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Fig. 6 in Characterization of the early development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Paraguay River Basin
Fig. 6. Allometric growth of the body parts in relation to the total length during the development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum.
Fig. 3 in Characterization of the early development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Paraguay River Basin
Fig. 3. Drawings and photographs of the embryonic development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum. (a) morula, (b) gastrula; (c) initial embryo, (d) tail formation, (e) free tail, and (f) final embryo. Scale = 1 mm.
Fig. 1 in Characterization of the early development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Paraguay River Basin
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the measurements taken: (a) eggs, (b) larvae, and (c) juveniles of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum. EGD: total diameter, YSD: yolk-sac diameter, PS: perivitelline space, TL: total length, SL: standard length, SNL: snout length, ED: eye diameter, HL: head length, TRL: trunk length, TAL: tail length, HH: head height, BH: body height at the level of the pectoral fin, BHa: body height at the level of the anus, CPH: caudal peduncle height, PPD: pre pectoral-fin length, PPvD: pre pelvic-fin length, PDD: pre dorsal-fin length, and PAD: pre anal-fin length.
Fig. 5 in Characterization of the early development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Paraguay River Basin
Fig. 5. Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum growth during larval and juvenile development, from hatching to the 24th day of life. Larval stages: A: yolk-sac larva, B = preflexion, C = flexion, and D = postflexion; and E = juvenile. (a) Relationship between total length and age, and (b) relationship between weight and age.
Fig. 2 in Characterization of the early development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Paraguay River Basin
Fig. 2. Morphological events observed during the development of Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum, in the (a) embryonic, (b) larval and juvenile period. YOS: yolk-sac larva, PF: preflexion, FL: flexion, POF: postflexion, and J: juvenile.
FIGURE 2 in Development of microsatellite loci and population genetics of the catfish Pimelodus yuma (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 2 | Discriminant analysis of principal components for nine microsatellite loci and 138 individuals of Pimelodus yuma in three sections (S4/5, S6 and S7/8) of the Cauca River.
FIGURE 1 in Development of microsatellite loci and population genetics of the catfish Pimelodus yuma (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 1 | Studied sampling sites of Pimelodus yuma along the lower sections (S4–S8) of the Cauca River. The pentagons indicate sampling sites in floodplain lakes and the stars indicate sites along the main channel of the river.
FIGURE 3 in Development of microsatellite loci and population genetics of the catfish Pimelodus yuma (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 3 | STRUCTURE results for Pimelodus yuma showing K= 2 genetic stocks in three sections (S4/5, S6 and S7/8) of the Cauca River.
Fig. 2 in Diet-morphology relationship in the stream-dwelling characid Deuterodon stigmaturus (Gomes, 1947) (Characiformes: Characidae) is partially conditioned by ontogenetic development
Fig. 2. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showing PCo1 and PCo2 based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities of diet composition of 75 individuals of the stream-dwelling characid Deuterodon stigmaturus. Food items name abbreviations are listed in Table 3.
Fig. 1 in Diet-morphology relationship in the stream-dwelling characid Deuterodon stigmaturus (Gomes, 1947) (Characiformes: Characidae) is partially conditioned by ontogenetic development
Fig. 1. Location of the sampling site of Deuterodon stigmaturus (black dot) in the Paraíso stream, a tributary of the Mampituba River in Southern Brazil coastal region, between Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC) states.
Fig. 5 in Diet-morphology relationship in the stream-dwelling characid Deuterodon stigmaturus (Gomes, 1947) (Characiformes: Characidae) is partially conditioned by ontogenetic development
Fig. 5. Relationships between diet composition of Deuterodon stigmaturus summarized by the PCo1 of a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and intestine length independent of standard length (ILresiduals). Higher PCo1 values indicate a greater proportion of terrestrial plants (Terrplant) and lower values indicate a greater proportion of filamentous algae (Filalgae). Sampling months (dashed lines) were used as random effect variable and IL
Fig. 4 in Diet-morphology relationship in the stream-dwelling characid Deuterodon stigmaturus (Gomes, 1947) (Characiformes: Characidae) is partially conditioned by ontogenetic development
Fig. 4. Relationships between diet composition of Deuterodon stigmaturus summarized by the PCo1 of a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and the standard length (SL) of individuals. Higher values of PCo1 indicate a greater proportion of terrestrial plants (Terrplant) and lower values indicate a greater proportion of filamentous algae (Filalgae) ingested by individuals. Sampling months (dashed lines) were used as random effect variable and SL was used as a fixed effect (solid line) variable to fit a linear mixed-effects model.
Replication Package for "Type Inference in Kotlin: An Exploratory Study of Developer Usage Patterns"
<p>This dataset includes scripts and data files used to generate all analysis and results from the paper. A <strong>README.md</strong> file is included for details on using the scripts.</p> <p>The dataset is quite large. It is broken down into three archives. All scripts are in <strong>replication-pkg.zip</strong> and the other 2 files only contain data. So if you want to just inspect the analysis, you only need that single zip.</p> <p>If you grab the <strong>data-cache.zip</strong> file and extract it, it will need around 1GB of space. This is the processed dataset stored in Parquet files. Use this if you want to just recreate the tables/figures from the paper.</p> <p>If you want to make changes to the analyses, you will need the raw data in <strong>data.zip</strong>. This will need around 13GB of space once extracted. If you then generate the CSV files from those TXT files (which you will need to do for any custom analysis), you will need an additional 12GB of space.</p>
Fig. 6 in Neurogenesis in directly and indirectly developing enteropneusts: of nets and cords
Fig. 6 Neurogenesis in S. kowalevskii. a–C, f–k, m–o Z-projections of confocal microscopy image stacks. d, e, l Scanning electron micrographs (SEM). Anterior is to the right and ventral to the bottom in all images. a Overview of a dorsal kink stage. Serotonin-LIR neurons are present in the proboscis epidermis. Note the larval apical ciliary tuft. b Detail showing the developing nervous plexus in the trunk region of a dorsal kink stage. c Partial Z-projection of the anterior tip of a dorsal kink stage highlighting the absence of serotonin-LIR somata from the apical plate. d SEM of dorsal kink stage. e SEM of 1-gill-slit stage. f Partial Z-projection of the anterior tip of a 1-gill-slit stage. g Detail showing an elaborate 5-HT+ nervous plexus in the trunk region of the 1-gill-slit stage. h Overview of a 1-gill-slit stage showing the entire serotonin-LIR nervous system. i Close-up of the dorsal collar region demonstrating the 5-HT+ part in the neurulating collar cord. Double arrowheads point to dorsal connections of the anterior portion of the collar cord that is still in contact with the epidermis. k Overview of the serotonin-LIR nervous system of a 3-gill-slit juvenile. l SEM of a 3-gill-slit juvenile in lateral view. m Detail of the anterior trunk region of a 3-gill-slit juvenile showing scattered serotoninLIR bipolar neurons projecting into the ventral neurite bundle. n Detail of two biploar neurons within the proboscis epidermis. o Detail of the collar region showing 5-HT+ neurites within the subepidermal collar cord. 5- HT, serotonin; ac-α-tub, acetylated α-tubulin; at, apical tuft; cn, circumferential neurite; cc, collar cord; co, collar; dnb, dorsal neurite bundle; ep, epidermis; gs, gill slit; ms, mesocoel; nn, nervous plexus; ot, opisthotroch; pat, postanal tail; pc, protocoel; pf, perianal field; ph, pharynx; pr, proboscis; ps, proboscis stem; sn, serotonin-LIR neuron; tr, trunk; vnb, ventral neurite bundle
Fig. 5 in Neurogenesis in directly and indirectly developing enteropneusts: of nets and cords
Fig. 5 Neurogenesis in the 2-gill slit juvenile of B. misakiensis. a, b Scanning electron micrographs: c–i Z-projections of confocal microscopy image stacks. Anterior is to the right. a Dorsolateral view of a 3-day-old settled juvenile. b Higher magnification of the two gill slits and the dorsal tongue bars. c Overview of the 5-HT+ NS of a 3-day-old juvenile. d The collar cord is composed of three 5-HT+ neurite bundles of which the median one projects posteriorly into the dorsal nerve cord. e Detail of the ventral 5-HT+ neurite bundle with numerous incoming circular neurites emerging from lateral bipolar neurons. f Detail of the anterior part of the dorsal 5-HT+ neurite bundle and epidermal collar region. This part is discontinuous with the posterior part of the 5- HT neurite bundle shown in g, see also double arrowheads and dashed area. g The posterior part of the dorsal 5-HT+ neurite bundle contains few serotonin-LIR neurites and is discontinuous with the anterior part of the 5- HT neurite bundle, see double arrowheads and dashed area. h Partial Zprojection of a sagittal scan of the dorsal collar region. The collar cord comprises ventral neurite bundles and a dorsal sheath of somata, which are not serotonin-LIR positive. i Close-up of a part of the proboscis region showing the 5-HT+ bipolar neurons and the basiepidermal nervous plexus. 5-HT, serotonin; a, anus; ac-α-tub, acetylated α-tubulin; cn, circumferential neurite; cc, collar cord; ci, cilia; co, collar; dnb, dorsal neurite bundle; ep, epidermis; gs, gill slit; msp, mesocoel pore; nn, nervous plexus; onr, opisthotroch nerve ring; pnr, prebranchial nerve ring; pr, proboscis; ps, proboscis stem; sn, serotonin-LIR neuron; tb, tongue bar; tm, trunk musculature; vnb, ventral neurite bundle
Fig. 4 in Neurogenesis in directly and indirectly developing enteropneusts: of nets and cords
Fig. 4 Neurogenesis in early settled stages of B. misakiensis. a, c–i, l, m Z-projections of confocal microscopy image stacks. b, k Scanning electron micrographs. a Ventrolateral overview of the serotonin-LIR NS of an early settled juvenile. Anterior is to the left. b Left side view of early settled juvenile. c Detail of the anterior trunk region of early settled juvenile showing a ubiquitous basiepidermal nervous plexus. d Partial Z-projection showing the longitudinally orientated neurites within the collar region. e Detail of the 5-HT+ proboscis plexus at the base of the proboscis and the neurite bundles passing through the subepidermal collar cord. f, g Close-up of the gill pore and mesocoelic pore showing the prebranchial nerve ring and the nervous plexus entangling the mesocoelic duct in f. h SEM of a settled juvenile in lateral right view. i Close-up of the apical tip of the proboscis. k Detail of the dorsolateral collar region showing two clusters of 5-HT+ bipolar neurons that encircle the collar. l Overview of the 5-HT+ NS of a settled juvenile 24-h postsettlement, lateral right view. m Detail showing circular 5-HT+ neurites within the posterior part of the trunk whereas more anterior a net-like pattern is still present. The apical tuft and cluster of 5-HT+ somata has disappeared. Apical is to the top. 5-HT, serotonin; ac-α-tub, acetylated α-tubulin; a, anus; ao, apical organ; cgn, ciliary groove nerves; cn, circumferential neurite; cc, collar cord; co, collar; gs, gill slit; mcb, middle circular neurite bundle; msp, mesocoel pore; ne, neurite; nn, nervous plexus; onr, opisthotroch nerve ring; pnr, prebranchial nerve ring; pr, proboscis; ps, proboscis stem; sn, serotonin-LIR neuron; tr, trunk; vnb, ventral neurite bundle
FIGURE 2 in Early development of two commercially valuable fish from the lower Amazon River, Brazil (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)
FIGURE 2 | Larval and juvenile development of Myloplus lobatus: A. Flexion (8.5 mm); B. Flexion (9.7 mm); C. Postflexion (11.7 mm); D. Postflexion (15.6 mm); E. Juvenile (20.5 mm); F. Juvenile (22.8 mm). Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Early development of two commercially valuable fish from the lower Amazon River, Brazil (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)
FIGURE 1 | Larval and juvenile development of Myloplus asterias: A. Preflexion (8.6 mm); B. Flexion (8.7 mm); C. Early of postflexion (10.7 mm); D. Postflexion (15.1 mm); E. End of postflexion (21.5 mm); F. Juvenile (35.2 mm). Scale bar = 1 mm.
A parametric life cycle framework to promote sustainable-by-design product development: Application to a hydrogen production technology
<p>The European Ecodesign Directive is an effective normative framework that has been extensively proven to support the energy transition of numerous European industrial sectors. From an analytical standpoint, it provides practitioners with the EcoReport tool, a simplified life cycle spreadsheet that is aimed at guiding the development of ecodesign measures of mandatory compliance in European countries. In this regard, several studies have highlighted the limitations of the EcoReport tool when addressing emerging technologies like those tied to the hydrogen sector. These works also propose to further integrate material criticality and social metrics in order to enlarge the scope of the European Directive and foster the shift from ecodesign to sustainable-by-design product development. In this situation, building upon the principles of the EcoReport tool and recognizing the outcomes of the aforementioned critical analyses, the conceptualization of a novel sustainable-by-design framework is presented and applied to a Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) stack for hydrogen production. The operationalization of the framework is conducted, for the first time in the context of sustainable design, by combining the use of the <em>Brightway2</em> and <em>lca_algebraic</em> Python packages. Overall, the proposed approach succeeds in providing a complete sustainability perspective to the design of emerging technologies. Regarding the tangible lessons learned on the hydrogen-related case study, product concepts are proven to progressively improve the sustainability performance of the technology. It is noticeable that the enhancement of the economic competitivity is more limited than that achieved at the remaining sustainability indicators (i.e., environmental, social and material criticality metrics). In line with the outcomes of the life cycle contribution assessment, multi-criteria decision analysis ratings lead to concluding that a sustainable-by-design SOEC stack product concept should prioritize limiting its material intensity.</p>
Fig. 1 in Patterns of larval development in Cretaceous pipid frogs
Fig. 1. Larval development in the Early Cretaceous pipid Thoraciliacus rostriceps from Makhtesh Ramon, Israel. A. The earliest recorded larva, with rudimentary ribs and not−yet fused neural arches; stage NF 59, dorsal aspect (HUJZ−Th01). B. Same developmental stage (HUJZ−FL3b). C. Stage NF 60, ventral view (HUJZ−Th03); note the anterior tip of the parasphenoid exceeding beyond the both frontoparietals. The photo taken by Zeiss Stemi 2000C stereomicroscope (C1). The photo taken by means of the image analysing software "Image Pro Plus" (C2). D. Stage NF 60, dorsal view (HUJZ−Th02). The photo taken by Zeiss Stemi 2000C stereomicroscope (D1). The photo taken by means of the image analysing software "Image Pro Plus" (D2). E. Stage NF 61, ventral view (HUJZ−Th04). Rudiments of ilia and femora are marked by arrows. F. Estimated stage NF 63, according to ossified tips of toes, probably ventral aspect (HUJZ−Th11). G. Postmetamorphic stage with the ilio−sacral articulation, ventral aspect (HUJZ−F301). H. Postmetamorphic stage, ventral aspect (HUJZF235); note fusion of sacral and praesacral diapophyses. I. Adult, ventral aspect (HUJZ−F93; holotype, cf. also Trueb 1999). Scale bars 5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.