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10,801 results for “data correction”
LEDAPS corrected Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Shortgrass Steppe collected on 1995-04-02
This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of LEDAPS corrected Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Shortgrass Steppe, originally collected on 1995-04-02 (16:46:46.3610000Z) by Landsat 5, row 032, path 033. Cloud cover was 30 percent. The Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) software was originally developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration–Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Maryland to produce top-of-atmosphere reflectance from Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Level 1 digital numbers and to apply atmospheric corrections to generate a surface-reflectance product. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has adopted the LEDAPS algorithm for producing the Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record. NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50330321995092XXX01, LPGS_12.1.3, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-12-22T08:10:54Z.
A heterometallic [LnLn'Ln] lanthanide complex as a qubit with embedded quantum error correction. Open data set
<p>Includes data relevant for publication with DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c03167">10.1039/d0sc03107k</a> plus a table with information on how the data were obtained and processed.</p>
Data for "TrueEBSD: correcting spatial distortions in electron backscatter diffraction maps"
<p>Data for "TrueEBSD: correcting spatial distortions in electron backscatter diffraction maps" published in Ultramicroscopy.</p> <p>Journal DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2020.113130">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2020.113130</a>;<br> Preprint DOI: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.00347">https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.00347</a>.</p> <p>The zipped folder contains:</p> <ol> <li>Readme (text file)</li> <li>'Ti-64' data subfolder: data for one of the maps in the Ti-64 map stitching example</li> <li>'ZrH' data subfolder: data for the hydride-containing Zircaloy-4 example</li> <li>'CP-Zr' data subfolder: data for the in-situ deformed Zr example</li> <li> 'MATLAB scripts' subfolder: TrueEBSD source code.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p>Each data subfolder contains:</p> <ul> <li>Input image files</li> <li>EBSD orientation files in Bruker CTF format</li> <li>'Outputs' subfolder containing output figures as image files.</li> </ul> <p>The 'MATLAB scripts' subfolder contains TrueEBSD source code:</p> <ul> <li>The primary user interface is 'input_deck.m'. Most user settings can be changed here. <ul> <li>The input deck entries here have been pre-filled for the Ti-64 dataset.</li> </ul> </li> <li>To use TrueEBSD, run 'input_deck.m' in MATLAB.</li> <li>The method is outlined in 'main.m', which calls functions in 'MATLAB scripts\code\'.</li> </ul>
Data from: Root volume distribution of maturing perennial grasses revealed by correcting for minirhizotron surface effects
Aims: Root architecture drives plant ecology and physiology, but current detection methods limit understanding of root placement within soil profiles. We developed a statistical model of root volume along depth gradients and used it to infer carbon storage potential of land-use changes from conventional agriculture to perennial bioenergy grasses. Methods: We estimated root volume of maize-soybean rotation and three perennial grass systems (Miscanthus × giganteus, Panicum virgatum, tallgrass prairie mix) by Bayesian modeling from minirhizotron images, correcting for small images and near-surface underdetection. We monitored seasonal and inter-annual changes in root volume distribution, then validated our estimates against root mass from core samples. Results: The model explained 29% of root volume variation and validated well against core mass. Seventh-year perennials had greater belowground biomass than maize-soybean both in total (11-16×) and throughout the profile (2-17× at every depth < 120 cm). Perennials' relative depth allocations were stable over time, while total root volume increased through five years. In 2012 a historically hot, dry summer damaged maize while perennials appeared resilient, suggesting their large-deep root systems aid drought resistance. Conclusions: Perennial root systems are large, deep, and persistent. Converting row crops to perennial bioenergy grasses likely sequesters carbon in a large, potentially very stable, soil pool.
Data from: The effect of taxonomic corrections on Phanerozoic generic richness trends in marine bivalves with a discussion on the clade's overall history
This study uses a comprehensive, revised, and updated global bivalve dataset combining information from two major databases available to study temporal trends in Phanerozoic bivalve richness: the Sepkoski Compendium and the Paleobiology Database. This compilation results in greater taxonomic and stratigraphic coverage than possible with either of the two databases alone. However, there are challenges in directly comparing these two sources due to differences in their taxonomic designations and stratigraphic range information. Moreover, both of these datasets are fraught with a number of taxonomic errors, which can significantly bias the overall richness estimate. Additionally, a substantial number of taxonomic corrections were made before a new Phanerozoic bivalve richness curve was produced. The new generic taxonomic curve is comparable with the trajectory of the Sepkoski's modern fauna and shows rapid and substantial diversification through the Ordovician, followed by a Paleozoic plateau, a Mesozoic high, and Cenozoic diversification after a small reduction in richness associated with the K/Pg extinction. The steep Cenozoic rise documented in the raw richness curve derived from the new dataset is likely real, and reflects the overall robustness and completeness of the bivalve fossil record.
Data from: Correcting for cell-type effects in DNA methylation studies: reference-based method outperforms latent variable approaches in empirical studies
Based on an extensive simulation study, McGregor and colleagues recently recommended the use of surrogate variable analysis (SVA) to control for the confounding effects of cell-type heterogeneity in DNA methylation association studies in scenarios where no cell-type proportions are available. As their recommendation was mainly based on simulated data, we sought to replicate findings in two large-scale empirical studies. In our empirical data, SVA did not fully correct for cell-type effects, its performance was somewhat unstable, and it carried a risk of missing true signals caused by removing variation that might be linked to actual disease processes. By contrast, a reference-based correction method performed well and did not show these limitations. A disadvantage of this approach is that if reference methylomes are not (publicly) available, they will need to be generated once for a small set of samples. However, given the notable risk we observed for cell-type confounding, we argue that, to avoid introducing false-positive findings into the literature, it could be well worth making this investment.
Data from: Correction of location errors for presence-only species distribution models
1. Species distribution models (SDMs) for presence-only data depend on accurate and precise measurements of geographic and environmental covariates that influence presence and abundance of the species. Some data sets, however, may contain both systematic and random errors in the recorded location of the species. Environmental covariates at the recorded location may differ from those at the true location and result in biased parameter estimates and predictions from SDMs. 2. Regression calibration is a well-developed statistical method that can be used to correct the bias in estimated coefficients and predictions from SDMs when the recorded geographic location differ from the true location for some, but not all locations. We expand the application of regression calibration methods to SDMs and provide illustrative examples using simulated data and opportunistic records of whooping cranes (Grus americana). 3. We found we were able to successfully correct the bias in our SDM parameters estimated from simulated data and opportunistic records of whooping cranes using regression calibration. 4. When modeling species distributions with data that have geographic location errors, we recommend researchers consider the effect of location errors. Correcting for location errors requires that at least a portion of the data have locations recorded without error. Bias correction can result in an increase in variance; this increase in variance should be considered when evaluating the utility of bias correction.
Data from: The program STRUCTURE does not reliably recover the correct population structure when sampling is uneven: sub-sampling and new estimators alleviate the problem
Inferences of population structure and more precisely the identification of genetically homogeneous groups of individuals are essential to the fields of ecology, evolutionary biology, and conservation biology. Such population structure inferences are routinely investigated via the program STRUCTURE implementing a Bayesian algorithm to identify groups of individuals at Hardy-Weinberg and linkage equilibrium. While the method is performing relatively well under various population models with even sampling between subpopulations, the robustness of the method to uneven sample size between subpopulations and/or hierarchical levels of population structure has not yet been tested despite being commonly encountered in empirical datasets. In this study, I used simulated and empirical microsatellite datasets to investigate the impact of uneven sample size between subpopulations and/or hierarchical levels of population structure on the detected population structure. The results demonstrated that uneven sampling often leads to wrong inferences on hierarchical structure and downward biased estimates of the true number of subpopulations. Distinct subpopulations with reduced sampling tended to be merged together, whilst at the same time, individuals from extensively sampled subpopulations were generally split, despite belonging to the same panmictic population. Four new supervised methods to detect the number of clusters were developed and tested as part of this study and were found to outperform the existing methods using both evenly and unevenly sampled datasets. Additionally, a sub-sampling strategy aiming to reduce sampling unevenness between subpopulations is presented and tested. These results altogether demonstrate that when sampling evenness is accounted for, the detection of the correct population structure is greatly improved.
FIGURE 1 in Butterflies of Guinea-Bissau: VIII. New data, new reports, corrections and biodiversity (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
FIGURE 1. Map of Guinea-Bissau with centroids of the 10 km UTM squares containing the localities where butterflies have been recorded: black centroids include the localities prospected in this study, open centroids include those from previous studies, and grey centroids include localities from both the present and former studies. White dotted areas represent Protected Areas.
Data of Paper "Turning a Multilingual Historical Archive into an Information System through Post-OCR Correction and Content-Based Indexation"
<p>We evaluated our approach on a collection of 946 historical documents belonging to the Biblioteca Nacional de Catalunya (BNC), spanning from 1914 to 1951. Each document is the issue of a magazine, comprising different articles by different authors. This implies that, despite the thematic nature of magazines and specific issues, there is a certain degree of heterogeneity in each document. Magazines were selected based on their relevance w.r.t. art in general and, more specifically, early 20th century avant-garde movements (e.g., Dadaism, Cubism, etc.). For each document, we have the scanning of the original artifact and the plain raw text extracted through ABBYY FineReader OCR tool. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Catalan-dominated OCR corpus ever released. </p>
Fast wavefront shaping for two-photon brain imaging with multi-patch correction - raw datas
<p>Raw stack images for the main figures of the paper: "Fast wavefront shaping for two-photon brain imaging with multi-patch correction" </p>
Bias Corrected and Gap Filled Sentinel-1 and University of Arizona Snow Depth Data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Stim circuits and collected data for "Error-corrected Hadamard gate simulated at the circuit level" manuscript
<p>The stim circuits which we sampled to obtain logical failure probabilities, and the collected data organised in an excel file.</p>
Data from: Seed predator effects on plants: moving beyond time-corrected proxies
<p><span>Small mammals impact plant recruitment globally via size-dependent seed predation, generating a unimodal pattern across ecosystems. Chen et al. (2021) critiqued our seed removal analysis, advocating corrections for exposure time. We show in our rebuttal that such manipulations are unwarranted and argue for increased emphasis on plant recruitment metrics. This archive holds the updated seed removal dataset used for our rebuttal.</span></p>
Theoretical Design of Optimal Molecular Qudits for Quantum Error Correction. Open data set
<p>Data supporting the original figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the related publication.</p>
Data from: Backfire effects after correcting misinformation are strongly associated with reliability
<p>The backfire effect is when a correction increases belief in the very misconception it is attempting to correct, and it is often used as a reason not to correct misinformation. The current study aimed to test whether correcting misinformation increases belief more than a no-correction control. Furthermore, we aimed to examine whether item-level differences in backfire rates were associated with test-retest reliability or theoretically meaningful factors. These factors included worldview-related attributes, namely perceived importance and strength of pre-correction belief, and familiarity-related attributes, namely perceived novelty and the illusory truth effect. In two nearly identical experiments, we conducted a longitudinal pre/post design with N = 388 and 532 participants. Participants rated 21 misinformation items and were assigned to a correction condition or test-retest control. We found that no items backfired more in the correction condition compared to test-retest control or initial belief ratings. Item backfire rates were strongly negatively correlated with item reliability (⍴ = -.61 / -.73) and did not correlate with worldview-related attributes. Familiarity-related attributes were significantly correlated with backfire rate, though they did not consistently account for unique variance beyond reliability. While there have been previous papers highlighting the non-replicable nature of backfire effects, the current findings provide a potential mechanism for this poor replicability. It is crucial for future research into backfire effects to use reliable measures, report the reliability of their measures, and take reliability into account in analyses. Furthermore, fact-checkers and communicators should not avoid giving corrective information due to backfire concerns.</p>
Data from: Detecting macroevolutionary genotype-phenotype associations using error-corrected rates of protein convergence
<p><span>On macroevolutionary timescales, extensive mutations and phylogenetic uncertainty mask the signals of genotype-phenotype associations underlying convergent evolution. To overcome this problem, we extended the widely used framework of nonsynonymous-to-synonymous substitution rate ratios and developed the novel metric <em>ω<sub>C</sub></em>, which measures the error-corrected convergence rate of protein evolution. While </span><span><em>ω<sub>C</sub></em></span><span> distinguishes natural selection from genetic noise and phylogenetic errors in simulation and real examples, its accuracy allows an exploratory genome-wide search of adaptive molecular convergence without phenotypic hypothesis or candidate genes. Using gene expression data, we explored over 20 million branch combinations in vertebrate genes and identified the joint convergence of expression patterns and protein sequences with amino acid substitutions in functionally important sites, providing hypotheses on undiscovered phenotypes. We further extended our method with a heuristic algorithm to detect highly repetitive convergence among computationally nontrivial higher-order phylogenetic combinations. Our approach allows bidirectional searches for genotype-phenotype associations, even in lineages that diverged for hundreds of millions of years.</span></p>
Assessing and Correcting Neighborhood Socioeconomic Spatial Sampling Biases in Citizen Science Mosquito Data Collection
<p>Reporting data from the Mosquito Alert citizen science system, active catch basin surveillance, and mosquito trap surveillance used in "Assessing and Correcting Neighborhood Socioeconomic Spatial Sampling Biases in Citizen Science Mosquito Data Collection."</p> <p>The file named mosquito_alert_adult_bite_reports_Barcelona_2014_2023.Rds includes all adult mosquito and mosquito bite reports received from Barcelona Municipality from the start of the Mosqiuto Alert project in 2014 through the end of 2023. The file named mosquito_alert_validated_albopictus_reports_Barcelona_2014_23.Rds includes all expert-validated <em>Ae. albopictus </em>reports received from Barcelona Municipality during the same time period. The data is stored as RDS files and contain the following fields:</p> <ul> <li><strong>year </strong>- the year in which the report was made. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>date </strong>- the date om which the report was made. Class = date.</li> <li><strong>type </strong>- the report type, either adult mosquito ("adult") or mosquito breeding site ("site"). Class = chr.</li> <li><strong>lon</strong> - the longitude of the report location. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>lat</strong> - the latitude of the report location. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>validation_score</strong> - Entolab validation score. Either 1 (possible <em>Ae. albopictus</em>) or 2 (probable <em>Ae. albopictus</em>). This field is present only in the validated reports data. </li> </ul> <p>The file named active_catch_basin_drain_data.Rds includes information about all catch basin drains in Barcelona Municipality in which the Barcelona Public Health Agency (ASPB) detected mosquito activity as part of its continuous monitoring and control of mosquitoes from 2019 through 2023. The data is stored in an RDS file with the following fields:</p> <ul> <li><strong>any_reports </strong>- dummy variable indicating whether any Mosquito Alert adult mosquito or mosquito bite reports were sent through Mosquito Alert from within 200 m of the catch basin drain during the year in which the ASPB detected mosquito activity in hte catch basin drain. Class = lgl.</li> <li><strong>se_expected</strong> - sampling effort for the 0.025 degree lon/lat sampling cell in which the catch basin drain lies during the year in which the ASPB detected mosquito activity in the drain. This value is taken from the SE_expected variable in the sampling_effort_daily_cellres_025.csv.gz file available at https://zenodo.org/records/12602985. Sampling effort is estimated as the expected number of participants sending at least one report from the cell during the day in question given the the number of participants recorded in the cell that day and the amount of time elapsed since each one began participating in the project. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>p_singlehh</strong> - proportion of single-member households in the population of the census tract in which the catch basin drain is located. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>mean_age </strong>- mean age of the population of the census tract in which the catch basin drain is located. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>mean_rent_consumption_unit</strong> - mean income per consumption unit in the census tract in which the catch basin drain is located. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>popd</strong> - population density of the census tract in which the catch basin drain is located. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>id_item </strong>- unique identifier given to the catch basin drain. Drain itentifiers appear multiple times in the data when the ASPB detected activity in the drain in multiple years. Class = dbl.</li> </ul> <p>The file named trap_data.Rds includes information on the adult mosquito trap surveillance analyzed in this article. The data is stored in an RDS file with the following fields:</p> <ul> <li><strong>females </strong>- number of Ae. albopictus females found in the trap. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>trap_name</strong> - unique identifier for the trap. Class = chr.</li> <li><strong>trapping_effort</strong> - number of days from when the trap was set to when it was checked. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>date</strong> - date on which the trap was checked. Class = date.</li> <li><strong>mean_tm30</strong> - mean temperature for the 30 days leading up to the date on which the trap was checked. Class = dbl.</li> <li><strong>mean_rent_consumption_unit </strong>- mean income per consumption unit for the census tract in which the trap was located. Class = dbl.</li> </ul>
Data for "Sedimentary Corrections for DAS"
<p>This repository contains the required data to reproduce figure from the following article:</p> <blockquote> <p>Trabattoni, A., Vernet, C., Ende, M. van den, Baillet, M., Potin, B., & Rivet, D. (2024). Sediment Corrections for Distributed Acoustic Sensing.</p> </blockquote> <h2>Contents</h2> <h3>Manual Picks</h3> <p>A number of 32 events have been picked manually from DAS waveforms recorded along a submarine telecom cable linking Concón to La Serena in central Chile (see <em>Cable Geometry</em>). </p> <p>The <code>picks</code> folder contains 32 CSV files created with the use of the <a href="https://github.com/xdas-dev/xpick">Xpick</a> freehand DAS picking toolbox. Each file contain three fields: the <em>distance</em> along the cable, the absolute UTC <em>time</em> of the pick and the <em>phase</em> label.</p> <p>The <code>picks.nc</code> file is an interpolation of those manual picks over a common evenly spaced distance binning that corresponds to the DAS channels positions. The data can be open as a <a href="https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.open_dataset.html">Xarray Dataset</a>. Missing picks are represented by <code>nan</code> values. </p> <h3>Cable geometry</h3> <p>The <code>fiber.nc </code>file contains the geometry of the cable in latitude, longitude, depth. It can be opened as a <a href="https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.open_dataset.html">Xarray Dataset</a>. </p> <p>The <code>station.nc</code> file can be opened as a <a href="https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.open_dataarray.html">Xarray DataArray</a>. It contains a mapping between DAS channel distances and channel names. This is useful for the localization procedure. </p> <p>The <code>topo.grd</code> file can be opened as a <a href="https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.open_dataset.html">Xarray Dataset</a>. It was generated from the <a href="https://www.gmrt.org/GMRTMapTool">GMRT Maptool</a>. It use used for plotting and was used to get the cable depth.</p> <h3>Geophysic Features</h3> <p>The <code>marot2014.csv</code>, <code>moho.csv</code> and <code>slab.csv</code> files where adapted from the following article: </p> <p>> Marot, M., Monfret, T., Gerbault, M., Nolet, G., Ranalli, G., & Pardo, M. (2014). Flat versus normal subduction zones: A comparison based on 3-D regional traveltime tomography and petrological modelling of central Chile and western Argentina (29°–35°S). Geophysical Journal International, 199(3), 1633–1654. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu355</p> <p>The <code>marot2014.csv</code> table contains the 1D regional velocity model used in this study. The <code>moho.csv</code> and <code>slab.csv</code> tables are qualitative indication used when plotting event localizations. </p> <h3>Waveforms</h3> <p>The <code>signal.nc</code> file contains the DAS recording of the example earthquake used to illustrate this study. It can be opened as a <a href="https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/generated/xarray.open_dataarray.html">Xarray DataArray</a>. The values contains the differential phase rate (in rad / m / s) which is a quantity proportional to the strain rate (a gain of 1.08e-7 must be applied to get this later quantity). The <code>time</code> and <code>distance</code> coordinates allows to reference this recording both temporally and spatially (the distance can be mapped to geographical coordinates with the cable geometry).</p> <h2>License</h2> <p>This dataset is licensed under CC BY 4.0. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</p>
FIGURE 4. Concordia Age plot for sample PCM3Aug14-04. Data have been corrected for 230 in PE Note: Corrigenda to Murphey et al. 2018
FIGURE 4. Concordia Age plot for sample PCM3Aug14-04. Data have been corrected for 230Th disequilibrium.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.