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Figure 3 in A Partial Skeleton of the Tyrannosaurid Dinosaur Aublysodon from the Upper Cretaceous of New Mexico

Figure 3—Comparison of tyrannosaurid frontal bones in dorsal view. 1, Aublysodon mirandus (LACM 28471). 2, cf. Aublysodon sp. (TMP 80.16.485). 3, Aublysodon cf. A. mirandus (OMNH 10131). 4, Nanotyrannus lancensis (CMNH 5741). 5, Albertosaurus libratus (AMNH 5664). 6, Albertosaurus libratus (USNM 12814). 7, Daspletosaurus torosus (NMC 8506). Sutures for adjacent bones are shown: f, frontal; fn, notch in frontal (also indicated by arrow); 1, lacrimal; n, nasal; p, parietal; pf, prefrontal; po, postorbital; stf, border of supratemporal fenestra. Scale bar 10 cm. 1 and 5 are adapted from Molnar (1978), 2 from Currie (1987), 4 from Bakker et al. (1988), 6 and 7 from Russell (1970).

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→ Fig. 2. Representative skeletal elements of ornithosuchid archosaur Dynamosuchus collisensis gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0248) from Janner outcrop, Carnian, Late Triassic. A. Selected skull bones in left lateral view. B. Reconstruction of the skull. C. Skull in ventral view. D. Left quadrate and quadratojugal in posterodorsal view. E. Parabasisphenoid in left lateral view. F. Neural arch of an anterior cervical vertebra in anterior view. G. Centrum of a cervical vertebra in left lateral view. H. Right osteoderm in dorsal view. I. Neural arch of an anterior dorsal vertebra in left lateral view. J. Left ilium in lateral view. L. Right humerus in anterior view. M. Right forearm in medial view. N. Left manus in dorsal view. O. Right (reversed) pubis in lateral view. P. Left femur in anterior view. Q. Left fibula in lateral view. Some unpreserved portions are modified from Baczko et al. in press, for the reconstruction of the skeleton of CAPPA/UFSM 0248 (preserved elements indicated in orange) (K). Scale bars 20 mm. in The first ornithosuchid from Brazil and its macroevolutionary and phylogenetic implications for Late Triassic faunas in Gondwana

→ Fig. 2. Representative skeletal elements of ornithosuchid archosaur Dynamosuchus collisensis gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0248) from Janner outcrop, Carnian, Late Triassic. A. Selected skull bones in left lateral view. B. Reconstruction of the skull. C. Skull in ventral view. D. Left quadrate and quadratojugal in posterodorsal view. E. Parabasisphenoid in left lateral view. F. Neural arch of an anterior cervical vertebra in anterior view. G. Centrum of a cervical vertebra in left lateral view. H. Right osteoderm in dorsal view. I. Neural arch of an anterior dorsal vertebra in left lateral view. J. Left ilium in lateral view. L. Right humerus in anterior view. M. Right forearm in medial view. N. Left manus in dorsal view. O. Right (reversed) pubis in lateral view. P. Left femur in anterior view. Q. Left fibula in lateral view. Some unpreserved portions are modified from Baczko et al. in press, for the reconstruction of the skeleton of CAPPA/UFSM 0248 (preserved elements indicated in orange) (K). Scale bars 20 mm.

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Fig. 9 Femura and tibiae from the Baradero skeleton. A in On Roth's "human fossil" from Baradero, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina: morphological and genetic analysis

Fig. 9 Femura and tibiae from the Baradero skeleton. A Picture provided by Martin, probably taken in 1901. From left to right: right femur, left tibia and fibula, right tibia and fibula, left femur. Original source:"Fig. 50"; Author Martin, 1907:382; URL: https://publicaciones.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/rmlp/ article/view/1246; License: CC BY 4.0.); B Surface scan showing the right tibia and fibula in their current state

Fig. 6. A in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 6. A. Strict consensus tree of 100 most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.238; RI = 0.538; L = 1089) recovered in the cladistic analysis of the dentition-based data matrix with an unconstrained search. B. Strict consensus tree of 100 most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.238; RI = 0.609; L = 669) recovered in the cladistic analysis of the tooth-crown-based data matrix.

Fig. 7 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 7. Results of the discriminant analysis performed at the "group"-level on the whole dataset along the first two canonical axes of maximum discrimination in the dataset with personal measurements of CH (A) and teeth larger than two centimeters (B). A. For 400 teeth belonging to 46 theropod taxa and 12 groupings (PC1 and PC2 account for 38.08% and 30.78% of the total variance, respectively). B. For 725 teeth belonging to 53 theropod taxa and 13 groupings (PC1 and PC2 account for 47.39% and 27.61% of the total variance, respectively). Abbreviations: AL, apical length; CBL, crown base; CBW, crown base width; CH, crown height; MCL, mid crown length; MCW, mid-crown width; MSL, mesial serrated carina length.

Fig. 4 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 4. Abelisaurid tooth of Morphotype III (IIPG-06) from "Dino 1" site (S 39°08'; W 67°40'), Paso Córdoba locality, 14 km southwest of the town of General Roca, Río Negro Province; Allen Formation (middle Campanian–early Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous); in labial (A1), lingual (A2), mesial (A3), distal (A4), apical (A5), and basal (A6) views; detail of the distal denticles at the apical three-fourths of the crown height (A7).

Fig. 3 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 3. Abelisaurid tooth of Morphotype II (IIPG-09) from "Dino 1" site S 39°08'; W 67°40'), Paso Córdoba locality, 14 km southwest of the town of General Roca, Río Negro Province; Allen Formation (middle Campanian–early Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous); in labial (A1), lingual A2), mesial (A3), distal (A4), apical (A5), and basal (A6) views; detail of the crown apex (A7).

Fig. 1 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 1. Location maps of the study area within the Neuquén Basin (A, B). Geological map indicating the different units recognized in Paso Córdoba (Argentina), star marks collecting of specimens (C). Field photos of the excavation of specimens (D, E).

Fig. 8 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 8. One of the paleoecological interpretations of the Paso Córdoba site. Theropods scavenging the carcass of a sauropod. Artwork by Jorge González, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina.

Fig. 5 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 5. Strict consensus tree of two most parsimonious trees (CI = 0.198; RI = 0.457; L = 1314) recovered in the cladistic analysis of the dentition-based data matrix with constrained search and setting the three morphotypes as floating terminals.

Fig. 2 in Isolated theropod teeth associated with a sauropod skeleton from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina

Fig. 2. Abelisaurid tooth of Morphotype I (IIPG-02) from "Dino 1" site (S 39°08'; W 67°40'), Paso Córdoba locality, 14 km southwest of the town of General Roca, Río Negro Province; Allen Formation (middle Campanian–early Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous); in labial (A1), lingual (A2), mesial (A3), distal (A4), apical (A5), and basal (A6) views; detail of marginal undulations (A7); mesial (A8) and distal (A9) denticles at the apical three-fourths of the crown height; detail of the mesial denticles at the apical three-fourths of the crown height (A10). Abbreviations: cs, concave surfaces; mca, mesial carina; dca, distal carina; sps, spalled surface; ids, interdenticular sulcus; idsp; interdenticular space.

Fig. 14 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 14. Skeletal reconstruction of MSF 15.8B., preserved elements highlighted in white, grey elements restored following adult Plateosaurus skeletons SMNS 13200 (von Huene 1926) and GPIT 1 (Mallison 2010a, b).

Fig. 11 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 11. Femur, tibia, fibula, and proximal tarsus of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Left femur, MSF 15.8.565, in medial (A1), anterior (A2), lateral (A3), posterior (A4), proximal (A5), and distal (A6) views. B. Right femur, MSF 15.8.380, in lateral (B1), anterior (B2), and proximal (B3) views (note different effects of compaction). C. Left tibia, MSF 15.8.381, in anterior (C1), lateral (C2), medial (C3), proximal (C4), and distal (C5) views. D. Left fibula, MSF 15.8.518, in lateral (D1) and medial (D2) views. E. Right calcaneum, MSF 15.8.469, in proximal view. F. Right astragalus, MSF 15.8.585, in proximal (F1) and anterior (F2) views. G. Left astragalus, MSF 15.8.420, in proximal (G1) and anterior (G2) views.

Fig. 10 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 10. Pelvic girdle of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Left ilium, MSF 15.8.717, in lateral (A1) and medial (A2) views. B. Right ilium, MSF 15.8.486, in lateral (B1) and medial (B2) views (note differences due to effects of compaction). C. Right pubis, MSF 15.8.383, in lateral (C1) and anterior (C2) views. D. Articulated ischia, MSF 15.8.421, in posterior (D1) and right lateral (D2) views.

Fig. 9 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 9. Manus of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Left mc I (MSF 15.8.2032). B. Left mc II (MSF 15.8.480). C. Left mc IIII (MSF 15.8.668). D. Left mc IV (MSF 15.8.2033). E. Left mc V (MSF 15.8.597). In palmar (medial) (A1–E1) and dorsal (lateral) (A2–E2) views. F. Left p V-1 (MSF 15.8.671). G. Left p IV-1 (MSF 15.8.2014) and p IV-2 (MSF 15.8.2015). H. Left p III-1 (MSF 15.8.1077). I. Left p III-2 (MSF 15.8.677). J. Left p III-3 (MSF 15.8.481). In dorsal (lateral) view (F–J). K. Left u III (MSF 15.8.2018), in dorsal (lateral) (K1) and anterior (preaxial) (K2) views. L. Left p II-1 (MSF 15.8.489). M. Left p II-2 (MSF 15.8.477) in dorsal (lateral) view (L, M). N. Left u II (MSF 15.8.2017), in dorsal (lateral) (N1) and anterior (preaxial) (N2) views. O. Left p I-1 (MSF 15.8.467), in dorsal (lateral) view. P. Left u I (MSF 15.8.2016), in dorsal (lateral) (P1) and anterior (preaxial) (P2) views. Q. Right distal carpal I (MSF 15.8.2013). R. Right distal carpal II (MSF 15.8.406). In proximal view (Q, R).

Fig. 7 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 7. Pectoral girdle of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Left scapula, MSF 15.8.55. B. Right scapula, MSF 15.8.870. C. Left coracoid, MSF 15.8.552. D. Right coracoid, MSF 15.8.1035. All in lateral (external) views.

Fig. 4 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 4. Middle and posterior dorsal vertebrae of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Dorsal vertebra 6, MSF 15.8.654 (neural arch) and MSF 15.8.906 (centrum), in left lateral (A1), dorsal (A2), ventral (A3), anterior (A4), and posterior (A5) views. B. Dorsal vertebra 7, MSF 15.8.1076 (neural arch) and MSF 15.8.437 (centrum), in left lateral (B1), dorsal (B2), ventral (B3), anterior (B4), and posterior (B5) views. C. Dorsal vertebra 8, MSF 15.8.885, in left lateral (C1), dorsal (C2), ventral (C3), anterior (C4), and posterior (C5) views. D. Dorsal vertebrae 9 or 10, MSF 15.8.728 (neural arch) and MSF 15.8.679 (centrum), in left lateral (D1), dorsal (D2), ventral (D3), anterior (D4), and posterior (D5) views. E. Dorsal vertebra 12, MSF 15.8.468 (neural arch) and MSF 15.8.2007 (centrum), in left lateral (E1), dorsal (E2), ventral (E3), anterior (E4), and posterior (E5) views. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 8 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 8. Humerus and antebrachium of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Right humerus, MSF 15.8.825, in lateral (A1), anterior (A2), medial (A3), and posterior (A4) views. B. Left humerus, MSF 15.8.520, in lateral (B1) and anterior (B2) views (note effects of compaction). C. Left radius, MSF 15.8.526 and ulna, MSF 15.8.525, in lateral view (C1) and left ulna, in anterior view with radius not shown (C2). D. Right radius, MSF 15.8.680, in lateral view.

Fig. 3 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 3. Anterior dorsal vertebrae of juvenile Plateosaurus cf. trossingensis Fraas, 1913 skeleton MSF 15.8B. from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland. A. Centrum of?dorsal vertebra 1, MSF 15.8.2003, in left lateral view. B. Dorsal vertebra 2, MSF 15.8.908 (neural arch) and MSF 15.8.978 (centrum), in left lateral (B1), dorsal (B2), ventral (B3), anterior (B4), and posterior (B5) views. C. Dorsal vertebra 3, MSF 15.8.2004 (neural arch) and MSF 15.8.2005 (centrum), in left lateral (C1), dorsal (C2), ventral (C3), anterior (C4), and posterior (C5) views. D. Dorsal vertebra 4, MSF 15.8.477, in left lateral (D1), dorsal (D2), ventral (D3), anterior (D4), and posterior (D5) views. E. Dorsal vertebra 5, MSF 15.8.2006, in left lateral (E1), dorsal (E2), ventral (E3), anterior (E4), and posterior (E5) views. Centra are only depicted in lateral view. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 13 in Postcranial osteology of the first early-stage juvenile skeleton of Plateosaurus trossingensis from the Norian of Frick, Switzerland

Fig. 13. Comparative plot of zygapophyseal lengths of Plateosaurus neural arches. Note size difference between large juvenile (MSF 15.8B.) and adult neural arches described by Hofmann and Sander (2014).