. Female cerci, lateral.