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FIGURE 3 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 3. Right upper molar row of Borhyaena tuberata (MACN-A 6203), showing the change in absolute and relative sizes of the paracone and metacone from M1-3 and the relatively little inter-locus variation in stylar shelf morphology. Scale equals 5 mm.
FIGURE 2. Right M2 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 2. Right M2 of Acyon myctoderos (UATF-V-000926), a specimen close to the mean shape of the entire dataset, showing the morphological features of interest (A) and geometric morphometric landmarks and semilandmarks (B) used in this study. Anatomical abbreviations: alc, anterolabial cingulum (often extensive and continuous with preparaconular crista); cc, centrocrista; ef, ectoflexus; mco, metaconule; met, metacone; msl, metastylar lobe of stylar shelf; par, paracone; pco, paraconule; pmc, postmetacrista; ppc, preparacrista; pro, protocone; psl, parastylar lobe of stylar shelf; ss, stylar shelf; StA, stylar cusp A; StB, stylar cusp B. In B, squares represent fixed landmarks and circles represent semilandmarks.
FIGURE 16 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 16. (A) TPS deformation grid showing allometric shape variation extrapolated beyond the lower bounds of the present dataset by a factor of 3 compared to (B) a photograph of the M3 of Pediomys elegans (modified from Davis, 2007: fig. 3c). Scale equals 1 mm.
FIGURE 14 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 14. Visualization of shape changes in two Miocene borhyaenids that show little change between tooth loci. (A) M1 (gray) and M3 (black) of Borhyaena tuberata (MACN-A 6404) and (B) M2 (gray) and M3 (black) of Arctodictis sinclairi (AMNH 27909).
FIGURE 13. Superimposed landmark diagrams visualizing shape changes between M1 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 13. Superimposed landmark diagrams visualizing shape changes between M1 (large gray circles) and M3 (small black circles) of selected non-borhyaenid sparassodonts: (A) Allqokirus australis (MNHC 8267), (B) Patene coluapiensis (AMNH 28448), (C) Procladosictis anomala (MACN-A 10327), (D) Hondadelphys fieldsi (UCMP 37960), (E) Sipalocyon gracilis (AMNH 9254), (F) Lycopsis longirostrus (UCMP 38061), (G) Prothylacynus patagonicus (MACN-A 707), (H) Thylacosmilus atrox (MMP 1443).
FIGURE 8 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 8. Plot of teeth by locus on the first two principal components for the all-taxon, trigon + talon dataset, colorcoded as pertaining to either Borhyaenoidea, Hathliacynidae, or basal Sparassodonta.
FIGURE 10 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 10. Plot of the first two canonical variates (CVs) of the all taxon, trigon + talon discriminant analysis, with tooth locus coded by symbol and incorrectly-classified specimens uncolored. Convex hulls represent morphospace occupied by each tooth locus.
FIGURE 9 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 9. Plot of teeth by locus on the first two principal components for the all-taxon, trigon + talon dataset, colorcoded by relative grinding area (RGA) for that particular taxon. Gray symbols represent taxa for which RGA could not be measured.
FIGURE 17 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 17. Comparison of the TPS deformation grids for the M3 of Procladosictis anomala (A) and the mean M3 shape for the entire sample exaggerated by a factor of 3 (B), both contrasted against the mean tooth shape for the entire sample.
FIGURE 5 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 5. Plot of the first two principal components (PCs) of variation of the Procrustes-transformed landmark dataset for the all-taxon, trigon-only analysis along with deformation grids representing the extreme changes in shape on each axis relative to the mean shape of the entire sample. Upper molar loci are plotted by color, with unknown specimens (M?) in black.
FIGURE 1 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 1. Right upper molar rows (M1-3) of three representative sparassodonts in occlusal view: (A) Patene coluapiensis (AMNH 28448); (B) Sipalocyon gracilis (AMNH 9254, left reversed), and (C) Cladosictis patagonica (MACN-A 5950), showing how the teeth at a certain position in the tooth row (tooth locus) in one taxon can resemble a different tooth position in another taxon (e.g., the M3 of C. patagonica resembles both the M2 of Sipalocyon gracilis and the M1 of Patene coluapiensis). Anterior is to the right in all images. Scales equal 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Identifying tooth position of isolated teeth of sparassodonts (Mammalia: Metatheria) using geometric morphometrics
FIGURE 4. Plot of the first two principal components (PCs) of variation of the Procrustes-transformed landmark dataset for the all-taxon, trigon + talon dataset along with deformation grids representing the extreme changes in shape on each axis relative to the mean shape of the entire sample. Upper molar loci are plotted by color, with unknown specimens (M?) in black. Circled region in the upper right corner of the graph represents specimens of the Tiupampa taxa Allqokirus and Mayulestes.
Figure 1 in Figure 5. - Scomber scombrus. A in Some data on the histological organization of bony tissues and teeth in the Mackerel, Scomber scombrus L. 1758 (Acanthopterygii, Perciformes, Scombridae)
Figure 1. – Specimens of Mastacembelus notophthalmus, EFRM 0077, 244 mm TL (A), head of EFRM 0078, 261 mm TL (B), collected from the Bumang Kemuja River, Bangka Island, Indonesia.
Figure 3 in Figure 5. - Scomber scombrus. A in Some data on the histological organization of bony tissues and teeth in the Mackerel, Scomber scombrus L. 1758 (Acanthopterygii, Perciformes, Scombridae)
Figure 3. – Map of the known distribution of Mastacembelus notophthalmus. New record in Bangka, Indonesia (black star); published records (black circles) are based on Roberts (1989), Kottelat et al. (1993), Ng et al. (2019); Ahmad (2020); and Ng and Tan (2020).
Figure 2 in Figure 5. - Scomber scombrus. A in Some data on the histological organization of bony tissues and teeth in the Mackerel, Scomber scombrus L. 1758 (Acanthopterygii, Perciformes, Scombridae)
Figure 2. – Collection site on the Bumang Kemuja River in Bangka Island, Indonesia where Mastacembelus notophthalmus was found.
Figure 2 in Some data on the histological organization of bony tissues and teeth in the Mackerel, Scomber scombrus L. 1758 (Acanthopterygii, Perciformes, Scombridae)
Figure 2. – Scomber scombrus. Details of the bony tissue showing the lack of osteocytes in the vertebra and in the dentary. A: MNHNF-Histos 1964. Vertebral bony tissue showing primary pseudolamellar bone (PB). Osteocytes lacunae are absent. B: MNHNF-Histos 1953. Dentary bony tissue near the caniniform tooth of Fig. 5. The main vascular cavity (VC) is surrounded by a layer of secondary bone (SB) separated from the primary bone (PB) by a reversal cementing line (black arrowheads). The black arrows point to relatively thin ramified vascular canals. C: MNHN-F-Histos 1953. Detail of the dentary wall showing primary pseudo-lamellar bone (PLB) crossed by thin vascular canals (black arrows). Osteocytes are absent. VC: vascular cavities. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B, C = 100 μm.
Figure 3 in Some data on the histological organization of bony tissues and teeth in the Mackerel, Scomber scombrus L. 1758 (Acanthopterygii, Perciformes, Scombridae)
Figure 3. – Scomber scombrus. MNHN-F-Histos 1956. A: Cross section of the ceratohyal. The lingual side shows the groove (arrowhead) that house the blood vessel. The black arrow delimits the detailed area of fig. B. B: Labial side of the ceratohyal showing the pseudo-lamellar bone (PLB) that is crossed by vascular canals (black arrowheads). Osteocytes are absent. Scale bars: A = 500 μm; B = 100 μm.
Figure 7 in The paleohistology of bone and teeth in Cretaceous Pycnodontidae (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes): the case of Neoproscinetes penalvai and Tepexichthys aranguthyorum
Figure 7. – Neoproscinetes penalvai. Dermal bone (see Fig. 2C). A: Section (MNHN-F-Histos 2720) showing an odontode on its supporting bone. The odontode is constituted of a cone of dentine (De) with a thin basal osteocytic bone (Bo). The supporting dermal bone shows numerous osteocytes (white arrow-heads) and is crossed by numerous ramified osteoblastic canalicles (black arrow-heads). (Pc = pulp cavity). B: Cross section (MNHN-F-Histos 2719) of an odontode showing the dentine with the odontoblastic canalicles (Oc) of which end in a thin superficial layer of durodentine (Du). (Pc = pulp cavity). Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B = 100 μm.
Figure 8 in The paleohistology of bone and teeth in Cretaceous Pycnodontidae (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes): the case of Neoproscinetes penalvai and Tepexichthys aranguthyorum
Figure 8. – Tepexeichthys aranguthyorum. (IGM 12717b) A: Longitudinal section of a fin ray showing two opposite lepidotrichial hemisegments separated by gang material (black asterisks). Bony tissue is crossed by numerous osteoblastic canalicles orthogonal to the surface of the ray. B: Cross section of a fin ray showing numerous osteoblastic canalicles some of which being ramified (black arrows). C: Detail showing the ramified extremity of several osteoblastic canalicles (black arrows) and several osteocytes (black arrow-heads). Scale bars: A, B = 100 μm; C = 50 μm.
Figure 2. – Neoproscinetes penalvai. A in The paleohistology of bone and teeth in Cretaceous Pycnodontidae (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes): the case of Neoproscinetes penalvai and Tepexichthys aranguthyorum
Figure 2. – Neoproscinetes penalvai. A: External view of the studied fossil material showing some teeth (white and black arrowheads). Lines aa' and bb' correspond to the first sections series of the specimen. B: View of the right side (bloc No 2), showing the vomer (Vo), the two prearticulars (PA). C: Polished surface bb' of sample No 2, showing the relations between teeth (asterisks) and the bony skeleton. One can see two teeth inserted on the vomer (Vo) on the right, and several other ones on the two prearticulars (PA) on the left. On the top a dermal bone (Db) with an odontode (arrow-head). D: Neoproscinetes penalvai. Occlusal view of the lower jaw (left prearticular) showing i) two shed teeth (black arrows), the scars of which show pleats indicating a plicidentine organization, ii) three resorbing teeth (black arrow-heads), and iii) two young growing teeth (white arrow-heads). Upper left inset. Detail of the left shed tooth showing the crenulated dentine in the pulp cavity (arrow). Scale bar = 1 mm. E: Tepexeichthys aranguthyorum. External view of the studied fossil material showing fin rays (on the upper right) and some bony plates (black asterisks). The lines aa' and bb' wrap the area of cross sections. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, E = 5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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