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348 results for “seagrass”
Seagrass production around artificial reefs is resistant to human stressors
<p>Primary production underpins most ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration and fisheries. Artificial reefs (ARs) are widely used for fisheries management. Research has shown that a mechanism by which AR in seagrass beds can support fisheries and carbon sequestration is through increasing primary production via fertilization from aggregating fish excretion. Seagrass beds are heavily affected by anthropogenic nutrient input and fishing that reduces nutrient input by consumers. The effect of these stressors is difficult to predict because impacts of simultaneous stressors are typically non-additive. We used a long-term experiment to identify the mechanisms by which simultaneous impacts of sewage enrichment and fishing alter seagrass production around ARs across non-orthogonal gradients in human-dominated and relatively unimpacted regions in Haiti and The Bahamas. Merging trait-based measures of seagrass and seagrass ecosystem processes, we found that ARs consistently enhanced per capita seagrass production and maintained ecosystem-scale production despite drastic shifts in controls on production from human stressors. Importantly, we also show that coupled human stressors on seagrass production around ARs were additive, contrasting expectations. These findings are encouraging for conservation because they indicate that seagrass ecosystems are highly resistant to coupled human stressors and that ARs promote ecosystem services even in human-dominated ecosystems.</p>
Integration of environmental DNA metabarcoding technique to reinforce fish biodiversity assessments in seagrass ecosystems: A case study of Gazi Bay Seagrass meadows
<p><span>Assessing biodiversity in marine nearshore ecosystems is crucial for effective management, especially in the context of climate change and overexploitation of marine resources. Conventional methods often fall short in providing comprehensive information for managing seagrass ecosystems. However, the emergence of environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques has transformed the field by enabling non-invasive surveys that are cost-effective and provide detailed information with high resolution. In this study, we utilized eDNA to assess fish diversity and compared its effectiveness to conventional techniques such as catch assessment surveys and underwater surveys. </span>We sampled three habitats (A: mangrove-seagrass, B: seagrass only, and C: coral-seagrass) with 4 replicates. Site A recorded 8 fish species, site B had 16 species, and site C, characterized by coral and seagrass habitats, exhibited the highest fish diversity with 45 species (mean H' index = 2.455), underscoring its ecological importance. To ensure accurate taxonomic identification, we utilized an updated MiFish reference database containing a larger number of fish species compared to the initial library. This expanded reference database with 9,569 fish species, facilitated more precise identification and enhanced the reliability of our findings. Notably, the eDNA technique outperformed conventional methods by detecting 23 additional fish species that went undetected using traditional surveys. Moreover, our study documented five fish species previously unknown to occur within the study region, further emphasizing the value of eDNA analysis in uncovering hidden biodiversity. These findings strongly advocate for integrating eDNA techniques into the monitoring and assessment of biodiversity in shallow tropical habitats of the Western Indian Ocean. By leveraging eDNA surveys, we can gain valuable insights into fish diversity, discover hidden species, and make informed decisions for the conservation and management of these ecologically significant areas.</p>
Data from: Temperature drives seagrass recovery across the Western North Atlantic
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Seagrass production around artificial reefs is resistant to human stressors
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Seagrass ecosystems reduce exposure to bacterial pathogens of humans, fishes and invertebrates
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Seagrass ecosystems reduce disease risk and economic loss in marine farming production
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Sponge presence increases the diversity and abundance of fish and invertebrates in a subtropical seagrass bed
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Data from: Shifting seagrass-oyster interactions alter species response to ocean warming and acidification
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Pathways of blue carbon export from kelp and seagrass beds along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia
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Integration of environmental DNA metabarcoding technique to reinforce fish biodiversity assessments in seagrass ecosystems: A case study of Gazi Bay Seagrass meadows
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Seagrass growth rates and physical characteristics and measures of water temperature and salinity during a simulated green turtle grazing experiment in The Bahamas, 1999 – 2000.
This data set contains data from an experiment in which green turtle grazing was simulated in a Thalassia testudinum seagrass meadow in The Bahamas from July 1999 until December 2000. Measurements of water temperature and salinity were collected weekly. Seagrass meadow physical characteristics--blade length, blade width, number of blades per shoot, shoot density, and leaf area index--along with growth rates (both linear growth and production) were measured at various temporal intervals. Measurements were made in each of three treatments: 1) an unclipped reference treatment (representing ungrazed seagrass) in which measurements began in July 1999, 2) an experimentally clipped treatment (representing grazing) in which measurements began in July 1999, and 3) an experimentally clipped treatment (representing grazing) in which measurements began in February 2000. Data were used to investigate relationships between water temperature and salinity on seagrass growth and physical characteristics and how these relationships are affected by green turtle grazing.
Seagrass ecosystem metabolic carbon capture in response to green turtle grazing across Caribbean meadows, 2016 - 2018
This dataset contains ecosystem metabolism and seagrass meadow data from five locations in the Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico regions at which green turtle populations had established foraging areas. Ecosystem metabolic rates were compared between grazed and adjacent ungrazed areas of seagrass (Thalassia testudinum) to investigate the effects of green turtle grazing on metabolic carbon capture rates in seagrass meadows across a wide geographic area. Seagrass data are provided for site descriptions and drivers of variation in metabolic rates. Ecosystem metabolic rates are also included for meadows of the invasive seagrass Halophila stipulacea from two locations for comparison to rates in the native seagrass meadows where this invasive seagrass is encroaching upon green turtle foraging areas. Data were collected from one location (Little Cayman) in 2016, and from the remaining four locations (Bonaire; St. Croix; Eleuthera, Bahamas; west coast of Florida) in 2018.
Productivity of Seagrass in Hog Island Bay and South Bay, VA 2007-2017
This data set contains measurements of Z. marina productivity measured using the leaf marking technique in restored meadows in Hog Island Bay and South Bay, VA. Measurements were made annually in June-July, starting in 2007. GPS locations of sampling plots are available in the companion data set VCR11180.
Sediment characteristics in experimental seagrass meadows in Virginia, 2012
Using a large-scale restoration (>1700 ha) in the Virginia coastal bays as a model system, we evaluated the role of seagrass, Zostera  marina, restoration in carbon storage in sediments of shallow coastal ecosystems. Sediments of replicate seagrass meadows representing different age treatments (as time since seeding: 0, 4, and 10 years), were analyzed for % carbon, % nitrogen, bulk density, and organic matter content at 1-cm increments to a depth of 10 cm.
Sediment characteristics in experimental seagrass meadows in Virginia, 2011
Using a large-scale restoration (>1700 ha) in the Virginia coastal bays as a model system, we evaluated the role of seagrass, Zostera  marina, restoration in carbon storage in sediments of shallow coastal ecosystems. Sediments of replicate seagrass meadows representing different age treatments (as time since seeding: 0, 4, and 10 years), were analyzed for % carbon, % nitrogen, bulk density, organic matter content, and ^210Pb for dating at 1-cm increments to a depth of 10 cm.
Sediment grain size in seagrass restoration plots in the Virginia coastal bays, 2010-2016
This dataset contains particle size distributions for sediment samples collected from Z. marina restoration plots in Hog Island Bay and South Bay, VA. Samples were collected every three years starting in 2010 from 64 sites in Hog Island Bay (58 restored seagrass sites, 6 bare sites), and 12 sites in South Bay (6 restored seagrass sites, 6 bare sites). Bare sites in South Bay were no longer sampled after 2013, due to colonization of the sites by seagrass. Restored sites were seeded between 2001-2008; plot-level particle size distributions were combined based on the age of the plots during each sampling year.
South Bay, VA, seagrass sediment and autotroph source stable isotope compositions, 2014
Abstract text from Oreska et al. (2017): Non-seagrass sources account for 50% of the sediment organic carbon (SOC) in many seagrass beds, a fraction that may derive from external organic matter (OM) advected into the meadow and trapped by the seagrass canopy or produced in situ. If allochthonous carbon fluxes are responsible for the non-seagrass SOC in a given seagrass bed, this fraction should decrease with distance from the meadow perimeter. Identifying the spatial origin of SOC is important for closing seagrass carbon budgets and "blue carbon" offset-credit accounting, but studies have yet to quantify and map seagrass SOC stocks by carbon source. We measured sediment d13C, d15N, and d34S throughout a large (6 km2), restored Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadow and applied Bayesian mixing models to quantify total SOC contributions from possible autotroph sources, Z. marina, Spartina alterniflora, and benthic microalgae (BMA). Z. marina accounted for <40% of total meadow SOC, but we did not find evidence for outwelling from the fringing S. alterniflora salt-marsh or OM advection from bare subtidal areas. S. alterniflora SOC contributions averaged 10% at sites both inside and outside of the meadow. The BMA fraction accounted for 51% of total meadow SOC and was highest at sites furthest from the bare subtidal-meadow edge, indicative of in situ production.
Data from: Blue Carbon stocks of Great Barrier Reef deep-water seagrasses
<p>Shallow-water seagrasses capture and store globally-significant quantities of organic carbon (OC), often referred to as 'Blue Carbon'; however, data is lacking on the importance of deep-water (>15 m) seagrasses as Blue Carbon sinks. We compared OC stocks from deep-, mid- and shallow-water seagrasses at Lizard Island within the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon. We found deep-water seagrasses (Halophila species) contained similar levels of OC as shallow-water species (e.g Halodule uninervis) (0.64 ± 0.08% and 0.9 ± 0.1 mg C cm3, 0.87 ± 0.19% and 1.3 ± 0.3 mg C cm3, respectively), despite being much sparser and smaller in stature. Deep-water seagrasses sediments contained significantly higher levels (~9-fold) of OC than surrounding bare areas. Inorganic carbon (CaCO3) levels were relatively high in deep-water seagrass sediments (8.2 ± 0.4%), and if precipitated from epiphytes within the meadow, could offset the potential CO2-sink capacity of these meadows. The δ13C signatures of sediment samples varied among depths and habitats (-10.9 and -17.0), reflecting contributions from autochthonous and allochthonous sources. If the OC stocks reported in this study are similar to deep-water Halophila meadows elsewhere within the GBR lagoon (total area 31,000 km2), then OC bound within this system is roughly estimated at 27.4 million tonnes.</p> <p>The dataset published in Dryad Digital Repository (<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kj239"><span>doi:10.5061/dryad.kj239</span></a>), has been updated with the corrected data values for <span>mg <i>C</i><sub>org</sub> cm<sup>−3</sup></span>.</p>
Predation shapes invertebrate diversity in tropical but not temperate seagrass communities
<p>1. The hypothesis that biotic interactions are stronger at lower relative to higher latitudes has a rich history, drawing from ecological and evolutionary theory. While this hypothesis suggests that stronger interactions at lower latitudes may contribute to the maintenance of contemporary patterns of diversity, there remain few standardized biogeographic comparisons of community effects of species interactions. 2. Using marine seagrasses as a focal ecosystem of conservation importance and sessile marine invertebrates as model prey, we tested the hypothesis that predation is stronger at lower latitudes and can shape contemporary patterns of prey diversity. To further advance understanding beyond prior studies, we also explored mechanisms that likely underlie a change in interaction outcomes with latitude. 3. Multiple observational and experimental approaches were employed to test for effects of predators, and the mechanisms that may underlie these effects, in seagrass ecosystems of the western Atlantic Ocean spanning 30 degrees of latitude from the temperate zone to the tropics. 4. In predator exclusion experiments conducted in a temperate and a tropical region, predation decreased sessile invertebrate abundance, richness, and diversity on both natural and standardized artificial seagrass at tropical but not temperate sites. Further, predation reduced invertebrate richness at both local and regional scales in the tropics. Additional experiments demonstrated that predation reduced invertebrate recruitment in the tropics but not the temperate zone. Finally, direct observations of predators showed higher but variable consumption rates on invertebrates at subtropical and tropical relative to temperate latitudes. 5. Together, these results demonstrate that strong predation in the tropics can have consequential impacts on prey communities through discrete effects on early life stages as well as longer-term cumulative effects on community structure and diversity. Our detailed experiments also provide some of the first data linking large-scale biogeographic patterns, community-scale interaction outcomes, and direct observation of predators in the temperate zone and tropics. Therefore, our results support the hypothesis that predation is stronger in the tropics, but also elucidate some of the causes and consequences of this variation in shaping contemporary patterns of diversity. 16-Sep-2019</p>
Data from: Little giants: a rapidly invading seagrass alters ecosystem functioning relative to native foundation species
<p>The spread of invasive species is a major component of global ecological change and how and when to manage particular species is a diicult empirical question. Ideally, these decisions should be based on the speciic impacts of invading species including both their efects on native competitors and how they may or may not play similar roles in broader ecosystem functioning. <em>Halophila</em> <em>stipulacea</em> is an invasive seagrass currently spreading through the Caribbean, and as seagrasses are foundation species, the efects of invasion have the potential to be particularly far-reaching. To evaluate the impacts of <em>H. stipulacea</em> we quantiied spread and potential for displacement of native seagrasses as well as the efects of invasion on multiple ecosystem processes, particularly resource support for higher trophic levels and habitat creation. Long-term monitoring suggested that <em>H. stipulacea</em> likely displaces some native seagrasses (<em>Syringodium filiforme</em> and <em>Halodule wrightii</em>), but not others. <em>Halophila stipulacea</em> had lower N and protein levels and higher C:N ratios than native seagrasses, and as such is a poorer quality resource for consumers. We also observed signiicantly lower consumption of <em>H. stipulacea</em> than the native <em>S. filiforme</em> but limited diferences compared to <em>Thalassia testudinum</em>. We found H. stipulacea created a more nutrient limited environment than <em>T. testudinum</em> and there were signiicantly distinct invertebrate assemblages in native- and invasive- dominated seagrass beds, but no diference in species richness or invertebrate biomass. These results suggest that the spread of <em>H. stipulacea</em> would impact a variety of ecological processes, potentially restructuring seagrass ecosystems through both direct impacts on environmental conditions (e.g., nutrient availability) and indirect food web interactions.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.