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Figs. 57–60 Meiosimyza rorida, third instar. 57 The abdominal segments, lateral view. 58 in Immature stages of Meiosimyza Hendel 1925 and related genera (Diptera, Lauxaniidae)

Figs. 57–60 Meiosimyza rorida, third instar. 57 The abdominal segments, lateral view. 58 The anterior spiracle, lateral view, the spiracle was forced to surface probably during manipulation with specimen. 59 The abdominal segments, dorsal view. 60 Detail of the anal division showing small pad behind the ambulatory lobes and the posterior spiracles, note the two peg sensilla, ventral view. ACW Anterior creeping welt, A3– A6 third to sixth abdominal segment, LCW lateral creeping welt, LP lateral process of anal division, PS posterior spiracles, VP ventral pad. Arrowheads Tubercles of abdominal segments

Fig. 12 H. itoi, nauplius 7 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 12 H. itoi, nauplius 7, ventral side (SEM) a General view, exuvium (rupture of naupliar cuticle for y-cypris release indicated by arrowheads). b Central part with legs and labrum (endopod segments numbered in Roman, exopod segments numbered in Arabic, pores of labrum indicated by asterisks). c Posterior part. d Posteriormost end. e Armament of antenna and mandible. f Putative rudiments of frontal filaments. g Tip of labrum. Abbreviations: a1 - antennules; a2 - antennae; ba - basis; co - coxa; dap - dorsal anal plate; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; ff? - putative rudiments of frontal filaments; fs - furcal spines; lb - labrum; md - mandible; vlr – ventrolateral cuticular ridges; vmr – ventromedial cuticular ridges. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 11 H. itoi, nauplius 7 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 11 H. itoi, nauplius 7, dorsal side (SEM) a General view. b Moulting into y-cypris stage. c Head shield, left side (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). d, e Posterior part of faciotrunk. f Dorsolateral view showing inner side of exuvium with 'ghost sling' of y-cypris (head shield removed). g Surface of 'ghost sling' showing delicate reticulated curicular membrane. Abbreviations: a1 - antennules; a2 - antennae; cy - y-cypris larva; dco - papilla of dorsocaudal organ; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; fs - furcal spines; gs - 'ghost sling' of y-cypris; md - mandible; n7ex - exuvium of nauplius 7; oe - cuticle of oesophagus. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 9 H. itoi, nauplius 5 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 9 H. itoi, nauplius 5, ventral side (SEM) a General view. b Left antenna and mandible (endopod segments numbered in Roman, exopod segments numbered in Arabic). c Right antennule. d Labrum (pores of labrum indicated by asterisks). e Posterior part (pores indicated by asterisks). Abbreviations: a1 - antennules; a2 - antennae; ba - basis; co - coxa; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; ff? - putative rudiments of frontal filaments; fs - furcal spines; lb - labrum; md - mandible; rmx1 - rudiments of maxillules; ob – oban; vlr – ventrolateral cuticular ridges; vmr – ventromedial cuticular ridges. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 8 H. itoi, nauplius 5 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 8 H. itoi, nauplius 5, dorsal side (SEM) a General view. b Anterior half (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). c Middle-posterior part of head shield, right side (pores without setae indicated by asterisks). d Posterior part of head shield (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). e Posterior part of faciotrunk. Abbreviations: bm - boundary of moult of faciotrunk; dco - papilla of dorsocaudal organ; dcs - dorsocaudal spine. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 6 H. itoi, nauplius 3 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 6 H. itoi, nauplius 3, ventral side (SEM) a General view. b Central area with labrum and naupliar legs (pores indicated by asterisk, segments of exopods numbered in Arabic, segments of endopods numbered in Roman). c Area around slit-like mouth opening (pores indicated by asterisks). d Posterior part (pore indicated by asterisk). e Anal region. Abbreviations: a1 - antennules; a2 - antennae; an - anus; ba - basis; co - coxa; dap - dorsal anal plate; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; ff? - putative rudiments of frontal filaments; fs - furcal spines; lb - labrum; md - mandible; mo - mouth opening; vlr – ventrolateral cuticular ridges; vmr – ventromedial cuticular ridges. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 5 H. itoi, nauplius 3 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 5 H. itoi, nauplius 3, dorsal and lateral sides (SEM) a General view, dorsal side. b Anterior half of head shield, dorsal view (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). c Central area of head shield around 'window plate' (W), dorsal view (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). d Posterior part of head shield, dorsal view. e Anterior part, lateral view (pores without setae indicated by asterisks). f Posterior part, lateral view (pore without setae indicated by asterisks). g Area around papilla of dorsocaudal organ, dorsal side. Abbreviations: dco - papilla of dorsocaudal organ; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; fs - furcal spines. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 4 H. itoi, nauplius 2 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 4 H. itoi, nauplius 2, ventral side (SEM) a General view. b Labrum, terminal papilla of labrum in lower right angle in rectangular area (pores of labrum indicated by asterisks). c Right naupliar limbs, segments of exopods numbered in Arabic, segments of endopods numbered in Roman. d Anteriormost end (pore indicated by asterisk). e Central area with labrum and naupliar limbs (pore indicated by asterisk, segments of endopods numbered in Roman). f Posteriormost end, posterioventral view (pores indicated be asterisks). g Pore on ventrlolateral cuticular ridge (vlr3) in posterior part (indicated by asterisk). Abbreviations: a1 - antennules; a2 - antennae; an - anus; ba - basis; bm - boundary of moult of faciotrunk; co - coxa; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; ff? - putative rudiments of frontal filaments; fs - furcal spines; lb - labrum; md - mandible; rmx1 - rudiments of maxillules; vlr – ventrolateral cuticular ridges; vmr – ventromedial cuticular ridges. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 3 H. itoi, nauplius 2 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 3 H. itoi, nauplius 2, dorsal side (SEM) a Just moulted, young nauplius with remnants of cuticle of nauplius 1 at posterior end, cuticular plates compressed, anterior end round; bent anteriormost end in upper right. b Mature nauplius with stretched cuticular plates, anterior end elongated. c Mature nauplius, dorsolateral view, pore without setae indicated by asterisks. d Central area of head shield around 'window plate' (W), setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks. E Papilla of dorsocaudal organ. Abbreviations: bm - boundary of moult between head shield and faciotrunk; dco - papilla of dorsocaudal organ; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; n1-ev - shedding cuticle (exuvium) of nauplius 1. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 2 H. itoi, nauplius 1 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 2 H. itoi, nauplius 1, ventral side (SEM) a General view (cuticular folder with putative rudiments of frontal filaments from 'C' in rectangle area). b Labrum. c Putative rudiments of frontal filaments. d Right naupliar limbs, segments of exopods numbered in Arabic, segments of endopods numbered in Roman. e Posterior part, 5 transverse cuticular rows or combs of denticles corresponding to ventral cuticular ridges of hindbody in subsequent instars indicated by arrowheads. Abbreviations: a1 - antennules; a2 - antennae; ba - basis; co - coxa; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; ff? - putative rudiments of frontal filaments; fs - furcal spines; hb - hindbody; lb - labrum; md - mandible. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 13 Nauplii 1 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 13 Nauplii 1 of Ascothoracida (Sessilogoga captiva Kolbasov et al. 2020 from Taiwan) - a, b and Cirripedia (Balanus balanus (Linnaeus 1758) from the White Sea) - c-f; note absence of frontal filaments and vestiges of maxillules; smooth cuticle without developed sculpture and long setae; smooth labrum without pores and setae; limbs without distinct segmentation; half-formed feeding armament of limbs bearing shorter swimming setae and gnathobases; and short furcal and dorsocaudal spines a Ventral side of moulting nauplius 1, shedding cuticle (n1-ev) peeled away to reveal frontal filaments (ff) of second instar. b Lateral side, anterior cuticle of dorsal shield (n1-ev) peeled away to reveal wrinkled cuticle of second instar. c Dorsal side, note frontolateral horns pressed to the side. d Ventrolateral view from posterior end, note undeveloped gnathobases and small, slit- shaped mouth (mo). e Anterior side, note absence of frontal filaments. f Anterioventral view, shedding cuticle (n1-ev) peeled away to reveal frontal filaments (ff) of second instar. Abbreviations: a1 - antennule; a2 - antenna; dcs - dorsocaudal spine; ff - frontal filaments; fh - frontolateral horns; fs - furcal spines; lb - labrum; md - mandible; mo - mouth; n1-ev - shedding cuticle (exuvium) of nauplius 1. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 7 H. itoi, nauplius 4 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 7 H. itoi, nauplius 4, dorsal side (SEM). a General view. b Head shield (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). Abbreviations: dco - papilla of dorsocaudal organ; dcs - dorsocaudal spine. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 10 H. itoi, nauplius 6 in Naupliar development of Facetotecta (Crustacea: Thecostraca) and the nature of the first nauplius instar in the Crustacea - pro et contra the Hexanauplia concept

Fig. 10 H. itoi, nauplius 6, dorsal side (SEM) a General view. b Anterior part of head shield (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). c Posterior part of head shield, left side (setae in pores indicated by arrowheads, pores without setae indicated by asterisks). d Posterior part of faciotrunk. Abbreviations: bm - boundary of moult of faciotrunk; dco - papilla of dorsocaudal organ; dcs - dorsocaudal spine. Scale bars in μm

FIGURES 43–49. Mycterothrips species, second instar larva. M. fasciatus, 43–47 in Further study of the genus Mycterothrips Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Japan, with description of a new species and a new record

FIGURES 43–49. Mycterothrips species, second instar larva. M. fasciatus, 43–47: (43) Antenna; (44) Head–mesonotum; (45) Anterior angle of mesonotum; (46) Abdominal tergites VII–XI: (47) Abdominal sternites III–VI. M. glycines, 48–49: (48) Head and pronotum; (49) Abdominal sternites IV–VI. spl=spiracle.

FIGURE 12 in Contribution to knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Oribatodes (Acari, Oribatida, Cepheusidae), with supplementary descriptions of two species and data on juvenile instars

FIGURE 12. Oribatodes reticulatus (Sitnikova, 1979), adult, SEM micrographs (cerotegument partially removed): A— anterodorsal view; B—bothridium, interlamellar and bothridial setae, basal parts of lamella and tutorium, from right lateral view.

FIGURE 11 in Contribution to knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Oribatodes (Acari, Oribatida, Cepheusidae), with supplementary descriptions of two species and data on juvenile instars

FIGURE 11. Oribatodes reticulatus (Sitnikova, 1979), adult, SEM micrographs (cerotegument partially removed): A—dorsal view; B—ventral view; C—right lateral view; D—notogastral seta lp.

FIGURE 6. Oribatodes mirabilis Banks, 1895 in Contribution to knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Oribatodes (Acari, Oribatida, Cepheusidae), with supplementary descriptions of two species and data on juvenile instars

FIGURE 6. Oribatodes mirabilis Banks, 1895, adult, SEM micrographs (cerotegument partially removed): A—anterodorsal view; B—humeral process of notogaster, bothridium, interlamellar and bothridial setae, basal parts of lamella, tutorium and pedotectum I, from right lateral view.

FIGURE 5. Oribatodes mirabilis Banks, 1895 in Contribution to knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Oribatodes (Acari, Oribatida, Cepheusidae), with supplementary descriptions of two species and data on juvenile instars

FIGURE 5. Oribatodes mirabilis Banks, 1895, adult, SEM micrographs (cerotegument partially removed): A—dorsal view; B—ventral view; C—right lateral view; D—notogastral seta h3.

FIGURE 2. Oribatodes mirabilis Banks, 1895 in Contribution to knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Oribatodes (Acari, Oribatida, Cepheusidae), with supplementary descriptions of two species and data on juvenile instars

FIGURE 2. Oribatodes mirabilis Banks, 1895, tritonymph (some gastronotic setae broken. Scale bar 100 μm.

FIGURE 6. Basilobelba werneri Mahunka, 1982 in Ontogenetic instars of Basilobelba werneri Mahunka, 1982 (Acari, Oribatida, Basilobelbidae)

FIGURE 6. Basilobelba werneri Mahunka, 1982, larva: A—dorsal view (legs omitted); B—ventral view (legs omitted); C— right lateral view (legs omitted). Scale bar 50 μm.