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140 results for “tropical islands”
Figure 5 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 5. Leptothecata: Phialellidae, Cirrholovenia, Clytiidae. (a) Phialellidae (undetermined): three hydrothecae and pedicels, #240565. (b) Cirrholovenia tetranema: two hydrothecae and stolons, and a nematotheca, #240629. (c) Clytia brevithecata: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #240600. (d) Clytia brevithecata: proximal end of pedicel and stolon, #240600. (e) Clytia linearis: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #307693. (f) Clytia linearis: gonotheca, #307693. (g) Clytia obliqua: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #240629. (h) Clytia obliqua: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #253541. (i) Clytia obliqua: gonotheca, #253541. (j) Clytia obliqua: gonotheca, #240629. Scale bars: a, c–j = 0.1 mm; b = 0.05 mm.
Figure 4 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 4. Eudendriidae. Eudendrium cf. certicaule, nematocysts. (a) microbasic eurytele, small, #240636. (b) microbasic eurytele, small, #240566. (c) microbasic eurytele, large, #240637. (d)?microbasic mastigophore, 240634. (e), haploneme, #240566. (f) haploneme, h#240566.
Figure 7 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 7. Leptothecata: Halopterididae and Aglaopheniidae. (a) Halopteris alternata: part of hydrocaulus with a hydrotheca (stippled), nematothecae and base of a cladium, #240555. (b) Halopteris alternata: part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae and nematothecae, #240555. (c) Macrorhynchia philippina: part of a cladium with two hydrothecae and nematothecae, #266335. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Figure 3 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 3. Oceaniidae. Corydendrium flabellatum, nematocysts. (a) desmoneme, #266339. (b) microbasic eurytele, #266340. (c) microbasic eurytele, discharged, #266340.
Figure 1 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 1. Map of Cocos Island showing the location of plate deployment sites at Chatham Bay and Wafer Bay.
Figure 2 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 2. Anthoathecata: Pennariidae, Oceaniidae and Eudendriidae. (a) Pennaria disticha: hydranth, pedicel and part of hydrocaulus, #266339. (b) Corydendrium flabellatum: two hydranths and distal end of hydrocaulus, #266340. (c) Eudendrium cf. certicaule: hydranth and part of pedicel, #240637. (d) Eudendrium cf. certicaule: pedicel and hydranth with female gonophores, #240634. (e) Eudendrium cf. certicaule: pedicel and hydranth with male gonophores, #240636. (f) Eudendrium cf. certicaule: base of hydrocaulus with a branch, #240636. Scale bars: a, b, f = 0.2 mm; c–e = 0.1 mm.
Figure 6 in Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography
Figure 6. Leptothecata: Obeliidae, Haleciidae, Sertularellidae and Sertulariidae. (a) Obelia microtheca: hydrocaulus with two pedicels and hydrothecae, #240607. (b) Obelia microtheca: part of hydrocaulus with long pedicel and a hydrotheca, #240607. (c) Obelia microtheca: part of hydrocaulus and base of a pedicel with a gonotheca, #240607. (d) Halecium sp.: part of hydrocaulus with hydrothecae and base of a branch, #266335. (e) Sertularella affinicostata: stolon and stem with five hydrothecae, #240592. (f) Sertularella affinicostata: part of stem with two hydrothecae, #240592. (g) Tridentata borneensis: base of a stem with two pairs of hydrothecae, #240634. (h) Tridentata borneensis: distal end of a stem with two pairs of hydrothecae, #240634. (i) Tridentata borneensis: gonotheca, #266336. Scale bars: a, i = 0.2 mm; b–d, f–h = 0.1 mm; e = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 37–39. Plesiocleidochasma clandestina n in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURES 37–39. Plesiocleidochasma clandestina n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island. 37, part of colony showing ovicellate (asterisks) and non-ovicellate orifices; 38, two-, three- and four-spined orifices at colony margin; 39, ovicellate orifice with frontal ooecial foramen. Scale bars: 37, 500 µm; 38, 200 µm; 39, 100 µm.
FIGURES 33, 34. Stephanollona boreopacifica n in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURES 33, 34. Stephanollona boreopacifica n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island. 33, ovicellate orifice; 34, five-spined orifice. FIGURES 35, 36. Pleuromucrum granulatum (Liu in Liu, Yin & Ma, 2001), Munseom Island. 35, zooids, mostly ovicellate, near colony margin; 36, ooecia and avicularia. Scale bars: 33, 36, 100 µm; 34, 50 µm; 35, 500 µm.
FIGURES 23–25. Jodoella koreensis n in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURES 23–25. Jodoella koreensis n. gen. et sp., holotype, Jodo Island. 23, reproductive part of colony showing clustered large ooecia, dimorphic orifices and a rare avicularium; 24, autozooidal orifice; 25, a rare avicularium. FIGURES 26, 27. Calloporina hayamiae Arakawa, 1995, Hajo Island. 26, zooids, several ovicellate, near colony margin, with various stages of ooecial calcification; 27, six-spined and five-spined autozooidal orifices. Scale bars: 23, 26, 300 µm; 24, 25, 50 µm; 27, 200 µm.
FIGURES 14, 15. Schizosmittina mabik n in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURES 14, 15. Schizosmittina mabik n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island. 14, autozooids at colony margin; 15, ovicellate zooids. FIGURES 16, 17. Stephanotheca fenestricella Dick & Grischenko, 2017, Munseom Island. 16, ooecium, ovicellate and autozooidal orifices, and suboral avicularia; 17, autozooidal orifice, condyle and suboral avicularium. Scale bars: 14, 15, 300 µm; 16, 100 µm; 17, 50 µm.
FIGURES 10–13. Reptadeonella yeonbora n in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURES 10–13. Reptadeonella yeonbora n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island. 10, proximal part of colony showing fan-shaped ancestrula triad and daughter zooids; 11, autozooids near growing margin; 12, orifice, suboral avicularium and denticulate single spiramen; 13, large zooid (presumed female) with compound spiramen of five openings, and adjacent smaller zooids. Scale bars: 10, 13, 300 µm; 11, 200 µm; 12, 50 µm.
FIGURES 6, 7 in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURES 6, 7. Corbulella boninensis (Silén, 1941), Munseom Island. 6, part of unbleached colony, slightly tilted forward, showing the strongly toothed distal rim of the vicarious avicularium (regenerated within an autozooidal cystid) and ooecia with a pointed ectooecial apex; 7, part of bleached colony, not tilted, showing autozooids, ooecium and a vicarious avicularium in an autozooidal cystid. FIGURES 8, 9. Onychocella subsymmetrica Canu & Bassler, 1929, Munseom Island. 8, autozooids, torqued avicularia and a zooid that appears to be a female (asterisk); 9, light micrograph of unbleached zooids showing scleritized open opercula (one arrowed) with lateral flanges and avicularian mandibles (thin wing on outer side too transparent to be seen). Scale bars: 6–8, 500 µm; 9, 300 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURE 1. Dibunostoma reversum (Harmer, 1926), Munseom Island, showing autozooids and a single interzooidal avicularium. FIGURES 2–5. Copidozoum rhoae n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island. 2, autozooids, ovicellate zooids and large avicularia; 3, part of unbleached colony showing the shape and disposition of oral spines; 4, close-up of part of Fig. 2 showing ooecia in more detail; note the narrow peripheral band of calcified ectooecium (arrow); 5, large interzooidal avicularium. Scale bars: 1, 500 µm; 2–4, 200 µm; 5, 50 µm.
FIGURE 18. Saevitella jejuensis n in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURE 18. Saevitella jejuensis n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island, showing an autozooid and ovicellate orifices. FIGURES 19–21. Bryopesanser ascendosolaris Tilbrook, 2006, Munseom Island. 19, ovicellate zooid; 20, autozooid and two ovicellate orifices; 21, articular ridges and orificial sinus. FIGURE 22. Jodoella koreensis n. gen. et sp., holotype, Jodo Island, showing autozooids. Scale bars: 18–20, 300 µm; 21, 20 µm; 22, 200 µm.
FIGURE 28. Hippaliosina setiformis Tilbrook, 2006 in Sixteen new generic records of Korean Bryozoa from southern coastal waters and Jeju Island, East China Sea: evidence of tropical affinities
FIGURE 28. Hippaliosina setiformis Tilbrook, 2006, Munseom Island, showing, at centre, a female zooid (♀) with enlarged orifice and ooecium, surrounded by autozooids with two types of avicularia. FIGURES 29–31. Torquatella imperforata n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island. 29, ovicellate and non-ovicellate zooids from colony margin to colony center; 30, autozooid at colony margin and ooecium of proximal zooid; 31, two orifices, each with an intraperistomial avicularium. FIGURE 32. Stephanollona boreopacifica n. sp., holotype, Munseom Island, showing a six-spined autozooidal orifice (right), ovicellate orifices and two types of adventitious avicularia. Scale bars: 28, 500 µm; 29, 400 µm; 30, 31, 100 µm; 32, 300 µm.
Post‐agriculture rain forest succession on a tropical Pacific island
<p>We surveyed the tree and seedling community in 34 vegetation plots in mature and >50 y old secondary lowland rain forest on the Polynesian island of Tutuila, American Samoa. The main data set includes original data from the tree surveys as well as all repeat surveys of seedling plots. We also include all R code and data sets used in analyses, including soil and environmental data, species by plot matrices for NMDS, and processed data used for survival analysis.</p>
Tourism and urban development as drivers for invertebrate diversity loss on tropical islands
<p>Oceanic islands harbour a disproportionately high number of endemic and threatened species. Rapidly growing human populations and tourism are posing an increasing threat to island biota, yet the ecological consequences of these human land uses on small oceanic island systems have not been quantified. Here, we investigated and compared the impact of tourism and urban island development on ground-associated invertebrate biodiversity and habitat composition on oceanic islands. To disentangle tourism and urban land uses, we investigated Indo-Pacific atoll islands, which either exhibit only tourism or urban development, or remain uninhabited. Within the investigated system, we show that species richness, abundance, and Shannon diversity of the ground-associated invertebrate community are significantly decreased on islands used for tourism and on islands with urban development, relative to uninhabited islands. Remote-sensing-based spatial data suggests that habitat fragmentation and a reduction in vegetation density are having significant effects on biodiversity on urban islands, whereas land use/ cover changes could not be linked to the documented biodiversity loss on tourist islands. This offers first direct evidence for a major terrestrial invertebrate loss on remote oceanic islands due to different human land uses with yet unforeseeable long-term consequences for the stability and resilience of oceanic island ecosystems.</p>
Diversity patterns and community structure of the macrofauna along the beach-inland transition zone of small tropical islands: supporting raw data and code
<p>Biodiversity follows distinct and observable patterns. Where to systems meet, biodiversity is often increased, due to overlapping occurrence ranges and the presence of specialized species that can tolerate the dynamic conditions of the transition zones. One of the most pronounced transition zones occurs at shores, where oceans and terrestrial habitat collide, forming the shore-inland transition zone. The relevance of this transition zone in shaping a system's community structure is particularly pronounced on small islands due to their high shore-to-inland-area ratio. However, the community structure of insular faunas along this transition zone is unknown. Here, we investigated the diversity patterns along the beach-inland transition zone of small islands and tested the hypothesis that species diversity increases towards the transition zone where beach and interior habitat meet. By measuring environmental parameters, resource availability, and macrofauna diversity along transects running across the beach-inland transition zone, we show that a gradual change in species composition from beach to the inland exists, but neither taxa richness, Shannon diversity, nor overall abundance change significantly. These findings give important insight into insular community structure at the transition zone from sea to land that are relevant to better understand the dynamic and unique characteristics of insular ecosystems.</p>
Data from: Dispersal limitations and long-term persistence drive differentiation from haplotypes to communities within a tropical sky-island: evidence from community metabarcoding
<p>Neutral theory proposes that dispersal stochasticity is one of the main drivers of local diversity. Haplotypes-level genetic variation can now be efficiently sampled from across whole communities, thus making it possible to test neutral predictions from the genetic to species-level diversity, and higher. However, empirical data is still limited, with the few studies to date coming from temperate latitudes. Here, we focus on a tropical mountain within the Transmexican Volcanic Belt to evaluate spatially fine-scale patterns of arthropod community assembly to understand the role of dispersal limitation and landscape features as drivers of diversity. We sampled whole-communities of arthropods for eight orders at a spatial scale ranging from 50 m to 19 km, using <span>whole community metabarcoding. We explored multiple hierarchical levels, from individual haplotypes to lineages at 0.5, 1.5, 3, 5, 7.5% similarity thresholds, to evaluate patterns of richness, turnover,</span><span> and distance decay of similarity </span><span>with isolation-by-distance and isolation-by-resistance (</span><span>costs to dispersal given by landscape features</span><span>) approaches. </span><span>Our results showed that distance and altitude influence distance decay of similarity at all hierarchical levels. This holds for arthropod groups of contrasting dispersal abilities, but with different strength depending on the spatial scale. Our results support a model where local-scale differentiation mediated by dispersal constraints, combined with long-term persistence of lineages, is an important driver of diversity within tropical sky islands.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.