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Figure 5 in Subspeciation befogged by the ''Seligmann effect'': the case of Laudakia stellio (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae) in southern Sinai, Egypt

Figure 5. Central-dorsal scale pattern distinguishing Laudakia stellio salehi (A) from L. s. brachydactyla (B), from photographs of the holotypes. While in L. s. brachydactyla there is a broad mid-dorsal band of large scales, in L. s. salehi the left and right transverse rows of enlarged scales are separated by a narrow mid-dorsal stripe of small scales. Scale bars: 5 mm.

Figure 4 in Subspeciation befogged by the ''Seligmann effect'': the case of Laudakia stellio (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae) in southern Sinai, Egypt

Figure 4. Variation in ''Laudakia stellio brachydactyla'' sensu lato from the Negev (Israel) and Sinai (Egypt). Bimodal distribution of one character, fourth toe length, one mode due to regenerated-tailed specimens, the other due to original-tailed specimens (N513).

Figure 1 in Subspeciation befogged by the ''Seligmann effect'': the case of Laudakia stellio (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae) in southern Sinai, Egypt

Figure 1. Morphological PCA analysis of ''Laudakia stellio brachydactyla'' sensu lato from the Negev (Israel) and Sinai (Egypt), including original-tailed and regenerated-tailed specimens. (A) Males (N531); (B) females (N525).

Figure 2 in Subspeciation befogged by the ''Seligmann effect'': the case of Laudakia stellio (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae) in southern Sinai, Egypt

Figure 2. Map of the study area (from Werner 1988) delimited towards north by a broken line and subdivided by a second broken line into northern ''Negev'' and southern ''Sinai'', with localities of the focal specimens (solid circles) and human settlements for orientation (open squares), explained in Werner (1987, 1988).

Figure 3 in Subspeciation befogged by the ''Seligmann effect'': the case of Laudakia stellio (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae) in southern Sinai, Egypt

Figure 3. Morphological PCA analysis of ''Laudakia stellio brachydactyla'' sensu lato from the Negev (Israel) and Sinai (Egypt), including only original-tailed specimens. (A) Males (N520); (B) females (N516).

Figure 12 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 12. (a) Egg sac of Leptopholcus hispaniola and (b) detail of egg sac of L. baoruco, showing that eggs are not protected by silk but only held together by a few lines; (c–f) Baeus sp. females, dorsal, dorsolateral, ventrolateral, and ventral views. Scale bars: 400 Mm (a); 100 Mm (b); 200 Mm (c–f).

Figure 8 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 8. Leptopholcus toma, SEM images. (a) Left procursus and palpal trochanter, retrolateral view; (b, c) male bulbal projections; (d) tip of male palpal trochanter apophysis with modified hair; (e) tip of procursus, retrolateral view; (f) female ocular area (arrows point to AME lenses); (g) female tarsus 4 with row of serrated hairs; (h) tip of female pedipalp; (i) female spinnerets and anal cone; (j) female ALS and PMS; (k) epigynum, ventral view; (l) female internal genitalia, dorsal view of cleared genitalia; (m) pore plate, dorsal view. a, appendix; e, embolus; p, procursus; tr, trochanter; u, uncus. Scale bars: 100 Mm (a, c, f, l); 70 Mm (b, i); 10 Mm (d, g, j); 50 Mm (e); 30 Mm (h); 200 Mm (k); 20 Mm (m).

Figure 5 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 5. Leptopholcus hispaniola. (a, b) Male palp in prolateral and retrolateral views; (c, d) cleared epigynum in ventral and dorsal views. a, appendix; b, bulb; f, femur; p, procursus; pp, pore plate; tr, trochanter; u, uncus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (a, b), 0.2 mm (c, d).

Figure 4 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 4. Leptopholcus baoruco, SEM images. (a) Female ocular area (arrows point to AME); (b, c) male bulbal projections; (d) male distal cheliceral apophysis (arrows point to modified hairs); (e) tip of procursus, retrolateral view; (f) male palpal tarsal organ; (g) male gonopore; (h) tip of male palpal trochanter apophysis with modified hair at tip; (i) female ALS; (j) epigynum, ventral view; (k) female internal genitalia, dorsal view of cleared genitalia; (l) pore plate, dorsal view; (m) pore plate, ventral view. a, appendix; e, embolus; pp, pore plate; u, uncus. Scale bars: 100 Mm (a–c, k); 10 Mm (d, f, h, i, m); 70 Mm (e); 40 Mm (g); 200 Mm (j); 6 Mm (l).

Figure 7 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 7. Leptopholcus toma. (a, b) Male palp in prolateral and retrolateral views; (c, d) cleared epigynum in ventral and dorsal views. a, appendix; b, bulb; f, femur; p, procursus; pp, pore plate; tr, trochanter; u, uncus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (a, b), 0.2 mm (c, d).

Figure 10 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 10. Known distribution of Leptopholcus in Hispaniola. Unidentified females and juveniles were collected at two localities in the Dominican Republic: near El Pino (19°24.79N, 71°29.99W), E of San Juan de la Maguana (18°47.69N, 71°12.29W). All other localities are detailed in the text.

Figure 2 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 2. (a–f) Males in dorsal and lateral views: Leptopholcus baoruco (a, b); L. hispaniola (c, d); L. toma (e, f); (g, h) L. baoruco females, lateral views; (i–k) untreated female genitalia in ventral views: L. baoruco (i); L. hispaniola (j); L. toma (k).

Figure 1 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 1. (a, b) Leptopholcus baoruco, male (a) and female with egg sac (b) on banana leaves, in the typical position flat against the leaf; (c) the piece of amber containing the holotype of L. kiskeya and four unidentified insects; the length of the piece is 23 mm; (d) ventral view of L. kiskeya; (e) unparasitized egg sacs of L. baoruco; (f) parasitized egg sacs of L. baoruco (arrows point to two unparasitized eggs).

Figure 9 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 9. Distinctive bulbal projections (left bulbs in retrolateral views). (a) Leptopholcus baoruco; (b) L. hispaniola; (c) L. toma from type locality; (d) L. toma from near Cabral. a, appendix; e, embolus; u, uncus. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Figure 6 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 6. Leptopholcus hispaniola, SEM images. (a–c) Male bulbal projections; (d) tip of procursus, prolateral view; (e) male gonopore; (f) male ALS and PMS; (g) male palpal tarsal organ; (h) tip of male palpal trochanter apophysis with modified hair at tip; (i) male distal cheliceral apophysis (arrows point to modified hairs); (j) epigynum, ventral view; (k) ocular area of a female with distinct AME pigment but without AME lenses; (l) tip of female pedipalp; (m) female internal genitalia, dorsal view of cleared genitalia. a, appendix; e, embolus; u, uncus. Scale bars: 100 Mm (a–c, k, m); 60 Mm (d); 40 Mm (e); 10 Mm (f–i); 200 Mm (j); 30 Mm (l).

Figure 11 in Fossil and extant species of the genus Leptopholcus in the Dominican Republic, with the first cases of egg-parasitism in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae)

Figure 11. Leptopholcus kiskeya, holotype. (a) Entire specimen in ventral view; (b) body without legs, dorsal view; (c) prosoma with chelicerae and palps (grey), frontal to ventral view. l1, 3, left legs 1 and 3; ps, proximal bulbal sclerite; r1–4, right legs 1–4; tr, trochanter.

Figure 1 in The first substantiated case of trans-oceanic tortoise dispersal

Figure 1. The Aldabra tortoise at Kimbiji, shortly after its discovery in December 2004. Photograph: C. Muir.

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Figure 31. Thevenetimyia australiensis Hall, 1969 in A Review of the Australian Species of Thevenetimyia Bigot, 1875 (Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae, Eclimini), with Description of Four New Species and the Pupal Case of T. longipalpis (Hardy)

Figure 31. Thevenetimyia australiensis Hall, 1969, SEM: (a) female wing costa; (b) male wing costa; (c) male scutum, showing scratches; (d) male scutum, showing modified base of microtrichia.

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Figure 29 in A Review of the Australian Species of Thevenetimyia Bigot, 1875 (Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae, Eclimini), with Description of Four New Species and the Pupal Case of T. longipalpis (Hardy)

Figure 29. Thevenetimyia longipalpis (Hardy, 1921) pupal case: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 4 to 6, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); 0.1 mm (a, b, d). Abbreviations: aap = anterior antennal process; absr = abdominal spiracle; dpp = dorsal posterolateral process; fsp = frontal spine; lesh 1 = fore leg sheath; lesh 2 = mid leg sheath; lesh 3 = hind leg sheath; lfsp = lateral facial spine; lsh = labral sheath; mfha = median facial hair; msh = maxillary sheath; pap = posterior antennal process; pash = palpal sheath; pmc = posterior mesothoracic callosity; prsh = proboscidal sheath; vpp = ventral posterolateral process; wsh = wing sheath.