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4,276 results for “Estimation”
Integrating data from different taxonomic resolutions to better estimate community alpha diversity
<p>Integrated distribution models (IDMs), in which datasets with different properties are analysed together, are becoming widely used to model species distributions and abundance in space and time. To date, the IDM literature has focused on technical and statistical issues, such as the precision of parameter estimates and mitigation of biases arising from unstructured data sources. However, IDMs have an unrealised potential to estimate ecological properties that could not be properly derived from the source datasets if analysed separately. We present a model that estimates community alpha diversity metrics by integrating one species-level dataset of presence-absence records with a co-located dataset of group-level counts (i.e. lacking information about species identity). We illustrate the ability of community IDMs to capture the true alpha diversity through simulation studies and apply the model to data from the UK Pollinator Monitoring Scheme, to describe spatial variation in the diversity of solitary bees, bumblebees and hoverflies. The simulation and case studies showed that the proposed IDM produced more precise estimates of the community diversity than the single models, and the analysis of the real dataset further showed that the alpha diversity estimates from the IDM were averages of the single models. Our findings also revealed that IDMs had a higher prediction accuracy for all the insect groups in most cases, with this performance linked to the information provided by a data source into the IDM.</p>
Data from: ASTRAL: genome-scale coalescent-based species tree estimation
<p>Species trees provide insight into basic biology, including the mechanisms of evolution and how it modifies biomolecular function and structure, biodiversity and co-evolution between genes and species. Yet, gene trees often differ from species trees, creating challenges to species tree estimation. One of the most frequent causes for conflicting topologies between gene trees and species trees is incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), which is modelled by the multi-species coalescent. While many methods have been developed to estimate species trees from multiple genes, some which have statistical guarantees under the multi-species coalescent model, existing methods are too computationally intensive for use with genome-scale analyses or have been shown to have poor accuracy under some realistic conditions.</p> <p>Results: We present ASTRAL, a fast method for estimating species trees from multiple genes. ASTRAL is statistically consistent, can run on datasets with thousands of genes and has outstanding accuracy—improving on MP-EST and the population tree from BUCKy, two statistically consistent leading coalescent-based methods. ASTRAL is often more accurate than concatenation using maximum likelihood, except when ILS levels are low or there are too few gene trees.</p>
In-situ Liaodong Bay Sea Ice Data for the Study of Remotely Estimating Absorptive Substances within Sea Ice
<p>This dataset was used for a study trying to develop remote rensing retrieval model and analyse the uncertainties of impurity content in sea ice from the optics perspective.</p>
A Stimuli Set of Forty Popular Music Drum Patterns with Perceived Complexity Estimates (Data set)
<p>Stimuli and datasets for the study "A Stimuli Set of Forty Popular Music Drum Patterns with Perceived Complexity Estimates"</p>
Data and code for the article "Advancing Fine Branch Biomass Estimation with LiDAR and Structural Models"
<p>This is the repository for the data and code to reproduce the article "Advancing Fine Branch Biomass Estimation with LiDAR and Structural Models".</p> <p>Summary:</p> <p><span><span>·</span></span><span><span><span> </span><em>Background and Aims</em></span></span></p> <p><span><span>Lidar is a promising tool for fast and accurate measurements of trees. There are several approaches to estimate aboveground woody biomass using lidar point clouds. One of the most widely used methods involves fitting geometric primitives (<em>e.g.</em> cylinders) to the point cloud, thereby reconstructing both the geometry and topology of the tree. However, current algorithms are not suited for accurate estimation of the volume of finer branches, because of the unreliable point dispersions from <em>e.g. </em>beam footprint compared to the structure diameter.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>·</span></span><span><span><span> </span><em>Methods</em></span></span></p> <p><span><span>We propose a new method that couples point cloud-based skeletonization and multi-linear statistical modelling based on structural data to make a model (structural model) that accurately estimates the aboveground woody biomass of trees from high-quality lidar point clouds, including finer branches. The structural model was tested at segment, axis, and branch level, and compared to a cylinder fitting algorithm and to the pipe model theory.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>·</span></span><span><span><span> </span><em>Key Results</em></span></span></p> <p><span><span>The model accurately predicted the biomass with 1.6% nRMSE at the segment scale from a k-fold cross-validation. It also gave satisfactory results when up-scaled to the branch level with a significantly lower error (13% nRMSE) and bias (-5%) compared to conventional cylinder fitting to the point cloud (nRMSE: 92%, bias: 82%), or using the pipe model theory (nRMSE: 31%, bias: -27%).</span></span></p> <p><span><span>The model was then applied to the whole-tree scale and showed that the sampled trees had more than 1.7km of structures on average and that 96% of that length was coming from the twigs (<em>i.e.</em> <5 cm diameter). Our results showed that neglecting twigs can lead to a significant underestimation of tree aboveground woody biomass (-21%).</span></span></p> <p><span><span>·</span></span><span><span><span> </span><em>Conclusions</em></span></span></p> <p><span><span>The structural model approach is an effective method that allows a more accurate estimation of the volumes of smaller branches from lidar point clouds. This method is versatile but requires manual measurements on branches for calibration. Nevertheless, once the model is calibrated, it can provide unbiased and large-scale estimations of tree structure volumes, making it an excellent choice for accurate 3D reconstruction of trees and estimating standing biomass.</span></span></p>
Weather station temperature exposure metadata and exposure bias estimates
<p>Thermometer exposure metadata and monthly estimates of the exposure biases arising from the transition to Stevenson screens at mid-latitude weather stations in an extended version of the CRUTEM5 station database (which starts in 1781; Osborn et al., 2021).</p> <p>This dataset accompanies Wallis et al. (2024). Please see the attached readme file and Wallis et al. (2024) for further information about the dataset format and its creation.</p> <p>---</p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Osborn, T.J., Jones, P.D., Lister, D.H., Morice, C.P., Simpson, I.R., Winn, J., Hogan, E. & Harris, I.C. (2021) Land surface air temperature variations across the globe updated to 2019: the CRUTEM5 dataset. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</em>, <strong>126</strong>, e2019JD032352, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD032352</p> <p>Wallis, E.J., Osborn, T.J., Taylor, M., Jones, P.D., Joshi, M. & Hawkins, E. (2024) Quantifying exposure biases in early instrumental land surface air temperature observations. <em>International Journal of Climatology, </em>https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.8401</p>
Data from: using camera traps and N-mixture models to estimate population abundance: model selection really matters
<p>Estimating the abundance or density of wildlife populations is a critical part of species conservation and management, but estimates can vary greatly in precision and accuracy according to the data collection and statistical methods, sampling and ecological variation, and sample size. N-mixture models are a common method which has been applied to a wide range of taxa for estimating population abundance from non-invasive data representing the distribution of the species. We used population estimates from an aerial survey of moose and videos from camera traps to assess the sensitivity of N-mixture models to ecological conditions, the spatial scale at which they were measured, the criteria used to define independent detections, and model choice based on the common statistical criterion of parsimony. The most parsimonious N-mixture models were considerably biased, producing implausibly large and considerably imprecise estimates of the abundance of moose. Most of the other models produced estimates of abundance that were ecologically realistic and relatively accurate. The accuracy of population estimates produced by N-mixture models were not overly sensitive to the formulation of models, the scale at which ecological conditions were measured, or the criteria used to define independent detection and by extension sample size. Our results suggest that parsimony was a poor measure of the predictive accuracy of the population estimates produced with the N-mixture model. Collecting and processing data from the aerial survey was less expensive and took less time, but data from camera traps can provide valuable information on behavior of the target species as well as insights into multiple species in the community.</p>
Digisonde Data files used for JGR-Space Physics paper "A simplified method of true height analysis to estimate the real height of sporadic E layers"
<p>paper submitted for publication in JGR-Space Physics.</p> <p>Digisonde Data files used for analysis</p> <p> </p> <p>A simplified method of true height analysis to estimate the real height of sporadic E layers</p> <p> </p> <p>Christos Haldoupis</p> <p>Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece</p> <p>Haris Haralambous</p> <p>Frederick University and Frederick Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus</p> <p>Chris Meek</p> <p>Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada</p>
Contrasting the depths of divergence between gene-tree and coalescent estimates in the North American Racers (Colubridae: Coluber constrictor)
<p>The North American racers (<em>Coluber constrictor</em>) are widely distributed across the Nearctic and numerous studies have demonstrated extensive variation in morphology, ecology, and population genetic structure. Here we take an integrative approach to understand lineage diversification within this taxon by combining genomic sequence capture data, mtDNA sequence data, morphometrics, and ecological niche models. Both the genomic data and mtDNA phylogeographic analyses support five lineages distributed across the range of this species. However, demographic model selection based on these two datasets strongly conflict in both the model of divergence and estimates of timing of lineage divergence. While mtDNA and concatenated genomic data suggest a Miocene origin of these distinct groups, coalescent-based demographic models of sequence capture data suggest lineage diversification occurred at ~33 kya in allopatry without gene flow. Using linear morphological measurements of head shape we demonstrate that lineages distributed largely east and west of the Mississippi River are distinguishable. Furthermore, ecological niche modelling demonstrates that lineages distributed in subtropical habitats have environmental niche space that is significantly differentiated from lineages distributed across the continent. Taken together, these results suggest that ecology is an important axis of lineage divergence within this group and that more fine-scale analyses may find even greater differentiation across the populations identified here.</p>
NOAA PSL thermodynamic profiles retrieved from a combination of active and passive remote sensors and numerical weather prediction models with the optimal estimation physical retrieval TROPoe at Platteville, CO, USA
<p>This dataset contains retrieved profiles of thermodynamic variables obtained using the Tropospheric Remotely Observed Profiling via Optimal Estimation (TROPoe) physical retrieval from various combinations of input data collected by passive and active remote sensing instruments, in-situ surface platforms, and numerical weather prediction models deployed at the Platteville, CO, USA, site in fall 20221-winter 2022. Among the employed instruments are Microwave Radiometers (MWRs), Infrared Spectrometers (IRS), Radio Acoustic Sounding Systems (RASS), ceilometers, surface sensors, and information from the operational Rapid Refresh numerical weather prediction model.</p> <p>The dataset also includes 15 radiosounding launched for assessing the retrievals.</p> <p>For further information, please see:</p> <p>Bianco, L., Adler, B., Bariteau, L., Djalalova, I. V., Myers, T., Pezoa, S., Turner, D. D., and Wilczak, J. M.: Sensitivity of thermodynamic profiles retrieved from ground-based microwave and infrared observations to additional input data from active remote sensing instruments and numerical weather prediction models, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-263, in review, 2024.</p>
Data for: Estimation of genetic parameters for the implementation of selective breeding in commercial insect production
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>There is a burgeoning interest in using insects as a sustainable source of food and feed, particularly by capitalising on various waste materials and by-products that are typically considered of low value. Enhancing the commercial production of insects can be achieved through two main approaches: optimising environmental conditions and implementing selective breeding strategies. In order to successfully target desirable traits through selective breeding, having a thorough understanding of the genetic parameters pertaining to those traits is essential. In this study, a full-sib half-sib mating design was used to estimate variance components and heritabilities for larval size and survival at day seven of development, development time and survival from egg to adult, and to estimate correlations between these traits, within an outbred population of house flies (<em>Musca domestica</em>), using high-throughput phenotyping for data collection.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>The results revealed low to intermediate heritabilities and positive genetic correlations between all traits except development time and survival to day seven of development and from egg to adulthood. Surprisingly, larval size at day seven exhibited a comparatively low heritability (0.10) in contrast to development time (0.25), a trait that is believed to have a stronger association with overall fitness. A decline in family numbers resulting from low mating success and high overall mortality reduced the amount of available data which resulted in large standard errors for the estimated parameters. Environmental factors made a substantial contribution to the phenotypic variation, which was overall high for all traits.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>There is potential for genetic improvement in all studied traits and estimates of genetic correlations indicate a partly shared genetic architecture among the traits. All estimates have large standard errors. Implementing high-throughput phenotyping is imperative for the estimation of genetic parameters in fast developing insects, and facilitates age synchronisation, which is vital in a breeding population. In spite of endeavours to minimise non-genetic sources of variation, all traits demonstrated substantial influences from environmental components. This emphasises the necessity of thorough attention to the experimental design before breeding is initiated in insect populations.</p>
Estimating human joint moments unifies exoskeleton control and reduces user effort
<p>Robotic lower-limb exoskeletons can augment human mobility, but current systems require extensive, context-specific considerations, limiting their real-world viability. Here, we present a unified exoskeleton control framework that autonomously adapts assistance based on instantaneous user joint moment estimates from a temporal convolutional network (TCN). When deployed on our hip exoskeleton, the TCN achieved an average RMSE of 0.142 ± 0.021 Nm/kg and R<sup>2</sup> of 0.840 ± 0.045 across 35 ambulatory conditions without any subject-specific calibration. Further, the unified controller significantly reduced user metabolic cost and lower-limb positive work during level ground and incline walking compared to walking without wearing the exoskeleton (P < 0.05). This advancement bridges the gap between in-lab exoskeleton technology and real-world human ambulation, making exoskeleton control technology viable for a broad community.</p>
Source data for graphs and charts used in the paper "A machine learning-based estimator for real-time earthquake ground-shaking predictions in Southern California"
<h1>DESCRIPTION:</h1> <h3>This repository contains the source data for graphs and charts used in the paper "A machine learning-based estimator for real-time earthquake ground-shaking predictions in Southern California" submitted and accepted at "Communications Earth & Environment journal" </h3> <h3>Marisol Monterrubio-Velasco, Scott Callaghan, David Modesto, Jose Carlos Carrasco, Rosa M. Badi , Pablo Pallares, Fernando Vázquez-Novoa, Enrique S. Quintana-Ortı́, Marta Pienkowska, and Josep de la Puente</h3> <h2><strong>DATA FOR FIGURES: </strong></h2> <h3><strong>Figure 1 : </strong></h3> <p>The data used in this figure comes from the CyberShake Study 15.4. Seismogram, intensity measure, and duration data from CyberShake Study 15.4 is available through the SCEC CyberShake Study 15.4 Globus Collection, served by the University of Southern California's Center for Advanced Research Computing. Direct link:<a href="https://g-46eaba.a78b8.36fe.data.globus.org/ACTN/3886/PeakVals_ACTN_10_0.bsa">https://g-46eaba.a78b8.36fe.data.globus.org</a>."</p> <h3><strong>Figure 2:</strong></h3> <p><strong>Model evaluation on the validation dataset for T = 2s</strong></p> <p>1. Random Forest predictions using the optimized hyperparameters depth=30, n_estimators=30 for the validation dataset at T=2s</p> <p><a href="../records/10640493/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10.dat?download=1&preview=1">y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10.dat</a></p> <p>2. Artificial Neural Network predictions using the optimized hyperparameters 9layer and 256 neurons for the validation dataset at T=2s</p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_DataSet_AllRuptureVariations_OneRuptureID_Period2.0_ALL_Validation_log10.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_DataSet_AllRuptureVariations_OneRuptureID_Period2.0_ALL_Validation_log10.csv</a></p> <p>3. True values for the validation dataset at T=2s</p> <p><a href="../records/10640493/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10.dat?download=1&preview=1">y_true_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10.dat</a></p> <h3><strong>Figure 3:</strong></h3> <p><strong>Error metrics obtained for each simulated scenario using:</strong></p> <p><strong>- Artificial Neural Networks</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_2.0_NN.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_3.0_NN.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_10.0_NN.csv</a></p> <p><strong>- Random Forest regressor</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_2.0_RF.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_3.0_RF.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_RF.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_10.0_RF.csv</a></p> <p><strong>- ASK14 GMPE</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_2.0_GMPE.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_5.0_GMPE.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_10.0_GMPE.csv</a></p> <h3>Figure 4:</h3> <p><strong>MLESmap RotD50 predictions on a validation event of magnitude 6.85</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/RF_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RF_predictions_T2s_map_2748.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ASK_14_prediction_T2s_map_2748.csv </a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ANN_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ANN_predictions_T2s_map_2748.csv</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/RF_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RF_predictions_T3s_map_2748.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ASK_14_prediction_T3s_map_2748.csv </a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ANN_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ANN_predictions_T3s_map_2748.csv</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/RF_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RF_predictions_T5s_map_2748.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ASK_14_prediction_T5s_map_2748.csv </a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ANN_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ANN_predictions_T5s_map_2748.csv</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/RF_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RF_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_2748.csv </a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/ANN_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ANN_predictions_T10s_map_2748.csv</a></p> <h3>Figure 5:</h3> <p><strong>Spatial configuration of five historical earthquakes and BBP stations also including the coordinates of synthetic stations from the CS_15_4 study</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/SyntheticStationsCoordinates_CS_15.4.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SyntheticStationsCoordinates_CS_15.4.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Whittier_BBP_sites.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Whittier_BBP_sites.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Northridge_BBP_sites.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Northridge_BBP_sites.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/North_Palm_Springs_BBP_sites.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">North_Palm_Springs_BBP_sites.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Landers_BBP_sites.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Landers_BBP_sites.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Hector_Mine_BBP_sites.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hector_Mine_BBP_sites.csv</a></p> <h3><strong>Figure 6:</strong></h3> <p><strong>RotD50 predictions for real events for the ‘inside’ stations </strong></p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_IN_event_metrics-T_10.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_IN_event_metrics-T_10.csv, NN_layers9Landers_IN_event_metrics-T_10.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_IN_event_metrics-T_10.csv, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_10.csv</a></p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_IN_event_metrics-T_5.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_IN_event_metrics-T_5.csv, NN_layers9Landers_IN_event_metrics-T_5.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_IN_event_metrics-T_5.csv, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_5.csv</a></p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_IN_event_metrics-T_3.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_IN_event_metrics-T_3.csv, NN_layers9Landers_IN_event_metrics-T_3.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_IN_event_metrics-T_3.csv, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_3.csv</a></p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv, NN_layers9Landers_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Whittier_IN_event_metrics-T_2.csv</a></p> <h2>Supplementary material:</h2> <h3>Supplementary Fig 2</h3> <p><strong>Boxplots comparing ML models and "true" values</strong></p> <p><strong>- DNN</strong></p> <p><a href="10640493" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_DataSet_AllRuptureVariations_OneRuptureID_Period2.0_ALL_Validation_log10.csv</a></p> <p><a href="10640493" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_DataSet_AllRuptureVariations_OneRuptureID_Period3.0_ALL_Validation_log10.csv</a></p> <p><a href="10640493" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_DataSet_AllRuptureVariations_OneRuptureID_Period5.0_ALL_Validation_log10.csv</a></p> <p><a href="10640493" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_DataSet_AllRuptureVariations_OneRuptureID_Period10.0_ALL_Validation_log10.csv</a></p> <p>- RF</p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_pred_dislib_T3s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_pred_dislib_T5s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y</a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">_pred_dislib_T10s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p>- TRUE VALUES FROM CYBERSHAKE SIMULATIONS</p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_true_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_true_dislib_T3s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_true_dislib_T5s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/y_pred_dislib_T2s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">y_true_dislib_T10s_depth-30_n_estimators-30_val_MODEL_ORIGINAL_Dataset_ORIGINAL_ALL_log10_8Feat_Plus_RealData.dat</a></p> <p> </p> <h3>Supplementary Fig 3</h3> <p><strong>Error metrics obtained for each simulated scenario:</strong></p> <p><strong>Artificial Neural Networks:</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_2.0_NN.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_3.0_NN.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_10.0_NN.csv</a></p> <p><strong> Random Forest regressor:</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_2.0_RF.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_3.0_RF.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_RF.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Test_Results_metrics_paper_5.0_NN.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Test_Results_metrics_paper_10.0_RF.csv</a></p> <p><strong>ASK14 GMPE</strong></p> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_2.0_GMPE.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_5.0_GMPE.csv, </a><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/Results_metrics_paper_3.0_GMPE.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Results_metrics_paper_10.0_GMPE.csv</a></p> <h3>Supplementary Fig 4</h3> <p><strong>Predictions for the Synthetic event of magnitude 7.45</strong></p> <p>RF_predictions_T2s_map_3.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T2s_map_3.csv , ANN_predictions_T2s_map_3.csv</p> <p>RF_predictions_T3s_map_3.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T3s_map_3.csv , ANN_predictions_T3s_map_3.csv</p> <p>RF_predictions_T5s_map_3.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T5s_map_3.csv , ANN_predictions_T5s_map_3.csv</p> <p>RF_predictions_T10s_map_3.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_3.csv , ANN_predictions_T10s_map_3.csv</p> <h3>Supplementary Fig 5</h3> <p><strong>Predictions for the Synthetic event of magnitude 8.05</strong></p> <p>RF_predictions_T2s_map_1240.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T2s_map_1240.csv , ANN_predictions_T2s_map_1240.csv</p> <p>RF_predictions_T1240s_map_1240.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T1240s_map_1240.csv , ANN_predictions_T1240s_map_1240.csv</p> <p>RF_predictions_T5s_map_1240.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T5s_map_1240.csv , ANN_predictions_T5s_map_1240.csv</p> <p>RF_predictions_T10s_map_1240.csv, ASK_14_prediction_T10s_map_1240.csv , ANN_predictions_T10s_map_1240.csv</p> <h3>Supplementary Fig 6</h3> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Northridge_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Landers_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv</a>, <a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NN_layers9Hector_Mine_OUT_event_metrics-T_10.csv</a></p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_5.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_OUT_event_metrics-T_5.csv, NN_layers9Landers_OUT_event_metrics-T_5.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_OUT_event_metrics-T_5.csv</p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_3.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_OUT_event_metrics-T_3.csv, NN_layers9Landers_OUT_event_metrics-T_3.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_OUT_event_metrics-T_3.csv</p> <p>NN_layers9North_Palm_Springs_OUT_event_metrics-T_2.csv, NN_layers9Northridge_OUT_event_metrics-T_2.csv, NN_layers9Landers_OUT_event_metrics-T_2.csv, NN_layers9Hector_Mine_OUT_event_metrics-T_2.csv</p> <p> </p> <h3>Supplementary Fig 7</h3> <p>ASK-14 GMPE's</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Whittier_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Landers_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Northridge_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_North_Palm_Springs_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Hector_Mine_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p> </p> <p>RF and DNN</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Northridge_3s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Landers_3s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Whittier_3s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_North_Palm_Springs_3s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Hector_Mine_3s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <h3>Suplementary Fig 8</h3> <p>ASK-14 GMPE's</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Whittier_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Landers_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Northridge_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_North_Palm_Springs_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Hector_Mine_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p> </p> <p>RF and DNN</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Northridge_5s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Landers_5s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Whittier_5s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_North_Palm_Springs_5s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Hector_Mine_5s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p> </p> <h3>Suplementary Fig 9</h3> <p>ASK-14 GMPE's</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Whittier_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Landers_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Northridge_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_North_Palm_Springs_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p>df_InputDataPred_EQreal_Hector_Mine_plus_CS_sites_Scott_REVIEW_ASK_2014.csv</p> <p> </p> <p>RF and DNN</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Northridge_10s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Landers_10s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Whittier_10s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_North_Palm_Springs_10s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p>Prediction_NN_BS_256_9capas_Hector_Mine_10s_log10_Review_ALL.csv</p> <p> </p> <h3>Suplementary Fig 10</h3> <p><a href="../api/records/10640493/draft/files/HyperParameters_T2s_log10.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">HyperParameters_T2s_log10.csv</a></p>
Geodetic height changes at proposed IHRF sites estimated from GRACEGRACE-FO data
<p>This data provide information about geodetic heights change used to obtain all results presented in the article "<span>Yadeta S.M., </span><strong><span>Godah W.</span></strong><span>, Szelachowska M., Fotopoulos G., (2023): </span><span> <em>Assessment of temporal variations of orthometric/normal heights at proposed International Height Reference Frame sites using GRACE/GRACE-FO</em>. Survey Review. </span><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2023.2293367"><span>https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2023.2293367</span></a></span>" </p>
Wildfire, prescribed burn, and agricultural burn smoke PM2.5 estimates for CA, WA, and OR 2014-2020
<p>Wildfires, prescribed burns, and agricultural burns all impact ambient air quality across the Western U.S.; however, little is known about how communities across the region are differentially exposed to smoke from each of these fire types. To address this gap, we quantify smoke exposure stemming from wildfire, prescribed, and agricultural burns across Washington, Oregon, and California from 2014-2020 using a fire type-specific biomass burning emissions inventory and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. We examine fire type-specific PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and in relation to the Center for Disease Control's Social Vulnerability Index. Overall, population average PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations are greater from wildfires than from prescribed and agricultural burns. While we found limited evidence of exposure disparities among sub-groups across the full study area, we did observe disproportionately higher exposures to wildfire-specific PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposures among Native communities in all three states and, in California, higher agricultural burn-specific PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposures among lower socioeconomic groups. We also identified, for all three states, areas of significant spatial clustering of smoke exposures from all fire types and increased social vulnerability. These results provide a first look at the differential contributions of smoke from wildfires, prescribed burns, and agricultural burns to PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposures among demographic subgroups, which can be used to inform more tailored exposure reduction strategies across sources.</p>
Figure 2 in The carrion beetle Oxelytrum discicolle (Coleoptera: Silphidae) and the estimative of the minimum post-mortem interval in a forensic case in Brasília, Brazil
Figure 2. Oxelytrum discicolle larvae in the skull.
Incorporating plant phenological responses into species distribution models (SDMs) reduces estimates of future species loss and turnover
<p>Anthropogenetic climate change has caused distribution shifts of many species, and species distribution models (SDMs) are central for documenting this relationship. However, most SDMs rarely consider the evolution of climate-sensitive functional traits, such as phenology, which strongly affect species fitness. Using >120,000 herbarium specimens representing 360 plant species across the eastern United States, we developed a novel "phenology-informed" SDM that integrates dynamic phenological responses to changing climates. Compared to standard SDMs, our phenology-informed SDMs forecast lower species habitat loss and less species turnover under climate change. These results suggest that phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation in phenology may help species adjust their ecological niches and persist in their habitats under rapid environmental change. Our findings reveal how phenology variation mediates species distributions and affects regional biodiversity patterns. Our newly developed model also circumvents the need for mechanistic models, facilitating the deployment of trait-based SDMs across unprecedented spatial and taxonomic scales.</p>
Mapping Deformation Processes using InSAR PS+DS Timeseries Estimation in Northern California, U.S.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fecal standing crop with real time correction using scat detection dogs to estimate population density
<p>Population density is fundamental information for assessing the conservation status of species and support management and conservation actions for in situ populations, but is unknown for many forest species due to their difficulty in detection. The Fecal Standing Crop (FSC) method using detection dogs is an alternative for cryptic or elusive species. An intrinsic difficulty of FSC is the ability to find fecal samples in the field and to estimate the probability of which feces detection is influenced by degradation due to climatic conditions. Our goal was to propose a concurrent FSC parameter estimation using a scat detection dog under different climatic conditions and apply those parameters in a wild deer population. Ten fecal samples of gray brocket deer (Subulo gouazoubira) were placed weekly in a transect (24 x 1200 m) in both dry and wet seasons (12 weeks each). A scat detection dog was then employed to find experimental fecal samples to determine the FSC parameters that were subsequently used with naturally occurring fecal samples (also dog-detected) to estimate population density. The oldest dog found samples were 21 (Dry) and seven (Wet) days after placement, resulting in dog efficiency of 23% (Dry) and 30% (Wet). Adjusting the model to account for efficiency and scat durability, we estimated similar, seasonal, densities of 4.54 individuals km-2 (SD = 2.21, Dry) and 5.52 indiv. km-2 (SD = 3.71, Wet).</p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications:</em> Our results demonstrate that our concurrent methodology corrected the effects of weather and habitat on FSC parameters thereby allowing for accurate population density estimation. Additionally, this method can provide reasonably precise density estimates with a logistically feasible sample size, as demonstrated by simulation. Following our recommendations, this method allows a reliable estimate of population density because it incorporates any influence of study area, dog ability, and climate in fecal sample detection, providing fundamental information for the conservation of many cryptic and elusive species.</p>
Flood protection and vulnerability estimates for Europe, 1950-2020
<p>This dataset provides estimates of flood protection levels and flood vulnerability at scale of 1422 subnational regions of 42 European countries over the period 1950–2020. Estimates are based on a set of vine-copula models quantified with data on flood impacts from the HANZE catalogue.</p> <p>The dataset contains two ZIP files with a total of five shapefiles, each containing a "Code" column with the code of the subnational region (based mainly on EU's NUTS3, v2010 classification) and other column estimates per each year between 1950 and 2020.</p> <ul> <li>NUTS3_Flood_Protection_coast: estimated flood protection level from coastal floods, as average return period in years between occurrence of significant flood impacts;</li> <li>NUTS3_Flood_Protection_riverine: as above, but for riverine floods;</li> <li>NUTS3_Vulnerability_Fat_comb: estimated actual fatalities from an hypothetical average flood, as % of potential impact under assumption of a static depth-fatality function and no flood protection within region (S-shaped function shown in Jonkman et al. 2008, <a title="Jonkman2008" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9227-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9227-5</a>)</li> <li>NUTS3_Vulnerability_Pop_aff: estimated actual population affected from an hypothetical average flood, as % of exposed population under assumption of no flood protection within region</li> <li>NUTS3_Vulnerability_Eco_less: estimated actual direct economic loss (damage to assets) from an hypothetical average flood, as % of potential impact under assumption of static depth-damage functions (from Huizinga et al. 2017, <a title="Huizinga2017" href="https://doi.org/10.2760/16510">https://doi.org/10.2760/16510</a>) and no flood protection within region.</li> </ul> <p>Detailed methodology is explained in the underlying publication. Code and data to reproduce the results are also available on Zenodo (see "Related works").</p> <p>Data can be also viewed on <a title="Natural Hazards" href="https://naturalhazards.eu/">https://naturalhazards.eu/</a></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.