Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
1,301
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
1,301 results for “Early Cretaceous”
CT data and 3D models associated with: Palaeoneurology of the Early Cretaceous iguanodont Proa valdearinnoensis and its bearing on the parallel developments of cognitive abilities in theropod and ornithopod dinosaurs
<p><i>Proa valdearinnoensis </i>is a relatively large-headed and stocky iguanodontian dinosaur from the latest Early Cretaceous of Spain. Its braincase is known from three specimens. Similar to that of other dinosaurs, it shows a mosaic ossification pattern in which most of the bones seem to have fused together indistinguishably while a few bones (frontoparietal, basioccipital) might have remained loosely attached. The endocasts of the three specimens are described based on CT data and digital reconstructions. They show unmistakable morphological similarities with the endocast of closely related taxa, such as <i>Sirindhorna khoratensis </i>(which is close in age but from Thailand). This supports a high conservatism of the endocranial cavity. The issue of volumetric correspondence between endocranial cavity and brain in dinosaurs is analysed. Although a brain-to-endocranial cavity (BEC) index of 0.50 has been traditionally used, we employ instead 0.73. This is indeed the mid-value between the situation in adults of <i>Alligator mississippiensis</i> and <i>Gallus gallus</i>, which are members of the extant bracketing taxa of dinosaurs (Crocodilia and Aves). We thence gauge the level of encephalisation of <i>Proa valdearinnoensis</i> by the calculation of the Encephalisation Quotient (EQ), which remains valuable as a metric for assessing the degree of cognitive function in extinct taxa, especially those with fully ossified braincases like dinosaurs and other archosaurs. The EQ obtained for <i>Proa valdearinnoensis</i> (3.611) suggests that this species was significantly more encephalised than most if not all extant non-avian, non-mammalian amniotes. Our work adds to the growing body of data concerning theoretical cognitive capabilities in dinosaurs and supports the idea that increasing encephalisations were fostered not only once in theropods but also in parallel in the shorter-lived lineage of ornithopods. <i>Proa valdearinnoensis</i> was ill-equipped to respond to theropod dinosaurs and possibly lived in groups as a strategy to mitigate the risk of being predated upon. We hypothesize that group-living and protracted caring of juveniles in this and possibly many other iguanodontian ornithopods favoured a degree of encephalisation that was outstanding by reptile standards.</p>
Figure 2 in An Early Cretaceous anomopod (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) preserved in amber that reveals an unexpected venture during the evolution of the order
Figure 2. Pseudoscapholeberis enigmatica gen. et sp. nov. (A) Holotype. First instar female, lateral. The head has been pushed backward between the carapace valves. Details of the ventral marginal setae of the carapace are impossible to resolve with confidence through the thick layer of amber, but their general appearance is as illustrated. They form a continuous row on each carapace valve, but are omitted in the vicinity of the protruding postabdomen. The last remnants of yolk remain within the carapace chamber postero-dorsally. The trunk limbs have been forced outside the carapace chamber and lost. (B) Possible arrangement of setae of ventral margins of carapace valves. (C) Outline of the fossil as it would appear in life if the head was pulled forward from the carapace chamber into which it had been pushed during fossilization. Dashed lines indicate conjectural reconstruction. The location of the anntenule is conjectural, but based on indications in the fossil. (D) Outline of the extant Scapholeberis mucronata, lateral, for comparison with the fossil. Note the presence of the frontal 'horn' in both animals. Although this is not invariably present, it is not found in any extant genus other than Scapholeberis. (E) Postabdomen, dorsal. In life, in an individual viewed laterally, one would see a lateral view of this structure through the carapace valve, or the same, more clearly, when it was swung posteriorly and extended outside the carapace chamber. In the fossil it has been twisted through approximately 90 degrees, and reveals its topographically dorsal surface. The 'ribs' of the distal segment are shown more distinctly than they appear in the fossil. Of the long ventral spines, two, possibly three, have been lost on the right hand side. (F) Lateral view of the postabdomen as deduced from the dorsal view. (G) Transverse section of postabdomen as deduced from dorsal view, showing location of the long marginal spines.
Figure 3 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 3. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred left squamosal and right parietal (AODF 836). A–D, left squamosal in anterior (A), lateral (B), posterior (C) and medial (D) views. E–I, right parietal in anterior (E), posterior (F), medial (G), dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. Dorsal is towards top of page in E–G; anterior is towards bottom of page in H–I. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 2 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 2. Theropod tooth (AODF 894), found in association with Diamantinasaurus matildae referred cranial elements (AODF 836), in basal (A), lingual (B), distal (C), apical (D), labial (E) and mesial (F) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.
Figure 1 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 1. Locality maps for the referred specimen (AODF 836) of Diamantinasaurus matildae (modified from Poropat et al., 2016; Pentland et al., 2019) and skeletal reconstructions of D. matildae. A, map of Australia, showing the location of Queensland. B, map of Queensland, showing the distribution of Winton Formation outcrop. C, map of the Winton area, showing Winton Formation outcrop, the location of Belmont Station and other stations on which sauropod body fossils have been recovered, and museums in the region. This map incorporates geological information from Vine (1964) and Vine & Casey (1967) [© Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2019. This product is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode]. D, photograph from the September 2004 dig, showing one of the authors (D.A.E., right, seated) with the braincase in situ (circled). E, skeletal reconstruction of the D. matildae holotype and paratype specimens (AODF 603), incorporating data from Klinkhamer et al. (2018, 2019). F, skeletal reconstruction of the referred specimen of D. matildae (AODF 836). Scale bar: 1 m in E, F.
Figure 5 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 5. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred braincase (AODF 836) in dorsal (A, B) and left lateral (C, D) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 6 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 6. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred braincase (AODF 836) in right ventrolateral (A, B) and anteroventral (C, D) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 4 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 4. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred left and right quadrates (AODF 836). A–E, left quadrate in anterior (A), lateral (B), ventral (C), posterior (D) and medial (E) views. F–I, right quadrate in anterior (F), lateral (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 28 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 28. Time-calibrated agreement subtree showing the relationships within Somphospondyli based on the results of the extended implied weights phylogenetic analysis. Euhelopodidae has been collapsed into a single lineage, and Sarmientosaurus has been restored to the position it occupied before pruning. Note that the overall topology is consistent with that produced by the equal weights analysis.
Figure 27 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 27. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred right scapula (AODF 836) in lateral view. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 26 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 26. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred sacral and pelvic elements (AODF 836). A, sacral vertebrae in ventral view. B, left iliac acetabular process, pubis and ischium in lateral view. Scale bar: 200 mm.
Figure 25. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred middle dorsal vertebra B in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 25. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred middle dorsal vertebra B (AODF 836) in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D), ventral (E) and right lateral (F) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 24. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred middle dorsal vertebra A in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 24. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred middle dorsal vertebra A (AODF 836) in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), left lateral (D), posterior (E) and right lateral (F) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 21. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred cervical vertebra VI in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 21. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred cervical vertebra VI (AODF 836) in anterior (A), left lateral (B), dorsal (C), posterior (D), right lateral (E) and ventral (F) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 19 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 19. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred axis (AODF 836) in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D), ventral (E) and right lateral (F) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 18 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 18. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred atlas neurocentrum (AODF 836) in anterior (A), ventral (B), left lateral (C), posterior (D), ventral (E) and right lateral (F) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 23 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 23. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred left cervical rib (AODF 836) in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and medial (D) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 15 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 15. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred braincase (AODF 836). Three-dimensional digital reconstruction of the endocast (opaque) and volume rendering of braincase (semitransparent) in left lateral view. Scale bar: 15 mm.
Figure 17 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 17. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred right surangular (AODF 836) in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. Scale bar: 100 mm.
Figure 14 in Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs
Figure 14. Diamantinasaurus matildae referred braincase (AODF 836). Three-dimensional isosurface rendering of the endocast reconstructed from computed tomography scans in right lateral (A), left lateral (B), anterior (C), posterior (D), dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. Scale bar: 30 mm.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.