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FIGURES 81–86 in Unraveling the white-clothed Diestostemma Amyot & Serville: a taxonomic revision of the American sharpshooters of the D. bituberculatum complex (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

FIGURES 81–86. Aedeagi of species of the Diestostemma bituberculatum complex in lateral view (81, 84), basiventral processes in posteroanterior (82, 85) and posteroventral (83, 86) views. 81–83. Holotype of D. gervasioi sp. nov. (Ecuador, Orellana Province, EPNC/USNM); 84–86. Holotype of D. olivia sp. nov. (Ecuador, Orellana Province, EPNC/USNM). Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: AB = aedeagal basiventral process bifurcation; AP = aedeagal basiventral process; AR = aedeagal basiventral process ramus; AS = aedeagal shaft; ED = ejaculatory duct.

FIGURES 25–30 in Unraveling the white-clothed Diestostemma Amyot & Serville: a taxonomic revision of the American sharpshooters of the D. bituberculatum complex (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

FIGURES 25–30. Female habitus of species of the Diestostemma bituberculatum complex in dorsal (25, 27, 29) and lateral (26, 28, 30) views. 25–26. Paratype of D. albinoi sp. nov. (Ecuador, Orellana Province, USNM); 27–28. D. bituberculatum (Signoret, 1855) (French Guiana, Cayenne Arrondissement, DZRJ); 29–30. Paratype of D. cavichiolii sp. nov. (Brazil, Mato Grosso State, DZUP). Scale bars = 5 mm.

FIGURES 1–8 in On the wasp-mimicking sharpshooter genus Propetes Walker, 1851 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae): description of a new species, proposal of a new synonymy, and distributional notes

FIGURES 1–8. Dorsal and lateral habitus of Propetes species. 1–2, P. sakakibara sp. nov., male holotype. 3–4, P. sakakibara sp. nov., male paratype from Acre (Brazil). 5–6, P. triquetra, male from Bolívar (Venezuela). 7–8, P. triquetra, female from Pará (Santo Antonio do Tauá, Brazil). Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURES 1–12 in Unraveling the white-clothed Diestostemma Amyot & Serville: a taxonomic revision of the American sharpshooters of the D. bituberculatum complex (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

FIGURES 1–12. Head and prothorax of species of the Diestostemma bituberculatum complex in anterior view. 1–2. Male holotype and female paratype of D. albinoi sp. nov. (Ecuador, Orellana Province, EPNC, USNM); 3–4. Male and female of D. bituberculatum (Signoret, 1855) (French Guiana, Cayenne Arrondissement, INHS, DZRJ); 5–6. Male holotype and female paratype of D. cavichiolii sp. nov. (Brazil, Mato Grosso State, DZUP); 7–8. Male holotype and female paratype of D. gervasioi sp. nov. (Ecuador, Orellana Province, EPNC, USNM); 9–10. Male holotype and female paratype of D. olivia sp. nov. (Ecuador, Orellana Province, EPNC, USNM); 11–12. Male and female of D. reticulatum (Melichar, 1924) (Peru, Cusco Department, DZRJ). Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 2 in On the sharpshooter genus Yunga Melichar, 1924 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae): descriptions of a new species from Panama and of the internal female terminalia of Y. cartwrighti Young, 1968 and Y. coriacea Stål, 1864

FIGURE 2. Dorsal and lateral habitus of Yunga species. A–B) Y. andresi sp. nov., male holotype (UNL). C–D) Y. andresi sp. nov., specimen from Chiriqui Province (Panama). E–F) Y. cartwrighti, female from Panama Province (Panama). G–H) Y. coriacea, female from Veracruz State (Mexico). Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 1 in On the sharpshooter genus Yunga Melichar, 1924 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae): descriptions of a new species from Panama and of the internal female terminalia of Y. cartwrighti Young, 1968 and Y. coriacea Stål, 1864

FIGURE 1. Maps of distribution of Yunga species. A) Known distribution of species of Yunga based on museum specimens and bibliographic records (Y. fuistingi not included). B) Type locality of Y. andresi sp. nov.

FIGURE 4 in On the sharpshooter genus Yunga Melichar, 1924 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae): descriptions of a new species from Panama and of the internal female terminalia of Y. cartwrighti Young, 1968 and Y. coriacea Stål, 1864

FIGURE 4. Female genitalia of Yunga cartwrighti. A) Abdominal sternite VII, ventral view. B) Pygofer and anal tube, lateral view. C) First valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. D) Detail of first valvula apex, lateral view. E) Second valvifer and valvula, lateral view. F) Detail of second valvula, lateral view. G) Third valvula, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3 in On the sharpshooter genus Yunga Melichar, 1924 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae): descriptions of a new species from Panama and of the internal female terminalia of Y. cartwrighti Young, 1968 and Y. coriacea Stål, 1864

FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Yunga andresi sp. nov., holotype (UNL). A) Pygofer, valve, and subgenital plates, lateral view. B) Pygofer, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. C) Connective and styles, dorsal view. D) Aedeagus and paraphyses, ventral view. E) Aedeagus, paraphysis, and anal tube, lateral view. F) Dorsal connective and anal tube, posterior view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Figure 2 in Cavichiana bromelicola: description of the immature stages of a sharpshooter using scanning electron microscopy, with biological notes (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Figure 2. Immature stages of Cavichiana bromelicola, habitus, dorsal view. (a), first stadium. (b), second stadium. (c), third stadium. (d), fourth stadium. (e), fifth stadium.

Figure 3 in Cavichiana bromelicola: description of the immature stages of a sharpshooter using scanning electron microscopy, with biological notes (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Figure 3. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the head of a fourth stadium nymph (except Figure a) of Cavichiana bromelicola. (a), crown and pronotum of fifth stadium nymph, showing ocellar maculae, frontogenal sutures and median ecdysial line. (b), head, frontal view. (c), brochosomes, sensilla campaniformia and s. trichodea on frons. (d), gena with sensilla campaniformia, s. placodea and s. trichodea. (e), sensillum placodeum on gena, close to compound eye. (f), scape, pedicel and base of flagellum of antenna. (g), scape and pedicel, showing scale-like sculpturing. (h), scale-like sculpturing of pedicel at higher magnification. (i), part of face showing location of Evans organ. (j), Evans organ at higher magnification. (k), mouth parts. (l), apex of labium, showing sensilla basiconica and s. trichodea. br, brochosomes; ce, compound eye; cl, clypeus; cmi, cibarial muscular impression; cs, location of coronal suture; el, ecdysial line; eo, Evans organ; es, epistomal suture; fl, flagellum; fr, frons; fs, frontogenal suture; ge, gena; la, labium; lb, labrum; lo, lorum; mp, maxillary plate; ms, mandibular stylet; om, ocellar macula; pe, pedicel; pf, postfrons; pr, pronotum; sb, sensilla basiconica; sca, sensilla campaniformia; scp, scape; sls, scale-like sculpturing; sp, sensilla placodea; ss, subgenal suture; st, sensilla trichodea; ve, vertex; xs, maxillary stylet.

Figure 1 in Cavichiana bromelicola: description of the immature stages of a sharpshooter using scanning electron microscopy, with biological notes (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Figure 1. (a), preoviposition egg of Cavichiana bromelicola showing ventral keel originating from anterior end (where the head of the embryo develops). (b), posterior end of egg (indicated by an asterisk in a) showing the chorion and an outer layer that is possibly derived from the ovary. (c), posterior end at higher magnification. (d), outer layer, which is very thin and thus easily damaged. ch, chorion; kl, ventral keel; ol, outer layer.

Figure 5 in Cavichiana bromelicola: description of the immature stages of a sharpshooter using scanning electron microscopy, with biological notes (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Figure 5. Apical portion of abdomen of Cavichiana bromelicola, fourth stadium nymphs showing sexual dimorphism. (a), male. (b), female. go1, gonapophyses I; go2, gonapophyses II; py, pygofer. Notice fusion of gonapophyses I in male and separation in female.

Figure 4 in Cavichiana bromelicola: description of the immature stages of a sharpshooter using scanning electron microscopy, with biological notes (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Figure 4. Ommatidia of nymphs of Cavichiana bromelicola. (a), first stadium. (b), second stadium. (c), third stadium. (d), fourth stadium. (e), fifth stadium. (f), sensillum coeloconicum, fourth stadium. oma, ommatidia; sco, sensilla coeloconica; st, sensilla trichodea.

FIGURES 28–35 in The Neotropical sharpshooter genus Ruppeliana Young (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): four new species, key to males, and new synonyms

FIGURES 28–35. Ruppeliana signiceps (Stål, 1862). 28–33, body, dorsal view: 28, female holotype (total length 9.5 mm) of Tettigonia signiceps from Rio de Janeiro State (NHRS); 29, male holotype (t. l. 8.7 mm) of T. coronulifera Stål, 1862 syn. nov. from Rio de Janeiro State (NHRS); 30, male holotype (t. l. 8.7 mm) of T. taschenbergi Berg, 1899 syn. nov. from Brazil (MLUH); 31, female (t. l. 9.2 mm) from Minas Gerais State previously identified by D. A. Young as R. coronulifera (MHNP); 32, male (t. l. 8.4 mm) from Rio de Janeiro State previously identified by G. Mejdalani as R. coronulifera (MNRJ); 33, male (t. l. 8.5 mm) from Minas Gerais State (MNRJ). 34, sternite VII of the holotype of T. signiceps, lateral view. 35, aedeagus of the holotype of T. coronulifera, lateral view (modified from Young 1977, fig. 611f). Figs. 29–31 modified from Wilson et al. (2009); antennae and legs not depicted.

FIGURES 15–21 in The Neotropical sharpshooter genus Ruppeliana Young (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): four new species, key to males, and new synonyms

FIGURES 15–21. Ruppeliana longiphallus sp. nov. 15, male holotype (total length 9.7 mm), dorsal view (antennae and legs not depicted), MNRJ. Male genitalia: 16, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view; 17, valve and subgenital plate, ventral view; 18, connective and style, dorsal view; 19, aedeagus, lateral view; 20, aedeagus, ventral view. 21, female sternite VII, ventral view.

FIGURES 22–27 in The Neotropical sharpshooter genus Ruppeliana Young (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): four new species, key to males, and new synonyms

FIGURES 22–27. Ruppeliana serrana sp. nov. 22, male holotype (total length 10.0 mm), dorsal view (antennae and legs not depicted), MNRJ. Male genitalia: 23, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view; 24, valve and subgenital plate, ventral view; 25, connective and style, dorsal view; 26, aedeagus, lateral view; 27, aedeagus, ventral view.

FIGURES 8–14 in The Neotropical sharpshooter genus Ruppeliana Young (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): four new species, key to males, and new synonyms

FIGURES 8–14. Ruppeliana grossii sp. nov. 8, male holotype (total length 8.8 mm), dorsal view (antennae and legs not depicted), MNRJ. Male genitalia: 9, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view; 10, valve and subgenital plate, ventral view; 11, connective and style, dorsal view; 12, aedeagus, lateral view; 13, aedeagus, ventral view. 14, female sternite VII, ventral view.

FIGURES 1–7 in The Neotropical sharpshooter genus Ruppeliana Young (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): four new species, key to males, and new synonyms

FIGURES 1–7. Ruppeliana barbarensis sp. nov. 1, female paratype (total length 10.3 mm), dorsal view (antennae and legs not depicted), DZUP. Male genitalia: 2, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view; 3, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view; 4, connective and style, dorsal view; 5, aedeagus, lateral view; 6, aedeagus, ventral view. 7, female sternite VII, ventral view.

FIGURES 16–28 in The sharpshooter geNUs Apogonalia EvaNs (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: CicadelliNi): descriptioN of females aNd key to species

FIGURES 16–28. (16–19) Apogonalia dampfi Young, 1977, female: 16, face; 17, sternite VIII, dorsal view; 18, valvulae I, basal portion, ventral view; 19, valvula II, apical portion, lateral view. (20–22) A. fractinota (Fowler, 1899), female: 20, sternite VII, ventral view; 21, sternite VIII, dorsal view; 22, valvula II, teeth on median portion, lateral view. (23–28) A. fraterna Young, 1977, female: 23, dorsal habitus; 24, left forewing, lateral view; 25, sternite VII, ventral view; 26, sternite VIII, dorsal view; 27, valvulae I, basal portion, ventral view; 28, valvula II, apical portion, lateral view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURES 62–74 in The sharpshooter geNUs Apogonalia EvaNs (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: CicadelliNi): descriptioN of females aNd key to species

FIGURES 62–74. (62–66) Apogonalia mediolineata (Fowler, 1899), female: 62, dorsal habitus; 63, face; 64, sternite VIII, dorsal view; 65, pygofer, lateral view; 66, valvula II, teeth on median portion, lateral view. (67) A. monticola (Fowler, 1899), female: 67, dorsal habitus. (68) A. noda Freytag, 2004, female: 68, dorsal habitus. (69–74) A. omani Young, 1977, female: 69, dorsal habitus; 70, left forewing, lateral view; 71, sternite VII, ventral view; 72, pygofer, lateral view; 73, valvulae I, basal portion, ventral view; 74, valvula II, apical portion, lateral view. Scale bars in mm.