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FIGURE 3 in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 3. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot of genetic structure based on genetic distances among samples of sympatric Gehyra dubia and G. electrum sp nov. Percentages of genetic variation explained by each PCoA axis are shown in parentheses. The fastSTRUCTURE plot (inset) at K=2 indicates no admixture between the two species.

FIGURE 2. A in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 2. A) Simplified maximum likelihood phylogeny of Australian Gehyra species inferred with RAxML using mitochondrial ND2 sequences. Bootstrap supports of 100 are shown. Select clades are collapsed and outgroups removed for graphical purposes. B) Expanded view of the group containing Gehyra dubia, G. catenata, and G. electrum sp. nov., with bootstrap support shown for select nodes. Gehyra electrum sp. nov. is well supported as a distinct and deeply divergent mtDNA lineage allied to G. catenata and G. dubia.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 6. Colour pattern variation in Gehyra electrum sp. nov. from Springfield Station (A, QM J96404) and Talaroo Station (B, unsampled subadult; C, QM J96408; D, QM J96402), and comparison with sympatric G. dubia (E, Springfield Station; F, Talaroo Station). Photos: Stephen Zozaya (A, C–F); Scott Macor (B).

FIGURE 10 in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 10. An adult male Gehyra electrum sp. nov. from Amber Station consuming sap from an unidentified Acacia. This individual has a fully regenerated tail. Photo: Justin Wright.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 5. Condition of the mental (M) and inner-postmentals (IPM) in Gehyra electrum sp. nov. and G. dubia. Photos: Stephen Zozaya.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 1. Ventral photo of the left hind foot of a Gehyra electrum sp. nov. illustrating how subdigital lamellae were counted. Note that this differs from the counts of King (1983), who included the apical wedge, unlike recent Gehyra descriptions.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia

FIGURE 8. Map of inland north-eastern Queensland showing the known localities of Gehyra electrum sp. nov. and sites at which it has not been found despite targeted searches. Also shown are nearby towns (white squares) and major roads. Background colour shows elevation.

Figure 7 in Parallel evolution of toepads in rock-dwelling lineages of a terrestrial gecko (Gekkota: Gekkonidae: Heteronotia binoei)

Figure 7. Micro-ornamentation on the terminal (FD) scales. Terrestrial lineages are displayed on the left (A, C), whereas saxicoline lineages are on the right (B, D). Magnification of each tile is shown in the lower left corner, with a scale bar in the lower right corner. A, fully developed setae of the terrestrial EA6 lineage with an average length of 14 µm (Supporting Information, Table S2). B, fully developed setae of the saxicoline CC lineage (av. length 28 µm, Supporting Information, Table S2). C, detail of the branched setae tips with spatulae of the terrestrial EA6 lineage. White arrows indicate branching points of a single seta. D, detail of the branched setae tips with spatulae of saxicoline Paluma-W lineage. White arrows again indicate branching points of a single seta, illustrating that setae of the saxicoline lineages branch more often. Note the different magnifications between C and D, and to a lesser extend between A and B.

Figure 5 in Parallel evolution of toepads in rock-dwelling lineages of a terrestrial gecko (Gekkota: Gekkonidae: Heteronotia binoei)

Figure 5. Ancestral state reconstruction of size-adjusted terminal scale width. Trait values (depicted by the colour scale) at the tips represent the mean size-adjusted scale widths for each lineage. Colour bars at each node represent 95% confidence intervals for the ancestral state reconstruction. Habitat use (ecology) is indicated by shape (EA6 is marked as both generalist and terrestrial, see Results). The reconstruction shows that the Paluma-W lineage and the clade containing CC, MI, and Paluma-E have independently evolved enlarged terminal subdigital scales. Note that the low relative scale width of MI (relative to the other saxicoline lineages), is mainly driven by their large SVL (see Fig. 4).

Figure 1 in Parallel evolution of toepads in rock-dwelling lineages of a terrestrial gecko (Gekkota: Gekkonidae: Heteronotia binoei)

Figure 1. Relationships and distributions of Heteronotia binoei lineages used in this study. A, maximum likelihood phylogeny of the relevant lineages inferred from ND2 sequences using RAxML, with bootstrap support values shown (see Supporting Information, Fig. S2 for the full H. binoei phylogeny). Circles denote terrestrial or generalist lineages, while triangles denote saxicoline lineages. Lineages without accompanying symbols are not displayed on the adjacent map (B), and the CQ lineage (*) was not included for morphological analysis. B, distributions of the focal lineages in north-eastern Queensland, with symbols and colours matching the adjacent phylogeny (A). C, an individual of the CC lineage on a granite boulder. D, subdigital view on the right hindfoot (pes) of the generalist EA6 lineage, and E, the saxicoline MI lineage.

Figure 2 in Parallel evolution of toepads in rock-dwelling lineages of a terrestrial gecko (Gekkota: Gekkonidae: Heteronotia binoei)

Figure 2. Examples of micro-ornamentation classifications used in this study. A, short, unbranched spinules with pointed tips on the mid-distal (MD) scales of EA6. B, flattened tips (indicated by black arrows) of the setae on the proximal-most MD scale (bordering the sub-inflection scale) of Paluma-W. C, spatulae (indicated by white arrows) on the tips of the setae on the terminal FD scale of Paluma-W. D, subdigital SEM image of an EA6 toe illustrating the different functional scale regions. The red line illustrates the measurement of terminal scale width.

Figure 8 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 8 Female paratypes of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov. in preservative in A dorsal view B ventral view; from left to right, top panel: ZMKU R 00826, ZMKU R 00832, THNHM 28696 and THNHM 28697; bottom panel: ZMKU R 00833, ZMKU R 00834 and ZMKU R 00835.

Figure 6 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 6 Coloration of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov. in dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views of A male paratype ZMKU R 00830 and B female paratype ZMKU R 00835. Note yellowish ventral coloration that is present in males but absent in females.

Figure 7 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 7 Male paratypes of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov. in preservative in A dorsal view B ventral view; from left to right, top panel: ZMKU R 00821, ZMKU R 00822, ZMKU R 00823, ZMKU R 00824 and ZMKU R 00825; bottom panel: ZMKU R 00827, ZMKU R 00829, ZMKU R 00830, ZMKU R 00831, THNHM 28694 and THNHM 28695.

Figure 5 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 5 Male holotype (ZMKU R 00828) of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov. from Wang Mai Pak Waterfall, Lan Saka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand, in preservative A lateral view of head B dorsal view of trunk C ventral view of chin D dorsal view E ventral view. Scale bar: 10 mm (D, E).

Figure 4 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 4 Male holotype (ZMKU R 00828) of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov. from Wang Mai Pak Waterfall, Lan Saka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand, in life A dorsal view B ventral view C lateral view of the head D dorsal view of trunk E precloacal region showing distribution of pore-bearing scales (red arrows) F dorsal view of tail G ventral view of tail. Scale bar: 10 mm (in dorsal and ventral views).

Figure 3 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 3 Male holotype (ZMKU R 00828) of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov. from Wang Mai Pak Waterfall, Lan Saka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand.

Figure 2 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 2 A The single best maximum likelihood tree of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene and flanking tRNAs from geckos of the genera Cnemaspis, Cyrtodactylus and Hemidactylus, shown in full view B map illustrating the localities of Cnemaspis siamensis group samples used in this study and C close-up view of the C. siamensis group. Support values at nodes are bootstrap values from a Maximum Likelihood analysis of the same dataset followed by posterior probabilities of the Bayesian Inference analysis.

Figure 1 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 1 Results of principal component analysis (PCA), and clustering by discriminant function of principal component analysis (DAPC) of 15 morphological variables for 47 individuals of five Cnemaspis species (C. lineatubercularis sp. nov., C. adangrawi, C. chanardi, C. omari, and C. siamensis) APCA scatter plot of PC1 and PC2 showing morphometric differentiation among five species in the siamensis group BDAPC ordination of all samples showing interspecific variation among five species in the siamensis group.

Figure 9 from: Ampai N, Wood Jr PL, Stuart BL, Aowphol A (2020) Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. ZooKeys 932: 129-159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.50602

Figure 9 Habitats of Cnemaspis lineatubercularis sp. nov A Wang Mai Pak Waterfall at type locality B microhabitat of holotype in granitic rocky stream (white arrow) C microhabitat of paratypes in granitic rocky outcrops (white arrows) at Wang Mai Pak Waterfall, Lan Saka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand.